|
1
|
Bayer MF: Effective laboratory evaluation
of thyroid status. Med Clin North Am. 75:1–26. 1991.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
2
|
Regmi A, Shah B, Rai BR and Pandeya A:
Serum lipid profile in patients with thyroid disorders in central
Nepal. Nepal Med Coll J. 12:253–256. 2010.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
3
|
Heuck CC, Kallner A, Kanagasabapathy AS
and Riesen W: Diagnosis and monitoring of diseases of the thyroid.
World Health Organization, 2000.
|
|
4
|
Pucci E, Chiovato L and Pinchera A:
Thyroid and lipid metabolism. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 24
(Suppl 2):S109–S112. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
5
|
WHO: Assessment of iodine deficiency
disorders and monitoring their elimination: A guide for programme
managers. World Health Organization, 2001.
|
|
6
|
Bilek R, Dvořáková M, Grimmichova T and
Jiskra J: Iodine, thyroglobulin and thyroid gland. Physiol Res. 69
(Suppl 2):S225–S236. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
7
|
Moini J, Pereira K and Samsam M:
Epidemiology of thyroid disorders. Netherlands, Elsevier, 116-152,
2020.
|
|
8
|
Hatch-McChesney A and Lieberman HR: Iodine
and iodine deficiency: A comprehensive review of a re-emerging
issue. Nutrients. 14(3474)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
9
|
Wiersinga WM, Poppe KG and Effraimidis G:
Hyperthyroidism: Aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, management,
complications, and prognosis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol.
11:282–298. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
10
|
Duntas LH: Thyroid disease and lipids.
Thyroid. 12:287–293. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
11
|
Shahid MA, Ashraf MA and Sharma S:
Physiology, thyroid hormone. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure
Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2022.
|
|
12
|
Taylor PN, Albrecht D, Scholz A,
Gutierrez-Buey G, Lazarus JH, Dayan CM and Okosieme OE: Global
epidemiology of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Nat Rev
Endocrinol. 14:301–316. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
13
|
Liu YY and Brent GA: Thyroid hormone
crosstalk with nuclear receptor signaling in metabolic regulation.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 21:166–173. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
14
|
Mullur R, Liu YY and Brent GA: Thyroid
hormone regulation of metabolism. Physiol Rev. 94:355–382.
2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
15
|
Ridgway EC: Modern concepts of primary
thyroid gland failure. Clin Chem. 42:179–182. 1996.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
16
|
Abu-Helalah M, Alshraideh HA, Al-Sarayreh
SA, Al Shawabkeh AHK, Nesheiwat A, Younes N and Al-Hader A: A
cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of adult thyroid
dysfunction disorders in Jordan. Thyroid. 29:1052–1059.
2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
17
|
Asvold BO, Vatten LJ, Nilsen TIL and Bjøro
T: The association between TSH within the reference range and serum
lipid concentrations in a population-based study. The HUNT study.
Eur J Endocrinol. 156:181–186. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
18
|
Neves C, Alves M, Medina JL and Delgado
JL: Thyroid diseases, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular pathology.
Rev Port Cardiol. 27:1211–1236. 2008.PubMed/NCBI(In English, Portuguese).
|
|
19
|
Pappan N and Rehman A: Dyslipidemia. In:
StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
2022.
|
|
20
|
Krauss RM: Dietary and genetic probes of
atherogenic dyslipidemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol.
25:2265–2272. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
21
|
Ajlouni KM, Khawaja N, El-Khateeb M,
Batieha A and Farahid O: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in
Jordan: A national population-based survey. BMC Endocr Disord.
22(253)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
22
|
Zhang X, Wang X, Hu H, Qu H, Xu Y and Li
Q: Prevalence and trends of thyroid disease among adults,
1999-2018. Endocr Pract. 29:875–880. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
23
|
Garmendia Madariaga A, Santos Palacios S,
Guillén-Grima F and Galofré JC: The incidence and prevalence of
thyroid dysfunction in Europe: A meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol
Metab. 99:923–931. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
24
|
Atrooz OM, Hiresh MN, Dlewan AR, Atrooz
MO, Hiresh GN, Alasoufi AM and Atrooz IO: Prevalence of
dyslipidemia and the association with levels of TSH and T4 hormones
among patients in south region of Jordan. J Med Biochem.
42:706–713. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
25
|
Friedewald WT, Levy RI and Fredrickson DS:
Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein
cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative
ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 18:499–502. 1972.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
26
|
Friis T and Pedersen LR: Serum lipids in
hyper- and hypothyroidism before and after treatment. Clin Chim
Acta. 162:155–163. 1987.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
27
|
Canaris GJ, Manowitz NR, Mayor G and
Ridgway EC: The Colorado thyroid disease prevalence study. Arch
Intern Med. 160:526–534. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
28
|
Cooper DS and Biondi B: Subclinical
thyroid disease. Lancet. 379:1142–1154. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
29
|
Ross DS: Hypothyroidism during pregnancy:
clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. UpToDate
Waltham, MA (Accessed 8 Jun 2013), 2013.
|
|
30
|
Wang C and Crapo LM: The epidemiology of
thyroid disease and implications for screening. Endocrinol Metab
Clin North Am. 26:189–218. 1997.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
31
|
Mansfield BS, Bhana S and Raal FJ:
Dyslipidemia in South African patients with hypothyroidism. J Clin
Transl Endocrinol. 29(100302)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
32
|
Hueston WJ and Pearson WS: Subclinical
hypothyroidism and the risk of hypercholesterolemia. Ann Fam Med.
2:351–355. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
33
|
Jayasingh IA and Puthuran P: Subclinical
hypothyroidism and the risk of hypercholesterolemia. J Family Med
Prim Care. 5:809–816. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
34
|
Su X, Peng H, Chen X, Wu X and Wang B:
Hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism. Clin Chim Acta. 527:61–70.
2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
35
|
O'Brien T, Dinneen SF, O'Brien PC and
Palumbo PJ: Hyperlipidemia in patients with primary and secondary
hypothyroidism. Mayo Clin Proc. 68:860–866. 1993.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
36
|
Ahmed NU, Kabir MA, Razzak A and Akter S:
Relation of hypothyroidism on BMI and dyslipidemia. Med Today.
31:93–97. 2019.
|
|
37
|
Walsh JP, Bremner AP, Bulsara MK, O'leary
P, Leedman PJ, Feddema P and Michelangeli V: Thyroid dysfunction
and serum lipids: A community-based study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf).
63:670–675. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
38
|
Deschampheleire M, Luyckx FH and Scheen
AJ: Thyroid disorders and dyslipidemias. Rev Med Liege. 54:746–750.
1999.PubMed/NCBI(In French).
|
|
39
|
Ineck BA and Ng TMH: Effects of
subclinical hypothyroidism and its treatment on serum lipids. Ann
Pharmacother. 37:725–730. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
40
|
Jawzal K, Hami M, Mohammed L and Ibrahiem
A: The relationship between thyroid hormones and lipid profile in
subclinical hypothyroidism female patients. Baghdad J Biochem Appl
Biol Sci. 3:200–209. 2022.
|
|
41
|
Duntas LH and Brenta G: A renewed focus on
the association between thyroid hormones and lipid metabolism.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 9(511)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
42
|
Pearce EN: Update in lipid alterations in
subclinical hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 97:326–333.
2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
43
|
Chen C, Xie Z, Shen Y and Xia SF: The
roles of thyroid and thyroid hormone in pancreas: Physiology and
pathology. Int J Endocrinol. 2018(2861034)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
44
|
Lagrost L: Regulation of cholesteryl ester
transfer protein (CETP) activity: Review of in vitro and in vivo
studies. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1215:209–236. 1994.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
45
|
Faure P, Oziol L, Artur Y and Chomard P:
Thyroid hormone (T3) and its acetic derivative (TA3) protect
low-density lipoproteins from oxidation by different mechanisms.
Biochimie. 86:411–418. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
46
|
Moon JH, Kim HJ, Kim HM, Choi SH, Lim S,
Park YJ, Jang HC and Cha BS: Decreased expression of hepatic
low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 in
hypothyroidism: A novel mechanism of atherogenic dyslipidemia in
hypothyroidism. Thyroid. 23:1057–1065. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
47
|
Su X, Chen X, Peng H, Song J, Wang B and
Wu X: Novel insights into the pathological development of
dyslipidemia in patients with hypothyroidism. Bosn J Basic Med Sci.
22:326–339. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
48
|
Kuusi T, Saarinen P and Nikkilä EA:
Evidence for the role of hepatic endothelial lipase in the
metabolism of plasma high density lipoprotein2 in man.
Atherosclerosis. 36:589–593. 1980.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
49
|
Baral N, Lamsal M, Koner BC and Koirala S:
Thyroid dysfunction in eastern Nepal. Southeast Asian J Trop Med
Public Health. 33:638–641. 2002.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
50
|
Olmos RD, de Figueiredo RC, Aquino EM,
Lotufo PA and Bensenor IM: Gender, race and socioeconomic influence
on diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disorders in the Brazilian
longitudinal study of adult health (ELSA-Brasil). Braz J Med Biol
Res. 48:751–758. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
51
|
Santos Palacios S, Llavero Valero M,
Brugos-Larumbe A, Díez JJ, Guillén-Grima F and Galofré JC:
Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in a Large Southern European
Population. Analysis of modulatory factors. The APNA study. Clin
Endocrinol (Oxf). 89:367–375. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
52
|
Redmond GP: Thyroid dysfunction and
women's reproductive health. Thyroid. 14 (Suppl 1):S5–S15.
2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
53
|
Weetman AP: Immunity, thyroid function and
pregnancy: Molecular mechanisms. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 6:311–318.
2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
54
|
Kokandi AA, Parkes AB, Premawardhana LDKE,
John R and Lazarus JH: Association of postpartum thyroid
dysfunction with antepartum hormonal and immunological changes. J
Clin Endocrinol Metab. 88:1126–1132. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
