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Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity of fixed oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in diabetic rats

  • Authors:
    • Thamolwan Suanarunsawat
    • Gun Anantasomboon
    • Chutchai Piewbang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Vjira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand, Anatomy Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Rangsit University, Pathumtani 12000, Thailand, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
    Copyright: © Suanarunsawat et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 832-840
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    Published online on: January 13, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2991
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Abstract

Ocimum sanctum L. (OS) leaves have been shown to exert diverse potential benefits in a variety of stress conditions. The present study was conducted to elucidate the effects of the fixed oil extracted from OS leaves on the blood glucose levels and serum lipid profile of streptozotocin‑induced diabetic rats. In addition, the anti‑oxidative activity of OS leaves to protect various organs including the liver, kidney and heart was investigated. The fixed oil of the OS leaves was extracted using hexane, and the various fatty acid contents of the oil were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Male Wistar rats were allocated into three groups (n=7 per group): Normal control rats, diabetic rats and diabetic rats fed daily with the fixed oil for three weeks. The results showed that α‑linolenic acid was the primary fatty acid contained in the fixed oil of OS. After 3 weeks of diabetic induction, the rats exhibited increased blood glucose levels and serum lipid profile, in addition to elevated serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase MB subunit (CK‑MB), creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The fixed oil significantly decreased the elevated levels of blood glucose, the serum lipid profile and the levels of serum creatinine and BUN (P<0.001), without exerting significant effects on the elevated serum levels of AST, ALT, LDH and CK‑MB. Furthermore, the fixed oil increased the diabetically‑reduced levels of serum insulin and decreased the rat kidney weight. Fixed oil suppressed the elevated thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level and increased the activity of various antioxidative enzymes in the rat renal tissue. By contrast, the fixed oil had no effect on the elevated TBARS level and the inhibited activity of the antioxidative enzymes in the rat liver and cardiac tissues. Histopathological results indicated that the fixed oil preserved the renal tissue against oxidative stress in diabetes. In summary, the results of the present study suggest that the fixed oil extracted from OS leaves exerted anti‑hyperglycemic, anti‑hyperlipidemic and free radical scavenging effects in diabetic rats, thus providing renal protection against diabetes. The α-linolenic acid contained in the fixed oil may be responsible for these effects.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Suanarunsawat T, Anantasomboon G and Piewbang C: Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity of fixed oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in diabetic rats. Exp Ther Med 11: 832-840, 2016.
APA
Suanarunsawat, T., Anantasomboon, G., & Piewbang, C. (2016). Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity of fixed oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in diabetic rats. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 11, 832-840. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2991
MLA
Suanarunsawat, T., Anantasomboon, G., Piewbang, C."Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity of fixed oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in diabetic rats". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11.3 (2016): 832-840.
Chicago
Suanarunsawat, T., Anantasomboon, G., Piewbang, C."Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity of fixed oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in diabetic rats". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11, no. 3 (2016): 832-840. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2991
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Suanarunsawat T, Anantasomboon G and Piewbang C: Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity of fixed oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in diabetic rats. Exp Ther Med 11: 832-840, 2016.
APA
Suanarunsawat, T., Anantasomboon, G., & Piewbang, C. (2016). Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity of fixed oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in diabetic rats. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 11, 832-840. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2991
MLA
Suanarunsawat, T., Anantasomboon, G., Piewbang, C."Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity of fixed oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in diabetic rats". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11.3 (2016): 832-840.
Chicago
Suanarunsawat, T., Anantasomboon, G., Piewbang, C."Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity of fixed oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in diabetic rats". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11, no. 3 (2016): 832-840. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.2991
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