|
1
|
Hotchkiss RS and Karl IE: The
pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis. N Engl J Med. 348:138–150.
2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
2
|
Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S and Moss M:
The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through
2000. N Engl J Med. 348:1546–1554. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
3
|
Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J,
Clermont G, Carcillo J and Pinsky MR: Epidemiology of severe sepsis
in the United States: Analysis of incidence, outcome, and
associated costs of care. Crit Care Med. 29:1303–1310. 2001.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
4
|
Parrillo JE, Parker MM, Natanson C,
Suffredini AF, Danner RL, Cunnion RE and Ognibene FP: Septic shock
in humans. Advances in the understanding of pathogenesis,
cardiovascular dysfunction, and therapy. Ann Intern Med.
113:227–242. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
5
|
Pinsky MR, Vincent JL, Deviere J, Alegre
M, Kahn RJ and Dupont E: Serum cytokine levels in human septic
shock. Relation to multiple-system organ failure and mortality.
Chest. 103:565–575. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
6
|
Blackwell TS and Christman JW: Sepsis and
cytokines: Current status. Br J Anaesth. 77:110–117. 1996.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
7
|
Ashour ML and Wink M: Genus Bupleurum: A
review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology and modes of action. J
Pharm Pharmacol. 63:305–321. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
8
|
Park KH, Park J, Koh D and Lim Y: Effect
of saikosaponin-A, a triterpenoid glycoside, isolated from
Bupleurum falcatum on experimental allergic asthma. Phytother Res.
16:359–363. 2002. View
Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
9
|
Lu CN, Yuan ZG, Zhang XL, Yan R, Zhao YQ,
Liao M and Chen JX: Saikosaponin a and its epimer saikosaponin d
exhibit anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing activation of
NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol. 14:121–126. 2012.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
10
|
Kim SO, Park JY, Jeon SY, Yang CH and Kim
MR: Saikosaponin a, an active compound of Radix Bupleuri,
attenuates inflammation in hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes via
ERK/NF-κB signaling pathways. Int J Mol Med. 35:1126–1132.
2015.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
11
|
Rittirsch D, Huber-Lang MS, Flierl MA and
Ward PA: Immunodesign of experimental sepsis by cecal ligation and
puncture. Nat Protoc. 4:31–36. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
12
|
Fry DE: Sepsis, systemic inflammatory
response, and multiple organ dysfunction: The mystery continues. Am
Surg. 78:1–8. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
13
|
Yu M, Shao D, Liu J, Zhu J, Zhang Z and Xu
J: Effects of ketamine on levels of cytokines, NF-kappaB and TLRs
in rat intestine during CLP-induced sepsis. Int Immunopharmacol.
7:1076–1082. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
14
|
Zhu J, Luo C, Wang P, He Q, Zhou J and
Peng H: Saikosaponin A mediates the inflammatory response by
inhibiting the MAPK and NF-κB pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7
cells. Exp Ther Med. 5:1345–1350. 2013.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
15
|
Han NR, Kim HM and Jeong HJ: Inactivation
of cystein-aspartic acid protease (caspase)-1 by saikosaponin A.
Biol Pharm Bull. 34:817–823. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
16
|
Sun Y, Cai TT, Zhou XB and Xu Q:
Saikosaponin A inhibits the proliferation and activation of T cells
through cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Int
Immunopharmacol. 9:978–983. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
17
|
Wu SJ, Lin YH, Chu CC, Tsai YH and Chao
JC: Curcumin or saikosaponin A improves hepatic antioxidant
capacity and protects against CCl4-induced liver injury
in rats. J Med Food. 11:224–229. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
18
|
Wu SJ, Tam KW, Tsai YH, Chang CC and Chao
JC: Curcumin and saikosaponin A inhibit chemical-induced liver
inflammation and fibrosis in rats. Am J Chin Med. 38:99–111. 2010.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
19
|
Hayden MS and Ghosh S: Shared principles
in NF-kappaB signaling. Cell. 132:344–362. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
20
|
Arnalich F, Garcia-Palomero E, López J,
Jiménez M, Madero R, Renart J, Vázquez JJ and Montiel C: Predictive
value of nuclear factor kappaB activity and plasma cytokine levels
in patients with sepsis. Infect Immun. 68:1942–1945. 2000.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
21
|
Feng X, Ren B, Xie W, Huang Z, Liu J, Guan
R, Duan M and Xu J: Influence of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 in
pulmonary neutrophil recruitment and acute lung injury during
polymicrobial sepsis in rats. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand.
50:1081–1088. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
22
|
Feng X, Yan W, Liu X, Duan M, Zhang X and
Xu J: Effects of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 on pulmonary capillary
leakage and cytokines production and NF-kappaB activation in
CLP-induced sepsis in rats. J Surg Res. 135:129–136. 2006.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
23
|
Frutuoso MS, Hori JI, Pereira MS, Junior
DS, Sônego F, Kobayashi KS, Flavell RA, Cunha FQ and Zamboni DS:
The pattern recognition receptors Nod1 and Nod2 account for
neutrophil recruitment to the lungs of mice infected with
Legionella pneumophila. Microbes Infect. 12:819–827. 2010.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
24
|
Hasegawa M, Fujimoto Y, Lucas PC, Nakano
H, Fukase K, Núñez G and Inohara N: A critical role of RICK/RIP2
polyubiquitination in Nod-induced NF-kappaB activation. EMBO J.
27:373–383. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
25
|
Magalhaes JG, Lee J, Geddes K, Rubino S,
Philpott DJ and Girardin SE: Essential role of Rip2 in the
modulation of innate and adaptive immunity triggered by Nod1 and
Nod2 ligands. Eur J Immunol. 41:1445–1455. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
26
|
Hu C, Sun L, Hu Y, Lu D, Wang H and Tang
S: Functional characterization of the NF-kappaB binding site in the
human NOD2 promoter. Cell Mol Immunol. 7:288–295. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
27
|
Brenmoehl J, Herfarth H, Glück T, Audebert
F, Barlage S, Schmitz G, Froehlich D, Schreiber S, Hampe J,
Schölmerich J, et al: Genetic variants in the NOD2/CARD15 gene are
associated with early mortality in sepsis patients. Intensive Care
Med. 33:1541–1548. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
28
|
Girardin E, Grau GE, Dayer JM,
Roux-Lombard P and Lambert PH: Tumor necrosis factor and
interleukin-1 in the serum of children with severe infectious
purpura. N Engl J Med. 319:397–400. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
29
|
Damas P, Ledoux D, Nys M, Vrindts Y, De
Groote D, Franchimont P and Lamy M: Cytokine serum level during
severe sepsis in human IL-6 as a marker of severity. Ann Surg.
215:356–362. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
30
|
Wang P, Wu P, Siegel MI, Egan RW and
Billah MM: Interleukin (IL)-10 inhibits nuclear factor kappaB (NF
kappaB) activation in human monocytes. IL-10 and IL-4 suppress
cytokine synthesis by different mechanisms. J Biol Chem.
270:9558–9563. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
31
|
Lentsch AB, Shanley TP, Sarma V and Ward
PA: In vivo suppression of NF-kappaB and preservation of I kappaB
alpha by interleukin-10 and interleukin-13. J Clin Invest.
100:2443–2448. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
