Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
July-2016 Volume 12 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2016 Volume 12 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review

Vitamin E slows down the progression of osteoarthritis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Xi Li
    • Zhongli Dong
    • Fuhou Zhang
    • Junjie Dong
    • Yuan Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
  • Pages: 18-22
    |
    Published online on: May 10, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3322
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative joint disorder with the characteristics of articular cartilage destruction, subchondral bone alterations and synovitis. Clinical signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis include pain, stiffness, restricted motion and crepitus. It is the major cause of joint dysfunction in developed nations and has enormous social and economic consequences. Current treatments focus on symptomatic relief, however, they lack efficacy in controlling the progression of this disease, which is a leading cause of disability. Vitamin E is safe to use and may delay the progression of osteoarthritis by acting on several aspects of the disease. In this review, how vitamin E may promote the maintenance of skeletal muscle and the regulation of nucleic acid metabolism to delay osteoarthritis progression is explored. In addition, how vitamin E may maintain the function of sex organs and the stability of mast cells, thus conferring a greater resistance to the underlying disease process is also discussed. Finally, the protective effect of vitamin E on the subchondral vascular system, which decreases the reactive remodeling in osteoarthritis, is reviewed.
View Figures

Figure 1

View References

1 

Dieppe PA and Lohmander LS: Pathogenesis and management of pain in osteoarthritis. Lancet. 365:965–973. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Benito MJ, Veale DJ, FitzGerald O, van den Berg WB and Bresnihan B: Synovial tissue inflammation in early and late osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 64:1263–1267. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Goldring MB and Goldring SR: Osteoarthritis. J Cell Physiol. 213:626–634. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Kerkhof HJ, Doherty M, Arden NK, Abramson SB, Attur M, Bos SD, Cooper C, Dennison EM, Doherty SA, Evangelou E, et al: Large-scale meta-analysis of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist polymorphisms on risk of radiographic hip and knee osteoarthritis and severity of knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 19:265–271. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Aigner T, Sachse A, Gebhard PM and Roach HI: Osteoarthritis: Pathobiology-targets and ways for therapeutic intervention. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 58:128–149. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Luyten FP, Tylzanowski P and Lories RJ: Wnt signaling and osteoarthritis. Bone. 44:522–527. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Alcaraz MJ, Megías J, García-Arnandis I, Clérigues V and Guillén MI: New molecular targets for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Biochem Pharmacol. 80:13–21. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Trijau S, Avouac J, Escalas C, Gossec L and Dougados M: Influence of flare design on symptomatic efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 18:1012–1018. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Azzi A, Gysin R, Kempná P, Ricciarelli R, Villacorta L, Visarius T and Zingg JM: The role of alpha-tocopherol in preventing disease: From epidemiology to molecular events. Mol Aspects Med. 24:325–336. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Bourne N, Wathes DC, Lawrence KE, McGowan M and Laven RA: The effect of parenteral supplementation of vitamin E with selenium on the health and productivity of dairy cattle in the UK. Vet J. 177:381–387. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Chang CK, Huang HY, Tseng HF, Hsuuw YD and Tso TK: Interaction of vitamin E and exercise training on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities in rat skeletal muscles. J Nutr Biochem. 18:39–45. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Nunes VA, Gozzo AJ, Cruz-Silva I, Juliano MA, Viel TA, Godinho RO, Meirelles FV, Sampaio MU, Sampaio CA and Araujo MS: Vitamin E prevents cell death induced by mild oxidative stress in chicken skeletal muscle cells. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 141:225–240. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Rehan Youssef A, Longino D, Seerattan R, Leonard T and Herzog W: Muscle weakness causes joint degeneration in rabbits. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 17:1228–1235. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Clavel S, Farout L, Briand M, Briand Y and Jouanel P: Effect of endurance training and/or fish oil supplemented diet on cytoplasmic fatty acid binding protein in rat skeletal muscles and heart. Eur J Appl Physiol. 87:193–201. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Abel K, Reneland R, Kammerer S, Mah S, Hoyal C, Cantor CR, Nelson MR and Braun A: Genome-wide SNP association: Identification of susceptibility alleles for osteoarthritis. Autoimmun Rev. 5:258–263. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Hartmann A, Niess AM, Grünert-Fuchs M, Poch B and Speit G: Vitamin E prevents exercise-induced DNA damage. Mutat Res. 346:195–202. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Claassen H, Schicht M and Paulsen F: Impact of sex hormones, insulin, growth factors and peptides on cartilage health and disease. Prog Histochem Cytochem. 45:239–293. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Kilarkaje N, Mousa AM, Al-Bader MM and Khan KM: Antioxidants enhance the recovery of three cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin-induced testicular dysfunction, pituitary-testicular axis, and fertility in rats. Fertil Steril. 100:1151–1159. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Hong Z, Hailing L, Hui M and Guijie Z: Effect of vitamin E supplementation on development of reproductive organs in Boer goat. Anim Reprod Sci. 113:93–101. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Nakano S, Mishiro T, Takahara S, Yokoi H, Hamada D, Yukata K, Takata Y, Goto T, Egawa H, Yasuoka S, et al: Distinct expression of mast cell tryptase and protease activated receptor-2 in synovia of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 26:1284–1292. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Anogeianaki A, Castellani ML, Tripodi D, Toniato E, De Lutiis MA, Conti F, Felaco P, Fulcheri M, Theoharides TC, Galzio R, et al: Vitamins and mast cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 23:991–996. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Babarina AV, Möllers U, Bittner K, Vischer P and Bruckner P: Role of the subchondral vascular system in endochondral ossification: Endothelial cell-derived proteinases derepress late cartilage differentiation in vitro. Matrix Biol. 20:205–213. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Kiaer T: Bone perfusion and oxygenation: Animal experiments and clinical observations. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl. 257:1–41. 1994.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Dai F, Chen WF and Zhou B: Antioxidant synergism of green tea polyphenols with alpha-tocopherol and L-ascorbic acid in SDS micelles. Biochimie. 90:1499–1505. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Bai B and Li Y: Danshen prevents articular cartilage degeneration via antioxidation in rabbits with osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 29:765–773. 2016.

26 

Baumgartner HK, Gerasimenko JV, Thorne C, Ashurst LH, Barrow SL, Chvanov MA, Gillies S, Criddle DN, Tepikin AV, Petersen OH, et al: Caspase-8-mediated apoptosis induced by oxidative stress is independent of the intrinsic pathway and dependent on cathepsins. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 293:G296–G307. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Jukola E, Hakkarainen J, Saloniemi H and Sankari S: Blood selenium, vitamin E, vitamin A and beta-carotene concentrations and udder health, fertility treatments and fertility. J Dairy Sci. 79:838–845. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Aoki MS, Lima WP, Miyabara EH, Gouveia CH and Moriscot AS: Deleterious effects of immobilization upon rat skeletal muscle: Role of creatine supplementation. Clin Nutr. 23:1176–1183. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Shelburne KB, Torry MR and Pandy MG: Contributions of muscles, ligaments and the ground-reaction force to tibiofemoral joint loading during normal gait. J Orthop Res. 24:1983–1990. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Fujita K, Iwasaki M, Ochi H, Fukuda T, Ma C, Miyamoto T, Takitani K, Negishi-Koga T, Sunamura S, Kodama T, et al: Vitamin E decreases bone mass by stimulating osteoclast fusion. Nat Med. 18:589–594. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Ӧzer NK, Negis Y, Aytan N, Villacorta L, Ricciarelli R, Zingg JM and Azzi A: Vitamin E inhibits CD36 scavenger receptor expression in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Atherosclerosis. 184:15–20. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Baskin CR, Hinchcliff KW, DiSilvestro RA, Reinhart GA, Hayek MG, Chew BP, Burr JR and Swenson RA: Effects of dietary antioxidant supplementation on oxidative damage and resistance to oxidative damage during prolonged exercise in sled dogs. Am J Vet Res. 61:886–891. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Spector TD, Perry LA and Jubb RW: Endogenous sex steroid levels in women with generalised osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 10:316–319. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Wilson MJ, Kaye D, Smith WE, Quach HT, Sinha AA and Vatassery GT: Effect of vitamin E deficiency on the growth and secretory function of the rat prostatic complex. Exp Mol Pathol. 74:267–275. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Rao MV, Chawla SL and Sharma SR: Protective role of vitamin E on nickel and/or chromium induced oxidative stress in the mouse ovary. Food Chem Toxicol. 47:1368–1371. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Reginster JY, Kvasz A, Bruyere O and Henrotin Y: Is there any rationale for prescribing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to prevent or to treat osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 11:87–91. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Felson DT, Lawrence RC, Dieppe PA, Hirsch R, Helmick CG, Jordan JM, Kington RS, Lane NE, Nevitt MC, Zhang Y, et al: Osteoarthritis: New insights. Part 1: The disease and its risk factors. Ann Intern Med. 133:635–646. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Theoharides TC: Mast cells and stress - a psychoneuroimmunological perspective. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 22:103–108. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Theoharides TC and Cochrane DE: Critical role of mast cells in inflammatory diseases and the effect of acute stress. J Neuroimmunol. 146:1–12. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Zingg JM: Vitamin E and mast cells. Vitam Horm. 76:393–418. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Gotis-Graham I, Smith MD, Parker A and McNeil HP: Synovial mast cell responses during clinical improvement in early rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 57:664–671. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Wooley DE: Mast cells in the rheumatoid lesion-ringleaders or innocent bystanders? Ann Rheum Dis. 54:533–534. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Lee DM, Friend DS, Gurish MF, Benoist C, Mathis D and Brenner MB: Mast cells: A cellular link between autoantibodies and inflammatory arthritis. Science. 297:1689–1692. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Corrado A, Neve A and Cantatore FP: Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in normal, osteoarthritic and osteoporotic osteoblasts. Clin Exp Med. 13:81–84. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Pedersen NW, Kiaer T, Kristensen KD and Starklint H: Intraosseous pressure, oxygenation and histology in arthrosis and osteonecrosis of the hip. Acta Orthop Scand. 60:415–417. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Ghosh P and Smith M: The role of cartilage-derived antigens, pro-coagulant activity and fibrinolysis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Med Hypotheses. 41:190–194. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Villacorta L, Azzi A and Zingg JM: Regulatory role of vitamins E and C on extracellular matrix components of the vascular system. Mol Aspects Med. 28:507–537. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Chiquet M, Renedo AS, Huber F and Flück M: How do fibroblasts translate mechanical signals into changes in extracellular matrix production? Matrix Biol. 22:73–80. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Azzi A and Stocker A: Vitamin E: Non-antioxidant roles. Prog Lipid Res. 39:231–255. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Ricciarelli R, Zingg JM and Azzi A: Vitamin E 80th anniversary: A double life, not only fighting radicals. IUBMB Life. 52:71–76. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

WU J, Karlsson K and Danielsson Å: Effects of vitamins E, C and catalase on bromobenzene- and hydrogen peroxide-induced intracellular oxidation and DNA single-strand breakage in Hep G2 cells. J Hepatol. 26:669–677. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Kappus H and Diplock AT: Tolerance and safety of vitamin E: A toxicological position report. Free Radic Biol Med. 13:55–74. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Li X, Dong Z, Zhang F, Dong J and Zhang Y: Vitamin E slows down the progression of osteoarthritis (Review). Exp Ther Med 12: 18-22, 2016.
APA
Li, X., Dong, Z., Zhang, F., Dong, J., & Zhang, Y. (2016). Vitamin E slows down the progression of osteoarthritis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 12, 18-22. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3322
MLA
Li, X., Dong, Z., Zhang, F., Dong, J., Zhang, Y."Vitamin E slows down the progression of osteoarthritis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12.1 (2016): 18-22.
Chicago
Li, X., Dong, Z., Zhang, F., Dong, J., Zhang, Y."Vitamin E slows down the progression of osteoarthritis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12, no. 1 (2016): 18-22. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3322
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Li X, Dong Z, Zhang F, Dong J and Zhang Y: Vitamin E slows down the progression of osteoarthritis (Review). Exp Ther Med 12: 18-22, 2016.
APA
Li, X., Dong, Z., Zhang, F., Dong, J., & Zhang, Y. (2016). Vitamin E slows down the progression of osteoarthritis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 12, 18-22. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3322
MLA
Li, X., Dong, Z., Zhang, F., Dong, J., Zhang, Y."Vitamin E slows down the progression of osteoarthritis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12.1 (2016): 18-22.
Chicago
Li, X., Dong, Z., Zhang, F., Dong, J., Zhang, Y."Vitamin E slows down the progression of osteoarthritis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12, no. 1 (2016): 18-22. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3322
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team