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Article

Effects of intravenous diltiazem in a rat model of experimental coronary thrombotic microembolism

  • Authors:
    • Yupeng Bai
    • Liqun Hu
    • Jie Wu
    • Ye Gu
    • Lun Li
    • Bo Gao
    • Hong Jiang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, P.R. China, Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
  • Pages: 873-882
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    Published online on: August 16, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2013.1263
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of evaluating the therapeutic effects of intravenous diltiazem in a newly established rat model of coronary thrombotic microembolism (CME). CME was induced by injecting 0.199 ml saline containing 5 mg of automicrothrombotic particulates (~10 µm) into the aorta of Sprague Dawley rats. The injection was carried out over 10 sec using a tuberculin syringe with a 28‑gauge needle. The CME model rats were randomly divided into untreated (CME, n=38) and diltiazem‑treated (CME+DIL, n=38) groups. Diltiazem (1 mg/ml, 50 µg/min/kg) was intravenously injected using an infusion pump through the tail vein for 175 min, 5 min following the injection of the automicrothrombotic particulates. Hemodynamic measurements, echocardiography and pathohistological examinations were performed at various time-points (3 h, 24 h and 7 and 28 days) postoperatively. Arteriolar thrombosis, multifocal myocardial necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration with markedly increased myocardial tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‑α) and interleukin-6 (IL‑6) expression, reduced left ventricular (LV) systolic function and increased plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and serum c-troponin I (c-TnI) levels (indicating vascular endothelial injury and myocardial necrosis) were observed in the CME model rats. These pathological responses in CME rats were partly attenuated by intravenous diltiazem treatment. The present CME model is suitable for evaluating the therapeutic effects of intravenous diltiazem; intravenous diltiazem treatment significantly improved cardiac function through alleviating inflammatory responses and microvascular thrombotic injury in this rat model of CME.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Bai Y, Hu L, Wu J, Gu Y, Li L, Gao B and Jiang H: Effects of intravenous diltiazem in a rat model of experimental coronary thrombotic microembolism. Exp Ther Med 6: 873-882, 2013.
APA
Bai, Y., Hu, L., Wu, J., Gu, Y., Li, L., Gao, B., & Jiang, H. (2013). Effects of intravenous diltiazem in a rat model of experimental coronary thrombotic microembolism. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 6, 873-882. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2013.1263
MLA
Bai, Y., Hu, L., Wu, J., Gu, Y., Li, L., Gao, B., Jiang, H."Effects of intravenous diltiazem in a rat model of experimental coronary thrombotic microembolism". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 6.4 (2013): 873-882.
Chicago
Bai, Y., Hu, L., Wu, J., Gu, Y., Li, L., Gao, B., Jiang, H."Effects of intravenous diltiazem in a rat model of experimental coronary thrombotic microembolism". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 6, no. 4 (2013): 873-882. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2013.1263
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Bai Y, Hu L, Wu J, Gu Y, Li L, Gao B and Jiang H: Effects of intravenous diltiazem in a rat model of experimental coronary thrombotic microembolism. Exp Ther Med 6: 873-882, 2013.
APA
Bai, Y., Hu, L., Wu, J., Gu, Y., Li, L., Gao, B., & Jiang, H. (2013). Effects of intravenous diltiazem in a rat model of experimental coronary thrombotic microembolism. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 6, 873-882. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2013.1263
MLA
Bai, Y., Hu, L., Wu, J., Gu, Y., Li, L., Gao, B., Jiang, H."Effects of intravenous diltiazem in a rat model of experimental coronary thrombotic microembolism". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 6.4 (2013): 873-882.
Chicago
Bai, Y., Hu, L., Wu, J., Gu, Y., Li, L., Gao, B., Jiang, H."Effects of intravenous diltiazem in a rat model of experimental coronary thrombotic microembolism". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 6, no. 4 (2013): 873-882. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2013.1263
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