Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
February-2015 Volume 9 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
February-2015 Volume 9 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

‘Cool and quiet’ therapy for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary clinical approach

  • Authors:
    • Yu-He Liu
    • Zhen-De Shang
    • Chao Chen
    • Nan Lu
    • Qi-Feng Liu
    • Ming Liu
    • Jing Yan
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, The 88th Hospital of PLA, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
  • Pages: 464-468
    |
    Published online on: December 15, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2130
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Malignant hyperthermia increases mortality and disability in patients with brain trauma. A clinical treatment for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury, termed ‘cool and quiet’ therapy by the authors of the current study, was investigated. Between June 2003 and June 2013, 110 consecutive patients with malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury were treated using mild hypothermia (35‑36˚C) associated with small doses of sedative and muscle relaxant. Physiological parameters and intracranial pressure were monitored, and the patients slowly rewarmed following the maintenance of mild hypothermia for 3-12 days. Consecutive patients who had undergone normothermia therapy were retrospectively analyzed as the control. In the mild hypothermia group, the recovery rate was 54.5%, the mortality rate was 22.7%, and the severe and mild disability rates were 11.8 and 10.9%, respectively. The mortality rate of the patients, particularly that of patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of between 3 and 5 differed significantly between the hypothermia group and the normothermia group (P<0.05). The mortality of patients with a GCS score of between 6 and 8 was not significantly different between the two groups (P> 0.05). The therapy using mild hypothermia with a combination of sedative and muscle relaxant was beneficial in decreasing the mortality of patients with malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury, particularly in patients with a GCS score within the range 3‑5 on admission. The therapy was found to be safe, effective and convenient. However, rigorous clinical trials are required to provide evidence of the effectiveness of ‘cool and quiet’ therapy for hyperthermia.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Li J and Jiang JY: Chinese Head Trauma Data Bank: effect of hyperthermia on the outcome of acute head trauma patients. J Neurotrauma. 29:96–100. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar :

2 

Ginsberg MD and Busto R: Combating hyperthermia in acute stroke: a significant clinical concern. Stroke. 29:529–534. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Wang CX, Stroink A, Casto JM and Kattner K: Hyperthermia exacerbates ischaemic brain injury. Int J Stroke. 4:274–284. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Cairns CJ and Andrews PJ: Management of hyperthermia in traumatic brain injury. Curr Opin Crit Care. 8:106–110. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Childs C, Wieloch T, Lecky F, Machin G, Harris B and Stocchetti N: Report of a consensus meeting on human brain temperature after severe traumatic brain injury: its measurement and management during pyrexia. Front Neurol. 1:1462010. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Jiang JY, Gao GY, Li WP, et al: Early indicators of prognosis in 846 cases of severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 19:869–874. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Natale JE, Joseph JG, Helfaer MA and Shaffner DH: Early hyperthermia after traumatic brain injury in children: risk factors, influence on length of stay, and effect on short-term neurologic status. Crit Care Med. 28:2608–2615. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Tokutomi T, Morimoto K, Miyagi T, et al: Optimal temperature for the management of severe traumatic brain injury: effect of hypothermia on intracranial pressure, systemic and intracranial hemodynamics, and metabolism. Neurosurgery. 52:102–112. 2003.

9 

Stiefel MF, Spiotta A, Gracias VH, et al: Reduced mortality rate in patients with severe traumatic brain injury treated with brain tissue oxygen monitoring. J Neurosurg. 103:805–811. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Dietrich WD and Bramlett HM: The evidence for hypothermia as a neuroprotectant in traumatic brain injury. Neurotherapeutics. 7:43–50. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Yokobori S, Frantzen J, Bullock R, Gajavelli S, Burks S, Bramlett H and Dietrich WD: The use of hypothermia therapy in traumatic ischemic/reperfusional brain injury: review of the literatures. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag. 1:185–192. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Globus MY, Alonso O, Dietrich WD, Busto R and Ginsberg MD: Glutamate release and free radical production following brain injury: effects of posttraumatic hypothermia. J Neurochem. 65:1704–1711. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Maeda T, Katayama Y, Kawamata T and Yamamoto T: Mechanisms of excitatory amino acid release in contused brain tissue: effects of hypothermia and in situ administration of Co2+ on extracellular levels of glutamate. J Neurotrauma. 15:655–664. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Mori K, Maeda M, Miyazaki M and Iwase H: Effects of mild (33 degrees C) and moderate (29 degrees C) hypothermia on cerebral blood flow and metabolism, lactate, and extracellular glutamate in experimental head injury. Neurol Res. 20:719–726. 1998.PubMed/NCBI

15 

Mitani A, Kadoya F and Kataoka K: Temperature dependence of hypoxia-induced calcium accumulation in gerbil hippocampal slices. Brain Res. 562:159–163. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Chatzipanteli K, Wada K, Busto R and Dietrich WD: Effects of moderate hypothermia on constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase activities after traumatic brain injury in the rat. J Neurochem. 72:2047–2052. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Sakamoto KI, Fujisawa H, Koizumi H, Tsuchida E, Ito H, Sadamitsu D and Maekawa T: Effects of mild hypothermia on nitric oxide synthesis following contusion trauma in the rat. J Neurotrauma. 14:349–353. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Choi HA, Badjatia N and Mayer SA: Hypothermia for acute brain injury - mechanisms and practical aspects. Nat Rev Neurol. 8:214–222. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

19 

Clifton GL, Miller ER, Choi SC, et al: Lack of effect of induction of hypothermia after acute brain injury. N Engl J Med. 344:556–563. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Clifton MG, Valadka PA, Aisuku IP and Okonkwo DO: Future of rewarming in therapeutic hypothermia for traumatic brain injury: a personalized plan. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag. 1:3–7. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Tokutomi T, Morimoto K, Miyagi T, Yamaguchi S, Ishikawa K and Shigemori M: Optimal temperature for the management of severe traumatic brain injury: effect of hypothermia on intracranial pressure, systemic and intracranial hemodynamics, and metabolism. Neurosurgery. 52:102–112. 2003.

22 

Soukup J, Zauner A, Doppenberg EM, Menzel M, Gilman C, Young HF and Bullock R: The importance of brain temperature in patients after severe head injury: relationship to intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, cerebral blood flow, and outcome. J Neurotrauma. 19:559–571. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Dearden NM, Gibson JS, McDowall DG, Gibson RM and Cameron MM: Effect of high-dose dexamethasone on outcome from severe head injury. J Neurosurg. 64:81–88. 1986. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Cooper PR, Moody S, Clark WK, Kirkpatrick J, Maravilla K, Gould AL and Drane W: Dexamethasone and severe head injury. A prospective double-blind study. J Neurosurg. 51:307–316. 1979. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Piek J, Chesnut RM, Marshall LF, et al: Extracranial complications of severe head injury. J Neurosurg. 77:901–907. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Halloran LG, Zfass AM, Gayle WE, Wheeler CB and Miller JD: Prevention of acute gastrointestinal complications after severe head injury: a controlled trial of cimetidine prophylaxis. Am J Surg. 139:44–48. 1980. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Jeremitsky E, Omert LA, Dunham CM, Wilberger J and Rodriguez A: The impact of hyperglycemia on patients with severe brain injury. J Trauma. 58:47–50. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Clifton GL, Robertson CS, Grossman RG, Hodge S, Foltz R and Garza C: The metabolic response to severe head injury. J Neurosurg. 60:687–696. 1984. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Mayumi H, Zhang QW, Nakashima A, Masuda M, Kohno H, Kawachi Y and Yasui H: Synergistic immunosuppression caused by high-dose methylprednisolone and cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg. 63:129–137. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Groysman LI, Emanuel BA, Kim-Tenser MA, Sung GY and Mack WJ: Therapeutic hypothermia in acute ischemic stroke. Neurosurg Focus. 30:E172011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Geffroy A, Bronchard R, Merckx P, Seince PF, Faillot T, Albaladejo P and Marty J: Severe traumatic head injury in adults: which patients are at risk of early hyperthermia? Intensive Care Med. 30:785–790. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Liu Y, Shang Z, Chen C, Lu N, Liu Q, Liu M and Yan J: ‘Cool and quiet’ therapy for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary clinical approach. Exp Ther Med 9: 464-468, 2015.
APA
Liu, Y., Shang, Z., Chen, C., Lu, N., Liu, Q., Liu, M., & Yan, J. (2015). ‘Cool and quiet’ therapy for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary clinical approach. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 9, 464-468. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2130
MLA
Liu, Y., Shang, Z., Chen, C., Lu, N., Liu, Q., Liu, M., Yan, J."‘Cool and quiet’ therapy for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary clinical approach". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 9.2 (2015): 464-468.
Chicago
Liu, Y., Shang, Z., Chen, C., Lu, N., Liu, Q., Liu, M., Yan, J."‘Cool and quiet’ therapy for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary clinical approach". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 9, no. 2 (2015): 464-468. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2130
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Liu Y, Shang Z, Chen C, Lu N, Liu Q, Liu M and Yan J: ‘Cool and quiet’ therapy for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary clinical approach. Exp Ther Med 9: 464-468, 2015.
APA
Liu, Y., Shang, Z., Chen, C., Lu, N., Liu, Q., Liu, M., & Yan, J. (2015). ‘Cool and quiet’ therapy for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary clinical approach. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 9, 464-468. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2130
MLA
Liu, Y., Shang, Z., Chen, C., Lu, N., Liu, Q., Liu, M., Yan, J."‘Cool and quiet’ therapy for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary clinical approach". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 9.2 (2015): 464-468.
Chicago
Liu, Y., Shang, Z., Chen, C., Lu, N., Liu, Q., Liu, M., Yan, J."‘Cool and quiet’ therapy for malignant hyperthermia following severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary clinical approach". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 9, no. 2 (2015): 464-468. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2130
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team