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Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential

  • Authors:
    • Eduardo Augusto Rosa
    • Aura Maria Hurtado‑Puerto
    • Denise Pinheiro Falcão
    • Aline Patricia Brietzke
    • Luiz Eduardo de Almeida Prado Franceschi
    • Florlorêncio Figueiredo Cavalcanti Neto
    • Valdenize Tiziane
    • Fabiana Pirani Carneiro
    • Evelyn Mikaela Kogawa
    • Heitor Moreno
    • Rivadávio Fernandes Batista Amorim
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Post‑Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910‑900, Brazil, Laboratory for Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA, Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035‑903, Brazil, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910‑900, Brazil, Center for Learning and Research, Brasília Children's Hospital, Brasília 70910‑90, Brazil, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083‑970, Brazil
    Copyright: © Rosa et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 4157-4166
    |
    Published online on: March 20, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5971
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Abstract

The association of oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions with malignant transformation risk has remained a controversial topic and is of clinical importance. Therefore, the present study evaluated the expression levels of p16, Ki‑67, budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 (Bub‑3) and sex‑determining region Y‑related high mobility group box 4 (SOX4), and their roles as precancerous biomarkers in OLP. A retrospective study was performed, in which tissue blocks of OLP, oral dysplasia (OD), cutaneous lichen planus (CLP) and oral fibrous hyperplasia (OFH) were used (n=120). A positivity index (PI) for p16, BUB3, Ki‑67 and SOX4 expression was calculated in each group. The PI for p16 was 20.65% for OLP, 7.85% for OD, 86.59% for CLP and 11.8% for OFH, and the difference between these groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). PIs of Ki‑67 were indicated as 11.6% for OLP, 14.4% for OD, 8.24% for CLP and 5.5% for OFH, and a statistically significant difference was observed between the groups (P<0.001). Notably, the expression levels of BUB3 were not statistically different among groups. The highest expression levels of SOX4 were identified in CLP (P<0.001 vs. OLP/CLP; P=0,001 vs. CLP/OD). The determined expression levels of p16 and Ki‑67 suggest that specific OLP lesions may have an intermediate malignant potential and should be carefully followed up. The intense SOX4 staining in CLP indicated a different proliferation pattern of epithelium compared with oral mucosa cells. These findings suggest that SOX4 expression may also be associated with the different clinical courses of OLP and CLP.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Rosa EA, Hurtado‑Puerto AM, Falcão DP, Brietzke AP, de Almeida Prado Franceschi LE, Cavalcanti Neto FF, Tiziane V, Carneiro FP, Kogawa EM, Moreno H, Moreno H, et al: Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential. Exp Ther Med 15: 4157-4166, 2018.
APA
Rosa, E.A., Hurtado‑Puerto, A.M., Falcão, D.P., Brietzke, A.P., de Almeida Prado Franceschi, L.E., Cavalcanti Neto, F.F. ... Amorim, R.F. (2018). Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 4157-4166. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5971
MLA
Rosa, E. A., Hurtado‑Puerto, A. M., Falcão, D. P., Brietzke, A. P., de Almeida Prado Franceschi, L. E., Cavalcanti Neto, F. F., Tiziane, V., Carneiro, F. P., Kogawa, E. M., Moreno, H., Amorim, R. F."Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.5 (2018): 4157-4166.
Chicago
Rosa, E. A., Hurtado‑Puerto, A. M., Falcão, D. P., Brietzke, A. P., de Almeida Prado Franceschi, L. E., Cavalcanti Neto, F. F., Tiziane, V., Carneiro, F. P., Kogawa, E. M., Moreno, H., Amorim, R. F."Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 5 (2018): 4157-4166. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5971
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Rosa EA, Hurtado‑Puerto AM, Falcão DP, Brietzke AP, de Almeida Prado Franceschi LE, Cavalcanti Neto FF, Tiziane V, Carneiro FP, Kogawa EM, Moreno H, Moreno H, et al: Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential. Exp Ther Med 15: 4157-4166, 2018.
APA
Rosa, E.A., Hurtado‑Puerto, A.M., Falcão, D.P., Brietzke, A.P., de Almeida Prado Franceschi, L.E., Cavalcanti Neto, F.F. ... Amorim, R.F. (2018). Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 4157-4166. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5971
MLA
Rosa, E. A., Hurtado‑Puerto, A. M., Falcão, D. P., Brietzke, A. P., de Almeida Prado Franceschi, L. E., Cavalcanti Neto, F. F., Tiziane, V., Carneiro, F. P., Kogawa, E. M., Moreno, H., Amorim, R. F."Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.5 (2018): 4157-4166.
Chicago
Rosa, E. A., Hurtado‑Puerto, A. M., Falcão, D. P., Brietzke, A. P., de Almeida Prado Franceschi, L. E., Cavalcanti Neto, F. F., Tiziane, V., Carneiro, F. P., Kogawa, E. M., Moreno, H., Amorim, R. F."Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 5 (2018): 4157-4166. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5971
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