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Optimization of antioxidant activity of soursop (Annona muricata L.) leaf extract using response surface methodology

  • Authors:
    • Rika Hartati
    • Fahrani Meisya Rompis
    • Hegar Pramastya
    • Irda Fidrianny
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia
    Copyright: © Hartati et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 166
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    Published online on: September 9, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1854
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Abstract

Free radicals are inhibited by antioxidant compounds, which can be naturally sourced from soursop (Annona muricata L.). Extraction processes affect levels of antioxidant compounds in the extract. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the optimal extraction conditions for soursop leaves using maceration and pressing methods and determine the content of the flavonoid compound rutin in the optimized extract. The analysis was conducted to achieve maximum levels of 2.2‑diphenyl 1‑picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), as well as total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC), along with identification and determination of the flavonoid compounds in the optimized extract. Response surface methodology with Box‑Behnken model was applied, considering three extraction variables, including duration (10‑40 min), crude drug:solvent ratio (1:3‑1:10) and solvent concentration (70‑96% ethanol). Determination of antioxidant activity using the CUPRAC, FRAP and DPPH methods, as well as TPC and TFC levels, was carried out using ultraviolet‑visible spectrophotometry. Identification and determination of flavonoid compounds in optimized extract was performed by high‑performance liquid chromatography. The optimal extraction of soursop leaves by maceration and pressing was obtained at extraction duration of 10 min, crude drug:solvent ratio of 1.0:6.5 and a solvent concentration of 96%. These conditions produced TPC and TFC levels, DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP values 119.388±14.057 mg gallic acid equivalent/g, 91.212±4.796 mg quercetin equivalent/g and 189.095±15.931, 162.121±11.076 and 204.679±5.164 mg ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity/g respectively. In general, the flavonoid and phenol content in ethanol soursop leaf extract was associated with antioxidant activity of DPPH, CUPRAC and FRAP. Additionally, the optimized extract of soursop leaves contained a rutin compound (11.52±1.06 mg/g).
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Hartati R, Rompis FM, Pramastya H and Fidrianny I: Optimization of antioxidant activity of soursop (<em>Annona muricata</em> L.) leaf extract using response surface methodology. Biomed Rep 21: 166, 2024.
APA
Hartati, R., Rompis, F.M., Pramastya, H., & Fidrianny, I. (2024). Optimization of antioxidant activity of soursop (<em>Annona muricata</em> L.) leaf extract using response surface methodology. Biomedical Reports, 21, 166. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1854
MLA
Hartati, R., Rompis, F. M., Pramastya, H., Fidrianny, I."Optimization of antioxidant activity of soursop (<em>Annona muricata</em> L.) leaf extract using response surface methodology". Biomedical Reports 21.5 (2024): 166.
Chicago
Hartati, R., Rompis, F. M., Pramastya, H., Fidrianny, I."Optimization of antioxidant activity of soursop (<em>Annona muricata</em> L.) leaf extract using response surface methodology". Biomedical Reports 21, no. 5 (2024): 166. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1854
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Hartati R, Rompis FM, Pramastya H and Fidrianny I: Optimization of antioxidant activity of soursop (<em>Annona muricata</em> L.) leaf extract using response surface methodology. Biomed Rep 21: 166, 2024.
APA
Hartati, R., Rompis, F.M., Pramastya, H., & Fidrianny, I. (2024). Optimization of antioxidant activity of soursop (<em>Annona muricata</em> L.) leaf extract using response surface methodology. Biomedical Reports, 21, 166. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1854
MLA
Hartati, R., Rompis, F. M., Pramastya, H., Fidrianny, I."Optimization of antioxidant activity of soursop (<em>Annona muricata</em> L.) leaf extract using response surface methodology". Biomedical Reports 21.5 (2024): 166.
Chicago
Hartati, R., Rompis, F. M., Pramastya, H., Fidrianny, I."Optimization of antioxidant activity of soursop (<em>Annona muricata</em> L.) leaf extract using response surface methodology". Biomedical Reports 21, no. 5 (2024): 166. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1854
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