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Article

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP pathway

  • Authors:
    • Bing Zhang
    • Zhaocun Zhang
    • Hong Ji
    • Hui Shi
    • Shouzhen Chen
    • Dongliang Yan
    • Xuewen Jiang
    • Benkang Shi
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China, Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China, Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1053-1061
    |
    Published online on: November 13, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5499
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Abstract

Oxidative stress is closely associated with the onset of diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic urethropathy is one of the most common complications of DM, but few studies have been conducted to investigate the role of oxidative stress in diabetic urethropathy. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has been previously reported to reduce oxidative injury. The present study aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress and the protective effects of GSPE on urethral dysfunction using a streptozotocin‑induced DM rat model. Female Wistar rats were divided into a control group (n=36), a DM group (n=36) and a DM + GSPE group (n=36). Urodynamic testing was performed using a PowerLab data acquisition device. The expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), 3‑nitrotyrosine and nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) was determined using western blot analysis. The expression of 3‑nitrotyrosine was also determined using immunohistochemistry. Nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‑Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using commercial ELISA kits. A significant increase was observed in the intravesical pressure thresholds for inducing urethral relaxation and the urethral perfusion pressure nadir in DM rats compared with the control group. GSPE was observed to reverse the increase of these parameters compared with the DM group. In addition, GSPE could reverse the downregulation of nNOS, NO and cGMP expression, and the decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH‑Px). GSPE reversed the upregulation of 3‑nitrotyrosine and MDA in DM rats. GSPE also activated Nrf2, which is a key antioxidative transcription factor. The findings of the present study demonstrated that GSPE protects urethra function in DM rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP signaling pathway. The protective roles of GSPE may be associated with activation of the Nrf2 defense pathway.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang B, Zhang Z, Ji H, Shi H, Chen S, Yan D, Jiang X and Shi B: Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP pathway. Exp Ther Med 15: 1053-1061, 2018.
APA
Zhang, B., Zhang, Z., Ji, H., Shi, H., Chen, S., Yan, D. ... Shi, B. (2018). Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP pathway. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 1053-1061. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5499
MLA
Zhang, B., Zhang, Z., Ji, H., Shi, H., Chen, S., Yan, D., Jiang, X., Shi, B."Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP pathway". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.1 (2018): 1053-1061.
Chicago
Zhang, B., Zhang, Z., Ji, H., Shi, H., Chen, S., Yan, D., Jiang, X., Shi, B."Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP pathway". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 1 (2018): 1053-1061. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5499
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang B, Zhang Z, Ji H, Shi H, Chen S, Yan D, Jiang X and Shi B: Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP pathway. Exp Ther Med 15: 1053-1061, 2018.
APA
Zhang, B., Zhang, Z., Ji, H., Shi, H., Chen, S., Yan, D. ... Shi, B. (2018). Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP pathway. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 1053-1061. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5499
MLA
Zhang, B., Zhang, Z., Ji, H., Shi, H., Chen, S., Yan, D., Jiang, X., Shi, B."Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP pathway". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.1 (2018): 1053-1061.
Chicago
Zhang, B., Zhang, Z., Ji, H., Shi, H., Chen, S., Yan, D., Jiang, X., Shi, B."Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO‑cGMP pathway". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 1 (2018): 1053-1061. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5499
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