Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
September-2016 Volume 12 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2016 Volume 12 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B

  • Authors:
    • Weiwei Chu
    • Lili Guan
    • Dihua Huang
    • Yuezhong Ren
    • Yan Zhou
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Cadre Health Care, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Chu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1741-1749
    |
    Published online on: July 26, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3547
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Statins are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors that are used to decrease the blood levels of low‑density lipoprotein (LDL). In addition, they have been shown to exert pleiotropic protective effects in the absence of LDL-lowering activity. The present study investigated the effects of lovastatin on global gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), in order to further explore its ability to protect against oxidized (ox)‑LDL‑induced cytotoxicity. HUVECs were treated with lovastatin for 2‑24 h, and gene expression patterns were analyzed using cDNA microarrays. The results suggested that numerous genes were regulated by lovastatin, including certain genes associated with cell survival, such as PTK2B, BCL2 and MAP3K3. In particular, PTK2B, which has been shown to exert anti‑apoptotic effects against ox‑LDL‑induced cell injury, was upregulated by lovastatin. Knockdown of PTK2B was able to attenuate ox‑LDL‑induced cell injury, and this was associated with decreased levels of phosphorylated‑AKT and eNOS, and inhibition of mitochondrial‑dependent apoptosis. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that lovastatin protects against ox-LDL-induced cell injury, potentially via the upregulation of PTK2B, which regulates the anti‑apoptosis signaling pathway.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Liao JK and Laufs U: Pleiotropic effects of statins. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 45:89–118. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Goldstein JL and Brown MS: Regulation of the mevalonate pathway. Nature. 343:425–430. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Ganesh SK, Nass CM and Blumenthal RS: Anti-atherosclerotic effects of statins: Lessons from prevention trials. J Cardiovasc Risk. 10:155–159. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

LaRosa JC: Statins and risk of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 283:2935–2936. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Clemenson ND: Statins and risk of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 283:29352000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Klag MJ, Ford DE, Mead LA, He J, Whelton PK, Liang KY and Levine DM: Serum cholesterol in young men and subsequent cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 328:313–318. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Goldstein JL and Brown MS: A century of cholesterol and coronaries: From plaques to genes to statins. Cell. 26:161–72. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Massy ZA, Keane WF and Kasiske BL: Inhibition of the mevalonate pathway: Benefits beyond cholesterol reduction? Lancet. 347:102–103. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Wierzbicki AS, Poston R and Ferro A: The lipid and non-lipid effects of statins. Pharmacol Ther. 99:95–112. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Influence of pravastatin and plasma lipids on clinical events in the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCOPS). Circulation. 97:1440–1445. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Laufs U: Beyond lipid-lowering: Effects of statins on endothelial nitric oxide. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 58:719–731. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

12 

Hilbert T, Poth J, Frede S, Klaschik S, Hoeft A, Baumgarten G and Knuefermann P: Anti-atherogenic effects of statins: Impact on angiopoietin-2 release from endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 86:1452–1460. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Moncada S, Palmer RM and Higgs EA: Nitric oxide: Physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev. 43:109–142. 1991.PubMed/NCBI

14 

Rabelink TJ and Luscher TF: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase: Host defense enzyme of the endothelium? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 26:267–271. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Sukhova GK, Williams JK and Libby P: Statins reduce inflammation in atheroma of nonhuman primates independent of effects on serum cholesterol. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 22:1452–1458. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Giroux LM, Davignon J and Naruszewicz M: Simvastatin inhibits the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins by activated human monocyte-derived macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1165:335–338. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Arnaud C, Braunersreuther V and Mach F: Toward immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of statins. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 15:202–206. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Kumai T, Matsumoto N, Koitabashi Y, Takeba Y, Oonuma S, Sekine S, Tadokoro M and Kobayashi S: Pleiotropic effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors: Candidate mechanisms for anti-lipid deposition in blood vessels. Curr Med Chem Cardiovasc Hematol Agents. 3:195–201. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Rasmussen LM, Hansen PR, Nabipour MT, Olesen P, Kristiansen MT and Ledet T: Diverse effects of inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase on the expression of VCAM-1 and E-selectin in endothelial cells. Biochem J. 360:363–370. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Liles WC and Kain KC: Endothelial activation and dysfunction in the pathogenesis of microvascular obstruction in severe malaria-a viable target for therapeutic adjunctive intervention. J Infect Dis. 210:163–164. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Alvarez De Sotomayor M, Herrera MD, Marhuenda E and Andriantsitohaina R: Characterization of endothelial factors involved in the vasodilatory effect of simvastatin in aorta and small mesenteric artery of the rat. Br J Pharmacol. 131:1179–1187. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Bonetti PO, Lerman LO and Lerman A: Endothelial dysfunction: A marker of atherosclerotic risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 23:168–175. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Matthys KE and Bult H: Nitric oxide function in atherosclerosis. Mediators Inflamm. 6:3–21. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Ross R: The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: A perspective for the 1990s. Nature. 362:801–809. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Noll G, Tschudi M, Nava E and Lüscher TF: Endothelium and high blood pressure. Int J Microcirc Clin Exp. 17:273–279. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Kita T, Brown MS and Goldstein JL: Feedback regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in livers of mice treated with mevinolin, a competitive inhibitor of the reductase. J Clin Invest. 66:1094–1100. 1980. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Huang TH, Peng G, Li GQ, Yamahara J, Roufogalis BD and Li Y: Salacia oblonga root improves postprandial hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: Activation of PPAR-alpha. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 210:225–235. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Hitosugi T, Kang S, Vander Heiden MG, Chung TW, Elf S, Lythgoe K, Dong S, Lonial S, Wang X, Chen GZ, et al: Tyrosine phosphorylation inhibits PKM2 to promote the Warburg effect and tumor growth. Sci Signal. 2:ra732009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Lang F, Henke G, Embark HM, Waldegger S, Palmada M, Böhmer C and Vallon V: Regulation of channels by the serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase - implications for transport, excitability and cell proliferation. Cell Physiol Biochem. 13:41–50. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Husain M, Jiang L, See V, Bein K, Simons M, Alper SL and Rosenberg RD: Am J Physiol. 272:C1947–C1959. 1997.PubMed/NCBI

31 

Gadepalli R, Singh NK, Kundumani-Sridharan V, Heckle MR and Rao GN: Novel role of proline-rich nonreceptor tyrosine kinase 2 in vascular wall remodeling after balloon injury. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 32:2652–2661. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Slattery ML, Lundgreen A and Wolff RK: MAP kinase genes and colon and rectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 33:2398–2408. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Vogler M: Targeting BCL2-proteins for the treatment of solid tumours. Adv Med. 2014:9436482014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Tse KW, Lin KB, Dang-Lawson M, Guzman-Perez A, Aspnes GE, Buckbinder L and Gold MR: Small molecule inhibitors of the Pyk2 and FAK kinases modulate chemoattractant-induced migration, adhesion and Akt activation in follicular and marginal zone B cells. Cell Immunol. 275:47–54. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Maddika S, Ande SR, Panigrahi S, Paranjothy T, Weglarczyk K, Zuse A, Eshraghi M, Manda KD, Wiechec E and Los M: Cell survival, cell death and cell cycle pathways are interconnected: implications for cancer therapy. Drug Resist Updat. 10:13–29. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Nemoto S, Kobayashi T, Taguchi K, Matsumoto T and Kamata K: Losartan improves aortic endothelium-dependent relaxation via proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2/Src/Akt pathway in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 301:H2383–H2394. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Hilbert T, Poth J, Frede S, Klaschik S, Hoeft A, Baumgarten G and Knuefermann P: Anti-atherogenic effects of statins: Impact on angiopoietin-2 release from endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 86:1452–1460. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Wang Y, Zhou D, Phung S, Masri S, Smith D and Chen S: SGK3 is an estrogen-inducible kinase promoting estrogen-mediated survival of breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol. 25:72–82. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Maier G, Palmada M, Rajamanickam J, Shumilina E, Böhmer C and Lang F: Upregulation of HERG channels by the serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinase isoform SGK3. Cell Physiol Biochem. 18:177–186. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Burdick AD, Ivnitski-Steele ID, Lauer FT and Burchiel SW: PYK2 mediates anti-apoptotic AKT signaling in response to benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide in mammary epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis. 27:2331–2340. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Cao J, Chen Y, Fu J, Qian YW, Ren YB, Su B, Luo T, Dai RY, Huang L, Yan JJ, et al: High expression of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 is associated with poor survival of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway. Ann Surg Oncol. 20(Suppl 3): S312–S323. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Daou GB and Srivastava AK: Reactive oxygen species mediate Endothelin-1-induced activation of ERK1/2, PKB and Pyk2 signaling, as well as protein synthesis, in vascular smooth muscle cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 37:208–215. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Sun CK, Man K, Ng KT, Ho JW, Lim ZX, Cheng Q, Lo CM, Poon RT and Fan ST: Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) promotes proliferation and invasiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through c-Src/ERK activation. Carcinogenesis. 29:2096–2105. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Ross R: Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med. 340:115–126. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Kugiyama K, Kerns SA, Morrisett JD, Roberts R and Henry PD: Impairment of endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation by lysolecithin in modified low-density lipoproteins. Nature. 344:160–162. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Simon BC, Cunningham LD and Cohen RA: Oxidized low density lipoproteins cause contraction and inhibit endothelium-dependent relaxation in the pig coronary artery. J Clin Invest. 86:75–79. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Dimmeler S, Haendeler J, Galle J and Zeiher AM: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein induces apoptosis of human endothelial cells by activation of CPP32-like proteases. A mechanistic clue to the ‘response to injury’ hypothesis. Circulation. 95:1760–1763. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Harada-Shiba M, Kinoshita M, Kamido H and Shimokado K: Oxidized low density lipoprotein induces apoptosis in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells by common and unique mechanisms. J Biol Chem. 273:9681–9687. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Chavakis E, Dernbach E, Hermann C, Mondorf UF, Zeiher AM and Dimmeler S: Oxidized LDL inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-induced endothelial cell migration by an inhibitory effect on the Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. Circulation. 103:2102–2107. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Kotamraju S, Hogg N, Joseph J, Keefer LK and Kalyanaraman B: Inhibition of oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells by nitric oxide: Peroxyl radical scavenging as an antiapoptotic mechanism. J Biol Chem. 276:17316–17323. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Sun CK, Ng KT, Lim ZX, Cheng Q, Lo CM, Poon RT, Man K, Wong N and Fan ST: Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) promotes cell motility of hepatocellular carcinoma through induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. PLoS One. 6:e188782011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Lim ST, Miller NL, Nam JO, Chen XL, Lim Y and Schlaepfer DD: Pyk2 inhibition of p53 as an adaptive and intrinsic mechanism facilitating cell proliferation and survival. J Biol Chem. 285:1743–1753. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Yoon H, Choi YL, Song JY, Do I, Kang SY, Ko YH, Song S and Kim BG: Targeted inhibition of FAK, PYK2 and BCL-XL synergistically enhances apoptosis in ovarian clear cell carcinoma cell lines. PLoS One. 9:e885872014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chu W, Guan L, Huang D, Ren Y and Zhou Y: Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B. Exp Ther Med 12: 1741-1749, 2016.
APA
Chu, W., Guan, L., Huang, D., Ren, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2016). Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 12, 1741-1749. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3547
MLA
Chu, W., Guan, L., Huang, D., Ren, Y., Zhou, Y."Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12.3 (2016): 1741-1749.
Chicago
Chu, W., Guan, L., Huang, D., Ren, Y., Zhou, Y."Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12, no. 3 (2016): 1741-1749. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3547
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chu W, Guan L, Huang D, Ren Y and Zhou Y: Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B. Exp Ther Med 12: 1741-1749, 2016.
APA
Chu, W., Guan, L., Huang, D., Ren, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2016). Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 12, 1741-1749. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3547
MLA
Chu, W., Guan, L., Huang, D., Ren, Y., Zhou, Y."Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12.3 (2016): 1741-1749.
Chicago
Chu, W., Guan, L., Huang, D., Ren, Y., Zhou, Y."Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12, no. 3 (2016): 1741-1749. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3547
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team