Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis in the THP1 cell line by downregulating EVI‑1

Zhou,Ling‑Yun; Chen,Fang‑Yuan; Shen,Li‑Jing; Wan,Hai‑Xia; Zhong,Ji‑Hua

doi:10.3892/etm.2014.1716

Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis in the THP1 cell line by downregulating EVI‑1

Authors:
- Ling‑Yun Zhou
- Fang‑Yuan Chen
- Li‑Jing Shen
- Hai‑Xia Wan
- Ji‑Hua Zhong
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Affiliations: Department of Hematology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
Published online on: May 15, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.1716
Pages: 85-90

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Abstract

Acute leukemia is a malignant clonal hematopoietic stem cell disease. In the current study, the effects of arsenic trioxide (ATO) on the ecotropic viral integration site‑1 (EVI‑1) gene were investigated in the THP1 cell line. THP-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of ATO (0, 1, 3 and 5 µM) for 24, 48 or 72 h, then tested for cell viability by CCK-8 kit, cell morphology by cytospin smear, cell apoptosis by flow cytometry, EVI-1 mRNA expression by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and protein quantity by western blot. ATO treatment was shown to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in THP1 cells in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner. ATO downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of EVI‑1 in the THP1 cell line. In addition, ATO significantly decreased the expression of antiapoptotic proteins, B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) and B cell lymphoma‑extra large (Bcl‑xL), but markedly increased the expression of proapoptotic proteins, including c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylated‑JNK, Bax, full length caspase‑3 and cleaved caspase‑3. These results indicated that ATO inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in THP1 cells partially via blocking the inhibitory effects of EVI‑1 on the JNK signaling pathway with the involvement of apoptosis‑associated proteins, including Bax, Bcl‑2, Bcl‑xL and caspase‑3. These novel observations may be used to elucidate the mechanism by which ATO induces apoptosis in acute leukemia cells, and provide rationales to develop a personalized medicine strategy for ATO via targeting EVI‑1 positive neoplasm.

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