Open Access

Regulation of cancer stem cells and immunotherapy of glioblastoma (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Аleksandra Kosianova
    • Oleg Pak
    • Igor Bryukhovetskiy
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  • Published online on: December 19, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1712
  • Article Number: 24
  • Copyright: © Kosianova et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most adverse diagnoses in oncology. Complex current treatment results in a median survival of 15 months. Resistance to treatment is associated with the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The present review aimed to analyze the mechanisms of CSC plasticity, showing the particular role of β‑catenin in regulating vital functions of CSCs, and to describe the molecular mechanisms of Wnt‑independent increase of β‑catenin levels, which is influenced by the local microenvironment of CSCs. The present review also analyzed the reasons for the low effectiveness of using medication in the regulation of CSCs, and proposed the development of immunotherapy scenarios with tumor cell vaccines, containing heterogenous cancer cells able of producing a multidirectional antineoplastic immune response. Additionally, the possibility of managing lymphopenia by transplanting hematopoietic stem cells from a healthy sibling and using clofazimine or other repurposed drugs that reduce β‑catenin concentration in CSCs was discussed in the present study.
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February-2024
Volume 20 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 2049-9434
Online ISSN:2049-9442

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Spandidos Publications style
Kosianova А, Pak O and Bryukhovetskiy I: Regulation of cancer stem cells and immunotherapy of glioblastoma (Review). Biomed Rep 20: 24, 2024
APA
Kosianova, А., Pak, O., & Bryukhovetskiy, I. (2024). Regulation of cancer stem cells and immunotherapy of glioblastoma (Review). Biomedical Reports, 20, 24. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1712
MLA
Kosianova, А., Pak, O., Bryukhovetskiy, I."Regulation of cancer stem cells and immunotherapy of glioblastoma (Review)". Biomedical Reports 20.2 (2024): 24.
Chicago
Kosianova, А., Pak, O., Bryukhovetskiy, I."Regulation of cancer stem cells and immunotherapy of glioblastoma (Review)". Biomedical Reports 20, no. 2 (2024): 24. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1712