Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
July-2017 Volume 14 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2017 Volume 14 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Ascorbate ameliorates Echis coloratus venom‑induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts

  • Authors:
    • Yazeed A. Al-Sheikh
    • Hazem K. Ghneim
    • Feda S. Aljaser
    • Mourad A.M. Aboul-Soud
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
    Copyright: © Al-Sheikh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 703-713
    |
    Published online on: May 30, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4522
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Reports related to the effects of Echis coloratus venom (EcV) on the antioxidant capacity of human tissues is very scarce. The present study was undertaken to investigate the activities and gene expression levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and the generation rates of superoxide anions (SOA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxides (LPO) in cultured human fibroblasts incubated with EcV, ascorbate (Asc) and EcV plus Asc at concentrations and incubation periods that maintained cell viability. Results indicated that the activities of all antioxidant enzymes and their corresponding transcripts underwent highly significant decreases and downregulation in EcV-treated cultures (0.5 µg/ml medium for 4 h) compared to venom-free controls (P<0.001). Additionally, there were concurrent equally significant increases in SOA, H2O2 and LPO generation rates in the venom-incubated cultures compared to controls (P<0.001). Results also indicated very significant decreases and parallel equally significant increases in GSH and GSSG levels respectively in the envenomed cultures compared to controls (P<0.001) leading to a drastically lower GSH/GSSG ratio. However, further incubation of the EcV-treated cultures with Asc (400 µM for 12 h) restored the activities and levels of all investigated parameters including the expression levels of the antioxidant genes to control venom-free values. It is concluded that Asc acted to neutralize the increased reactive oxygen species generation, thus ameliorating the EcV-induced oxidative stress and alleviating the downregulation of antioxidant genes.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Mallow D, Ludwig D and Nilson G: True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Kreiger Publication Company; Malabar, FL: 2003

2 

Serrano SM, Shannon JD, Wang D, Camargo AC and Fox JW: A multifaceted analysis of viperid snake venoms by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: an approach to understanding venom proteomics. Proteomics. 5:501–510. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Mackessy SP: Handbook of Venoms and Toxins of Reptiles. CRC press; Boca Raton, FL: 2009, View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Kini RM: Excitement ahead: structure, function and mechanism of snake venom phospholipase A2 enzymes. Toxicon. 42:827–840. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Al-Jammaz I: Physiological effects of LD50 of Echis coloratus crude venom on rat at different time intervals. J King Saud Univ Sci. 15:121–129. 2003.

6 

Al-Asmari AK, Manthiri RM Abbas, Osman NMA, Al-Otaibi AF and Al-Asmari SA: Beneficial role of quercetin on Echis coloratus snake venom induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats. J Biol Sci. 16:112–119. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Annobil SH: Complications of Echis colorata snake bites in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. Ann Trop Paediatr. 13:39–44. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Boviatsis EJ, Kouyialis AT, Papatheodorou G, Gavra M, Korfias S and Sakas DE: Multiple hemorrhagic brain infarcts after viper envenomation. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 68:253–257. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Fernandez S, Hodgson W, Chaisakul J, Kornhauser R, Konstantakopoulos N, Smith AI and Kuruppu S: In vitro toxic effects of puff adder (Bitis arietans) venom, and their neutralization by antivenom. Toxins (Basel). 6:1586–1597. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Murphy MP: How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species. Biochem J. 417:1–13. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Sena LA and Chandel NS: Physiological roles of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Mol Cell. 48:158–167. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Pickering AM, Vojtovich L, Tower J and A Davies KJ: Oxidative stress adaptation with acute, chronic, and repeated stress. Free Radic Biol Med. 55:109–118. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Cai Z and Yan LJ: Protein oxidative modifications: beneficial roles in disease and health. J Biochem Pharmacol Res. 1:15–26. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

14 

Aboul-Soud MA, Al-Othman AM, El-Desoky GE, Al-Othman ZA, Yusuf K, Ahmad J and Al-Khedhairy AA: Hepatoprotective effects of vitamin E/selenium against malathion-induced injuries on the antioxidant status and apoptosis-related gene expression in rats. J Toxicol Sci. 36:285–296. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Nordberg J and Arnér ES: Reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, and the mammalian thioredoxin system. Free Radic Biol Med. 31:1287–1312. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M and Telser J: Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 39:44–84. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Al Asmari AK, Khan HA, Manthiri RA, Al Yahya KM and Al Otaibi KE: Effects of Echis pyramidum snake venom on hepatic and renal antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 28:407–412. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Yamasaki SC, Villarroel JS, Barone JM, Zambotti-Villela L and Silveira PF: Aminopeptidase activities, oxidative stress and renal function in Crotalus durissus terrificus envenomation in mice. Toxicon. 52:445–454. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Valenta J, Stach Z and Svítek M: Acute pancreatitis after viperid snake cerastes cerastes envenoming: a case report. Prague Med Rep. 111:69–75. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

20 

Sagheb MM, Sharifian M, Moini M and Salehi O: Acute renal failure and acute necrotizing pancreatitis after Echis carinatus sochureki bite, report of a rare complication from southern Iran. Prague Med Rep. 112:67–71. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

21 

Dousset E, Carrega L, Steinberg JG, Clot-Faybesse O, Jouirou B, Sauze N, Devaux C, Autier Y, Jammes Y, Martin-Eauclaire MF and Guieu R: Evidence that free radical generation occurs during scorpion envenomation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 140:221–226. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Al Asmari A, Al Moutaery K, Manthari RA and Khan HA: Time-course of lipid peroxidation in different organs of mice treated with Echis pyramidum snake venom. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 20:93–95. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Asmari AK, Khan HA, Banah FA, Buraidi AA and Manthiri RA: Serum biomarkers for acute hepatotoxicity of Echis pyramidum snake venom in rats. Int J Clin Exp Med. 8:1376–1380. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Onyeama HP, Ebong PE and Eteng MU: Evaluation of the effects of Calliandra portoricensis extracts on oxidative stress enzymes in Wistar rats challenged with venom of Echis oscellatus. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2:199–202. 2012.

25 

Tohamy AA, Mohamed AF, Moneim AE Abdul and Diab MSM: Biological effects of Naja haje crude venom on hepatic and renal tissues of mice. J King Saud Univ Sci. 26:205–212. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Halliwell B: Vitamin C: antioxidant or pro-oxidant in vivo? Free Radic Res. 25:439–454. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Ghneim HK and Al-Sheikh YA: The effect of aging and increasing ascorbate concentrations on respiratory chain activity in cultured human fibroblasts. Cell Biochem Funct. 28:283–292. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Banerjee P, Bhattacharyya SS, Bhattacharjee N, Pathak S, Boujedaini N, Belon P and Khuda-Bukhsh AR: Ascorbic acid combats arsenic-induced oxidative stress in mice liver. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 72:639–649. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Retsky KL and Frei B: Vitamin C prevents metal ion-dependent initiation and propagation of lipid peroxidation in human low-density lipoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1257:279–287. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Chen K, Suh J, Carr AC, Morrow JD, Zeind J and Frei B: Vitamin C suppresses oxidative lipid damage in vivo, even in the presence of iron overload. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 279:E1406–E1412. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

31 

ElShama SS, EL-Meghawry A, El-Kenawy AE and Osman HE: Vitamin C daily supplements and its ameliorative effects. Vitamin C..Guiné R: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.; Hauppauge, NY: pp. 47–64. 2013

32 

Klenner FR: Observations on the dose of administration of ascorbic acid when employed beyond the range of a vitamin in human pathology. J Appl Nutr. 23:61–68. 1971.

33 

Khan W, Osman NA, Alahmari AM, Amaan A and Al-Asmari A: Vitamin C protects against viper venom induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative damage in rat liver. MOJ Toxicol. 2:000262016. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Mosmann T: Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods. 65:55–63. 1983. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Ghneim HK and Alshebly MM: Biochemical markers of oxidative stress in Saudi women with recurrent miscarriage. J Korean Med Sci. 31:98–105. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Al-Sheikh YA and Ghneim HK: ‘The effect of micronutrients on superoxide dismutase in senescent fibroblasts’. Cell Biochem Funct. 29:384–393. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Habig WH, Pabst MJ and Jakoby WB: Glutathione S-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J Biol Chem. 249:7130–7139. 1974.PubMed/NCBI

38 

Bradford MM: A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 72:248–254. 1976. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Reznick AZ and Packer L: Oxidative damage to proteins: spectrophotometric method for carbonyl assay. Methods Enzymol. 233:357–363. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Ghneim HK, Al-Sheikh YA, Alshebly MM and Aboul-Soud MA: Superoxide dismutase activity and gene expression levels in Saudi women with recurrent miscarriage. Mol Med Rep. 13:2606–2612. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

41 

Al-Saleh SS, Ghneim HK, Haddad HY and Khan SU: Separation and purification of Echis coloratus venom and some biological and biochemical effects of the proteins. Cell Biochem Funct. 20:153–162. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Al-Saleh S, Ghneim H and Khan S: The effect of crude and purified Cerastes vipera venom protein fractions on respiratory chain function in cultured human fibroblasts. Cell Physiol Biochem. 13:315–320. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Ghneim HK, Al-Sheikh YA and Aboul-Soud MA: The effect of Walterinnesia aegyptia venom proteins on TCA cycle activity and mitochondrial NAD(+)-redox state in cultured human fibroblasts. Biomed Res Int. 2015:7381472015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Ghneim HK and Al-Sheikh YA: Effect of selenium supplementation on glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in senescent cultured human fibroblasts. Ann Nutr Metab. 59:127–138. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Ghneim HK: Enzymatic variations related to glucose and glycogen catabolism in serially subcultured human fibroblasts. Cell Physiol Biochem. 4:44–56. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Couto N, Malys N, Gaskell SJ and Barber J: Partition and turnover of glutathione reductase from Saccharomyces cerevisiaea proteomic approach. J Proteome Res. 12:2885–2894. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Lei XG, Zhu JH, McClung JP, Aregullin M and Roneker CA: Mice deficient in Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase are resistant to acetaminophen toxicity. Biochem J. 399:455–461. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Kehrer JP: The Haber-Weiss reaction and mechanisms of toxicity. Toxicology. 149:43–50. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Padayatty SJ, Katz A, Wang Y, Eck P, Kwon O, Lee JH, Chen S, Corpe C, Dutta A, Dutta SK and Levine M: Vitamin C as an antioxidant: evaluation of its role in disease prevention. J Am Coll Nutr. 22:18–35. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Welch RW, Bergsten P, Butler JD and Levine M: Ascorbic acid accumulation and transport in human fibroblasts. Biochem J. 294:505–510. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Savini I, Rossi A, Pierro C, Avigliano L and Catani MV: SVCT1 and SVCT2: key proteins for vitamin C uptake. Amino Acids. 34:347–355. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Linster CL and Van Schaftingen E: Vitamin C. Biosynthesis, recycling and degradation in mammals. FEBS J. 274:1–22. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Al-Sheikh YA, Ghneim HK, Aljaser FS and Aboul-Soud MA: Ascorbate ameliorates Echis coloratus venom‑induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts. Exp Ther Med 14: 703-713, 2017.
APA
Al-Sheikh, Y.A., Ghneim, H.K., Aljaser, F.S., & Aboul-Soud, M.A. (2017). Ascorbate ameliorates Echis coloratus venom‑induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 14, 703-713. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4522
MLA
Al-Sheikh, Y. A., Ghneim, H. K., Aljaser, F. S., Aboul-Soud, M. A."Ascorbate ameliorates Echis coloratus venom‑induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14.1 (2017): 703-713.
Chicago
Al-Sheikh, Y. A., Ghneim, H. K., Aljaser, F. S., Aboul-Soud, M. A."Ascorbate ameliorates Echis coloratus venom‑induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14, no. 1 (2017): 703-713. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4522
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Al-Sheikh YA, Ghneim HK, Aljaser FS and Aboul-Soud MA: Ascorbate ameliorates Echis coloratus venom‑induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts. Exp Ther Med 14: 703-713, 2017.
APA
Al-Sheikh, Y.A., Ghneim, H.K., Aljaser, F.S., & Aboul-Soud, M.A. (2017). Ascorbate ameliorates Echis coloratus venom‑induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 14, 703-713. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4522
MLA
Al-Sheikh, Y. A., Ghneim, H. K., Aljaser, F. S., Aboul-Soud, M. A."Ascorbate ameliorates Echis coloratus venom‑induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14.1 (2017): 703-713.
Chicago
Al-Sheikh, Y. A., Ghneim, H. K., Aljaser, F. S., Aboul-Soud, M. A."Ascorbate ameliorates Echis coloratus venom‑induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14, no. 1 (2017): 703-713. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4522
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team