Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
March-2016 Volume 11 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March-2016 Volume 11 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Lipid-lysine adducts and modified tyrosines as markers of oxidative stress in the second trimester of pregnancy and their association with infant characteristics

  • Authors:
    • Barbara Rejc
    • Yoji Kato
    • Natasa Karas‑Kuzelicki
    • Josko Osredkar
    • Ksenija Gersak
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo 670‑00092, Japan, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia, Clinical Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1525, Slovenia
  • Pages: 797-805
    |
    Published online on: January 12, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2985
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Pregnancy is a physiological state accompanied by excessive levels of oxidative stress (OS), due to the increased demand and utilisation of oxygen. There is increasing evidence that maternally augmented OS exerts an adverse effect on pregnancy outcome. The aim of the present prospective study was to determine the association between the urinary concentration of relatively novel OS markers measured in the second trimester of pregnancy and the infant characteristics at birth. The maternal levels of urinary hexanoyl‑lysine (HEL), propanoyl‑lysine (PRL), dityrosine (DiY) and 3‑nitrotyrosine (NY) were evaluated in generally healthy pregnant subjects to determine their association with birth weight, gestation at delivery and Apgar score. The observed levels of the markers were in agreement with those measured in healthy non‑pregnant subjects in a previous study. A positive correlation was detected between HEL and PRL, as well as between HEL and DiY. Although the absence of a correlation between NY and the other markers has been previously noted in a non‑pregnant population, a positive correlation in the pair PRL‑NY (r=0.367; P<0.001) was observed in the present study. Maternal cigarette smoking was associated with increased urinary PRL levels (P=0.034). The most notable observation in the present study was that high levels of PRL and NY were associated with low Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after birth (OR, 1.098 and 2.084 for PRL and NY, respectively; P<0.05). However, poor predictive accuracy was shown. For NY, the following results were obtained: Area under the curve (AUC), 0.818; sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 57%; positive predictive value (PPV), 11.54%; and negative predictive value (NPV), 100%. For PLR the values were as follows: AUC, 0.802; sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 62.6%; PPV, 13.05%; and NPV, 100%. DiY was negatively associated with preterm birth risk (OR=0.703; P=0.028). In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated the presence of OS in the second trimester of pregnancy, which was detected with damage to lipids and proteins and associated with an adverse Apgar score; however, the selected urinary markers exhibited poor positive predictive efficacy.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Jauniaux E, Poston L and Burton GJ: Placental-related diseases of pregnancy: Involvement of oxidative stress and implications in human evolution. Hum Reprod Update. 12:747–755. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Myatt L and Cui XL: Oxidative stress in placenta. Histochem Cell Biol. 122:369–382. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Toescu V, Nuttall S, Martin U, Kendall M and Dunne F: Oxidative stress and normal pregnancy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 57:609–613. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Hung TH, Lo LM, Chiu TH, Li MJ, Yeh YL, Chen SF and Hsieh TT: A Longitudinal study of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in women with uncomplicated pregnancies throughout gestation. Reprod Sci. 17:401–409. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Osredkar J: Oxidative stress. Zdrav Vestn. 81:393–406. 2012.(In Slovenian).

6 

Sies H: Oxidative stress: Oxidants and antioxidants. Exp Physiol. 82:291–295. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Burton GJ and Jauniaux E: Oxidative stress. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 25:287–299. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Halliwell B and Chirico S: Lipid peroxidation: Its mechanism, measurement and significance. Am J Clin Nutr. 57(Suppl 5): 715S–724S. 1993.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Kato Y and Osawa T: Detection of lipid-lysine amide-type adduct as a marker of PUFA oxidation and its applications. Arch Biochem Biophys. 501:182–187. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Kato Y and Osawa T: Detection of a lipid-lysine adduct family with an amide bond as the linkage: Novel markers for lipid-derived protein modifications. Methods Mol Biol. 580:129–141. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

11 

Hisaka S, Kato Y, Kitamoto N, Yoshida A, Kubushiro Y, Naito M and Osawa T: Chemical and immunochemical identification of propanoyllysine derived from oxidized n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid. Free Radic Biol Med. 46:1463–1471. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Kato Y, Yoshida A, Naito M, Kawai Y, Tsuji K, Kitamura M, Kitamoto N and Osawa T: Identification and quantification of N(epsilon)-(Hexanoyl)lysine in human urine by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Free Radic Biol Med. 37:1864–1874. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Tokuda F, Sando Y, Matsui H and Yokoyama T: N epsilon-(hexanoyl) lysine, a new oxidative stress marker, is increased in metabolic syndrome, but not in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Med Sci. 338:127–133. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Kageyama Y, Takahashi M, Nagafusa T, Torikai E and Nagano A: Etanercept reduces the oxidative stress marker levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int. 28:245–251. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Shimizu K, Ogawa F, Akiyama Y, Muroi E, Yoshizaki A, Iwata Y, Komura K, Bae S and Sato S: Increased serum levels of N(epsilon)-(hexanoyl)lysine, a new marker of oxidative stress, in systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol. 35:2214–2219. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Kato Y, Dozaki N, Nakamura T, Kitamoto N, Yoshida A, Naito M, Kitamura M and Osawa T: Quantification of modified tyrosines in healthy and diabetic human urine using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 44:67–78. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

DiMarco T and Giulivi C: Current analytical methods for the detection of dityrosine, a biomarker of oxidative stress, in biological samples. Mass Spectrom Rev. 26:108–120. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Giulivi C, Traaseth NJ and Davies JA: Tyrosine oxidation products: Analysis and biological relevance. Amino Acids. 25:227–232. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Chen X and Scholl TO: Oxidative stress: Changes in pregnancy and with gestational diabetes mellitus. Curr Diab Rep. 5:282–288. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Min J, Park B, Kim YJ, Lee H, Ha E and Park H: Effect of oxidative stress on birth size: Consideration of window from mid pregnancy to delivery. Placenta. 30:418–423. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Longini M, Perrone S, Kenanidis A, Vezzosi P, Marzocchi B, Petraglia F, Centini G and Buonocore G: Isoprostanes in amniotic fluid: A predictive marker for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy. Free Radic Biol Med. 38:1537–1541. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Stein TP, Scholl TO, Schulter MD, Leskiw MJ, Chen X, Spur BW and Rodriguez A: Oxidative stress early in pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. Free Radic Res. 42:841–848. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Hsieh TT, Chen SF, Lo LM, Li MJ, Yeh YL and Hung TH: The association between maternal oxidative stress at mid-gestation and subsequent pregnancy complications. Reprod Sci. 19:505–512. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Apgar V: A proposal for a new method of evaluation of the newborn infant. Originally published in July 1953, volume 32, pages 250–259. Anesth Analg. 120:1056–1059. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Orhan H, Coolen S and Meerman JH: Quantification of urinary o,o-dityrosine, a biomarker of oxidative damage to proteins, by high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. A comparison with ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 827:104–108. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Tsikas D, Mitschke A, Suchy MT, Gutzki FM and Stichtenoth DO: Determination of 3-nitrotyrosine in human urine at the basal state by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and evaluation of the excretion after oral intake. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 827:146–156. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Figueras F, Meler E, Eixarch E, Francis A, Coll O, Gratacos E and Gardosi J: Association of smoking during pregnancy and fetal growth restriction: Subgroups of higher susceptibility. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 138:171–175. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Raatikainen K, Huurinainen P and Heinonen S: Smoking in early gestation or through pregnancy: A decision crucial to pregnancy outcome. Prev Med. 44:59–63. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Windham GC, Hopkins B, Fenster L and Swan SH: Prenatal active or passive tobacco smoke exposure and the risk of preterm delivery or low birth weight. Epidemiology. 11:427–433. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Yerushalmy J: The relationship of parents' cigarette smoking to outcome of pregnancy-implication as to the problem of inferring causation from observed associations. Am J Epidemiol. 93:443–456. 1971.PubMed/NCBI

31 

Seet RC, Lee CY, Loke WM, Huang SH, Huang H, Looi WF, Chew ES, Quek AM, Lim EC and Halliwell B: Biomarkers of oxidative damage in cigarette smokers: Which biomarkers might reflect acute versus chronic oxidative stress? Free Radic Biol Med. 50:1787–1793. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Campos C, Guzmán R, López-Fernández E and Casado Á: Urinary biomarkers of oxidative/nitrosative stress in healthy smokers. Inhal Toxicol. 23:148–156. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Sakano N, Takahashi N, Wang DH, Sauriasari R, Takemoto K, Kanbara S, Sato Y, Takigawa T, Takaki J and Ogino K: Plasma 3-nitrotyrosine, urinary 8-isoprostane and 8-OHdG among healthy Japanese people. Free Radic Res. 43:183–192. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Zhang WZ, Lang C and Kaye DM: Determination of plasma free 3-nitrotyrosine and tyrosine by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with 4-fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan derivatization. Biomed Chromatogr. 21:273–278. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Rummenie VT, Matsumoto Y, Dogru M, Wang Y, Hu Y, Ward SK, Igarashi A, Wakamatsu T, Ibrahim O, Goto E, et al: Tear cytokine and ocular surface alterations following brief passive cigarette smoke exposure. Cytokine. 43:200–208. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Malti N, Merzouk H, Merzouk SA, Loukidi B, Karaouzene N, Malti A and Narce M: Oxidative stress and maternal obesity: Feto-placental unit interaction. Placenta. 35:411–416. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Keaney JF Jr..Larson MG, Vasan RS, Wilson PW, Lipinska I, Corey D, Massaro JM, Sutherland P, Vita JA and Benjamin EJ: Framingham Study: Obesity and systemic oxidant stress: Clinical correlates of oxidative stress in the Framingham Study. Arteroscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 23:434–439. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Fernández-Sánchez A, Madrigal-Santillán E, Bautista M, Esquivel-Soto J, Morales-González A, Esquivel-Chirino C, Durante-Montiel I, Sánchez-Rivera G, Valadez-Vega C and Morales-González JA: Inflammation, oxidative stress and obesity. Int J Mol Sci. 12:3117–3132. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Jacob KD, Hooten Noren N, Trzeciak AR and Evans MK: Markers of oxidant stress that is clinically relevant in aging and age-related disease. Mech Ageing Dev. 134:139–157. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Reyes MR, Sifuentes-Alvarez A and Lazalde B: Estrogens are potentially the only steroids with an antioxidant role in pregnancy: In vitro evidence. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 85:1090–1093. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Casey BM, McIntire DD and Leveno KJ: The continuing value of the Apgar score for the assessment of newborn infants. N Engl J Med. 344:467–471. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Rejc B, Kato Y, Karas‑Kuzelicki N, Osredkar J and Gersak K: Lipid-lysine adducts and modified tyrosines as markers of oxidative stress in the second trimester of pregnancy and their association with infant characteristics. Exp Ther Med 11: 797-805, 2016.
APA
Rejc, B., Kato, Y., Karas‑Kuzelicki, N., Osredkar, J., & Gersak, K. (2016). Lipid-lysine adducts and modified tyrosines as markers of oxidative stress in the second trimester of pregnancy and their association with infant characteristics. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 11, 797-805. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2985
MLA
Rejc, B., Kato, Y., Karas‑Kuzelicki, N., Osredkar, J., Gersak, K."Lipid-lysine adducts and modified tyrosines as markers of oxidative stress in the second trimester of pregnancy and their association with infant characteristics". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11.3 (2016): 797-805.
Chicago
Rejc, B., Kato, Y., Karas‑Kuzelicki, N., Osredkar, J., Gersak, K."Lipid-lysine adducts and modified tyrosines as markers of oxidative stress in the second trimester of pregnancy and their association with infant characteristics". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11, no. 3 (2016): 797-805. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2985
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Rejc B, Kato Y, Karas‑Kuzelicki N, Osredkar J and Gersak K: Lipid-lysine adducts and modified tyrosines as markers of oxidative stress in the second trimester of pregnancy and their association with infant characteristics. Exp Ther Med 11: 797-805, 2016.
APA
Rejc, B., Kato, Y., Karas‑Kuzelicki, N., Osredkar, J., & Gersak, K. (2016). Lipid-lysine adducts and modified tyrosines as markers of oxidative stress in the second trimester of pregnancy and their association with infant characteristics. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 11, 797-805. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2985
MLA
Rejc, B., Kato, Y., Karas‑Kuzelicki, N., Osredkar, J., Gersak, K."Lipid-lysine adducts and modified tyrosines as markers of oxidative stress in the second trimester of pregnancy and their association with infant characteristics". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11.3 (2016): 797-805.
Chicago
Rejc, B., Kato, Y., Karas‑Kuzelicki, N., Osredkar, J., Gersak, K."Lipid-lysine adducts and modified tyrosines as markers of oxidative stress in the second trimester of pregnancy and their association with infant characteristics". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11, no. 3 (2016): 797-805. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2985
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team