Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
May-2018 Volume 15 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2018 Volume 15 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Improved plaque neovascularization following 2-year atorvastatin therapy based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: A pilot study

  • Authors:
    • Bin Xu
    • Jin Xing
    • Wenqing Wu
    • Wen‑Jing Zhang
    • Qian‑Qian Zhu
    • Dan Zhang
    • Nan‑Nan Sun
    • Chan Wu
    • Geng‑Jie Kang
    • Lin Zhai
    • Wei‑Dong Li
    • Yan Meng
    • Tie‑Ying Du
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Neurology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China, Department of Ultrasound, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China, Department of Neurology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
  • Pages: 4491-4497
    |
    Published online on: March 6, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5926
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The present study assessed changes in carotid plaque neovascularization following long‑term atorvastatin therapy (20 mg/day) using contrast‑enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). In this prospective case series, seven males (mean age, 68±9 years) and three females (mean age, 67±10 years) with a total of 13 carotid plaques underwent standard ultrasonography and CEUS at baseline, as well as after 1 and 2 years of atorvastatin treatment. The same plaques were then examined using real‑time CEUS. The results of the enhanced intensity of plaque neovascularization at baseline were compared with results obtained during follow‑up to examine the effects of long‑term atorvastatin therapy. Standard ultrasonography revealed that 7 of the 13 carotid plaques were uniformly echolucent, whereas 6 carotid plaques were predominantly echolucent. CEUS revealed an enhanced intensity of 10.5±2.1 decibels (dB) prior to treatment, which decreased significantly to 7.3±2.6 dB following 2 years atorvastatin therapy (P<0.001). The ratio of enhanced intensity in the carotid artery lumen to that in the plaque was 3.10±1.10 at baseline and this value significantly increased to 4.96±2.98 following treatment for 2 years (P<0.001). The current pilot study therefore indicates that two‑year atorvastatin therapy (20 mg/day) may reduce plaque neovascularization in the Chinese population.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

McCarthy MJ, Loftus IM, Thompson MM, Jones L, London NJ, Bell PR, Naylor AR and Brindle NP: Angiogenesis and the atherosclerotic carotid plaque: An association between symptomatology and plaque morphology. J Vasc Surg. 30:261–268. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Finn AV, Nakano M, Narula J, Kolodgie FD and Virmani R: Concept of vulnerable/unstable plaque. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 30:1282–1292. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Michel JB, Delbosc S, Ho-Tin-Noé B, Leseche G, Nicoletti A, Meilhac O and Martin-Ventura JL: From intraplaque haemorrhages to plaque vulnerability: Biological consequences of intraplaque haemorrhages. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 13:628–634. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Virmani R, Kolodgie FD, Burke AP, Finn AV, Gold HK, Tulenko TN, Wrenn SP and Narula J: Atherosclerotic plaque progression and vulnerability to rupture: Angiogenesis as a source of intraplaque hemorrhage. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 25:2054–2061. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Di Stefano R, Felice F and Balbarini A: Angiogenesis as risk factor for plaque vulnerability. Curr Pharm Des. 15:1095–1196. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Sluimer JC and Daemen MJ: Novel concepts in atherogenesis: Angiogenesis and hypoxia in atherosclerosis. J Pathol. 218:7–29. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Dunmore BJ, McCarthy MJ, Naylor AR and Brindle NP: Carotid plaque instability and ischemic symptoms are linked to immaturity of microvessels within plaques. J Vasc Surg. 45:155–159. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Kodama T, Narula N, Agozzino M and Arbustini E: Pathology of plaque haemorrhage and neovascularization of coronary artery. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 13:620–627. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Chen S, Guo L, Chen B, Sun L and Cui M: Association of serum angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and angiopoietin-2 to angiopoietin-1 ratio with heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Exp Ther Med. 5:937–941. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Warburton L and Gillard J: Functional imaging of carotid atheromatous plaques. J Neuroimaging. 16:293–301. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Laufer EM, Winkens HM, Corsten MF, Reutelingsperger CP, Narula J and Hofstra L: PET and SPECT imaging of apoptosis in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques with radiolabeled Annexin A5. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 53:26–34. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

12 

Grønholdt ML, Nordestgaard BG, Schroeder TV, Vorstrup S and Sillesen H: Ultrasonic echolucent carotid plaques predict future strokes. Circulation. 104:68–73. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Giannoni Fabrizia M, Vicenzini E, Monaco C and Cao P: Contrast enhanced ultrasonography and carotid plaque imaging: From the hemodynamic evaluation to the detection of neoangiogenesis-The new approach to the identification of the unstable plaque: From morphology to pathophysiologyUltrasound Imaging. Tanabe M: InTech; pp. 171–188. 2011

14 

Faggioli GL, Pini R, Mauro R, Pasquinelli G, Fittipaldi S, Freyrie A, Serra C and Stella A: Identification of carotid ‘vulnerable plaque’ by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: Correlation with plaque histology, symptoms and cerebral computed tomography. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 41:238–248. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Feinstein SB: The powerful microbubble: From bench to bedside, from intravascular indicator to therapeutic delivery system, and beyond. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 287:H450–H457. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Feinstein SB: Contrast ultrasound imaging of the carotid artery vasa vasorum and atherosclerotic plaque neovascularization. J Am Coll Cardiol. 48:236–243. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Staub D, Patel MB, Tibrewala A, Ludden D, Johnson M, Espinosa P, Coll B, Jaeger KA and Feinstein SB: Vasa vasorum and plaque neovascularization on contrast-enhanced carotid ultrasound imaging correlates with cardiovascular disease and past cardiovascular events. Stroke. 41:41–47. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Della-Morte D, Moussa I, Elkind MS, Sacco RL and Rundek T: The short-term effect of atorvastatin on carotid plaque morphology assessed by computer-assisted gray-scale densitometry: A pilot study. Neurol Res. 33:991–994. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S, Adams H, Amarenco P, Desvarieux M, Ebrahim S, Fatar M, Hernandez Hernandez R, Kownator S, et al: Mannheim intima-media thickness consensus. Cerebrovasc Dis. 18:346–349. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S, Adams H, Amarenco P, Bornstein N, Csiba L, Desvarieux M, Ebrahim S, Hernandez Hernandez R, et al: Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004-2006-2011). An update on behalf of the advisory board of the 3rd, 4th and 5th watching the risk symposia, at the 13th, 15th and 20th European Stroke Conferences, Mannheim, Germany, 2004, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, and Hamburg, Germany, 2011. Cerebrovasc Dis. 34:290–296. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Yang W, Lu J, Weng J, Jia W, Ji L, Xiao J, Shan Z, Liu J, Tian H, Ji Q, et al: Prevalence of diabetes among men and women in China. N Engl J Med. 362:1090–1101. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Kern R, Szabo K, Hennerici M and Meairs S: Characterization of carotid artery plaques using real-time compound B-mode ultrasound. Stroke. 35:870–875. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Ferrara KW, Merritt CR, Burns PN, Foster FS, Mattrey RF and Wickline SA: Evaluation of tumor angiogenesis with US: Imaging, Doppler, and contrast agents. Acad Radiol. 7:824–839. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Staub D, Partovi S, Schinkel AF, Coll B, Uthoff H, Aschwanden M, Jaeger KA and Feinstein SB: Correlation of carotid artery atherosclerotic lesion echogenicity and severity at standard US with intraplaque neovascularization detected at contrast-enhanced US. Radiology. 258:618–626. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Kadoglou NP, Sailer N, Moumtzouoglou A, Kapelouzou A, Gerasimidis T and Liapis CD: Aggressive lipid-lowering is more effective than moderate lipid-lowering treatment in carotid plaque stabilization. J Vasc Surg. 51:114–21. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Gupta M, Martineau P, Tran T, Després JP, Gaw A, de Teresa E, Farsang C, Gensini GF, Leiter LA, Blanco-Colio LM, et al: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein lowering with atorvastatin in patients of South Asian compared with European origin: Insights from the achieve cholesterol targets fast with atorvastatin stratified titration (ACTFAST) study. J Clin Pharmacol. 52:850–858. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Colhoun HM, Betteridge DJ, Durrington PN, Hitman GA, Neil HA, Livingstone SJ, Thomason MJ, Mackness MI, Charlton-Menys V and Fuller JH: CARDS investigators: Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the collaborative atorvastatin diabetes study (CARDS): Multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 364:685–696. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Min L, Shao S, Wu X, Cong L, Liu P, Zhao H and Luo Y: Anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombogenic effects of atorvastatin in acute ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res. 8:2144–2154. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

29 

Zhao SP, Yu BL, Peng DQ and Huo Y: The effect of moderate-dose versus double-dose statins on patients with acute coronary syndrome in China: Results of the CHILLAS trial. Atherosclerosis. 233:707–712. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Jia W and Zhou L: Effect of 20 mg/day atorvastatin: Recurrent stroke survey in Chinese ischemic stroke patients with prior intracranial hemorrhage. J Clin Neurol. 9:139–143. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Lee E, Ryan S, Birmingham B, Zalikowski J, March R, Ambrose H, Moore R, Lee C, Chen Y and Schneck D: Rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics in white and Asian subjects residing in the same environment. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 78:330–341. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Zhao SP, Yu BL, Peng DQ and Huo Y: The effect of moderate-dose versus double-dose statins on patients with acute coronary syndrome in China: Results of the CHILLAS trial. Atherosclerosis. 233:707–712. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Liu PY, Lin LY, Lin HJ, Hsia CH, Hung YR, Yeh HI, Wu TC, Chen JY, Chien KL and Chen JW: Pitavastatin and atorvastatin double-blind randomized comparative study among high-risk patients, including those with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in Taiwan (PAPAGO-T Study). PLoS One. 8:e762982013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Desai MY and Schoenhagen P: Emergence of targeted molecular imaging in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 7:197–203. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Shah F, Balan P, Weinberg M, Reddy V, Neems R, Feinstein M, Dainauskas J, Meyer P, Goldin M and Feinstein SB: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging of atherosclerotic carotid plaque neovascularization: A new surrogate marker of atherosclerosis? Vasc Med. 12:291–297. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Hong LF, Yan XN, Fan Y, Wu Q, Luo SH, Yang B and Li JJ: Is the ratio of apoB/apoA-1 the best predictor for the severity of coronary artery lesions in Chinese diabetics with stable angina pectoris? An assessment based on Gensini scores. J Geriatr Cardiol. 12:402–409. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

37 

Zhang Q, Li C, Han H, Dai W, Shi J, Wang Y and Wang W: Spatio-temporal quantification of carotid plaque neovascularization on contrast enhanced ultrasound: Correlation with visual grading and histopathology. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 50:289–296. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Hoogi A, Adam D, Hoffman A, Kerner H, Reisner S and Gaitini D: Carotid plaque vulnerability: Quantification of neovascularization on contrast-enhanced ultrasound with histopathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 196:431–436. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Coli S, Magnoni M, Sangiorgi G, Marrocco-Trischitta MM, Melisurgo G, Mauriello A, Spagnoli L, Chiesa R, Cianflone D and Maseri A: Contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging of intraplaque neovascularization in carotid arteries: Correlation with histology and plaque echogenicity. J Am Coll Cardiol. 52:223–230. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Coll B, Nambi V and Feinstein SB: New advances in noninvasive imaging of the carotid artery: CIMT, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and vasa vasorum. Curr Cardiol. 12:497–502. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Kolodgie FD, Narula J, Yuan C, Burke AP, Finn AV and Virmani R: Elimination of neoangiogenesis for plaque stabilization: Is there a role for local drug therapy? J Am Coll Cardiol. 49:2093–2101. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Jain RK, Finn AV, Kolodgie FD, Gold HK and Virmani R: Antiangiogenic therapy for normalization of atherosclerotic plaque vasculature: A potential strategy for plaque stabilization. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 4:491–502. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Doyle B and Caplice N: Plaque neovascularization and antiangiogenic therapy for atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 49:2073–2080. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Xu B, Xing J, Wu W, Zhang WJ, Zhu QQ, Zhang D, Sun NN, Wu C, Kang GJ, Zhai L, Zhai L, et al: Improved plaque neovascularization following 2-year atorvastatin therapy based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: A pilot study. Exp Ther Med 15: 4491-4497, 2018.
APA
Xu, B., Xing, J., Wu, W., Zhang, W., Zhu, Q., Zhang, D. ... Du, T. (2018). Improved plaque neovascularization following 2-year atorvastatin therapy based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: A pilot study. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 4491-4497. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5926
MLA
Xu, B., Xing, J., Wu, W., Zhang, W., Zhu, Q., Zhang, D., Sun, N., Wu, C., Kang, G., Zhai, L., Li, W., Meng, Y., Du, T."Improved plaque neovascularization following 2-year atorvastatin therapy based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: A pilot study". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.5 (2018): 4491-4497.
Chicago
Xu, B., Xing, J., Wu, W., Zhang, W., Zhu, Q., Zhang, D., Sun, N., Wu, C., Kang, G., Zhai, L., Li, W., Meng, Y., Du, T."Improved plaque neovascularization following 2-year atorvastatin therapy based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: A pilot study". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 5 (2018): 4491-4497. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5926
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Xu B, Xing J, Wu W, Zhang WJ, Zhu QQ, Zhang D, Sun NN, Wu C, Kang GJ, Zhai L, Zhai L, et al: Improved plaque neovascularization following 2-year atorvastatin therapy based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: A pilot study. Exp Ther Med 15: 4491-4497, 2018.
APA
Xu, B., Xing, J., Wu, W., Zhang, W., Zhu, Q., Zhang, D. ... Du, T. (2018). Improved plaque neovascularization following 2-year atorvastatin therapy based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: A pilot study. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 4491-4497. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5926
MLA
Xu, B., Xing, J., Wu, W., Zhang, W., Zhu, Q., Zhang, D., Sun, N., Wu, C., Kang, G., Zhai, L., Li, W., Meng, Y., Du, T."Improved plaque neovascularization following 2-year atorvastatin therapy based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: A pilot study". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.5 (2018): 4491-4497.
Chicago
Xu, B., Xing, J., Wu, W., Zhang, W., Zhu, Q., Zhang, D., Sun, N., Wu, C., Kang, G., Zhai, L., Li, W., Meng, Y., Du, T."Improved plaque neovascularization following 2-year atorvastatin therapy based on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: A pilot study". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 5 (2018): 4491-4497. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5926
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team