Relationship between remission rate of type 2 diabetes and skeletal muscle after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

Bariatric surgery can contribute to weight loss and the improvement of obesity‑related diseases. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is among the most frequently performed procedures worldwide, including in Japan. Skeletal muscle plays an essential role in energy metabolism and whole‑body glucose homeostasis, and diabetes decreases insulin‑induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. The present study investigated postoperative outcomes and factors related to type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission rates in LSG cases, including skeletal muscles. This retrospective study analyzed perioperative outcomes and factors associated with T2D remission after LSG, with a particular focus on skeletal muscle mass assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. LSG was performed on 90 patients between October 2016 and February 2024. First, the perioperative outcomes and weight loss effects in these 90 patients were examined. Muscle or skeletal mass perioperative factors were compared between patients with and without T2D remission. At 6 months after surgery, the median total weight loss was 21%, and the median excess weight loss was 52%. The rate of remission and improvement of T2D was 75%. The group that showed T2D remission generally had a significantly higher skeletal muscle mass or percentage throughout the preoperative and postoperative period (P<0.05). The remission rate of T2D after LSG was favorable, and a relationship was observed between T2D remission after LSG, and skeletal muscle mass before and after surgery.