Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
August-2019 Volume 18 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2019 Volume 18 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis: A meta‑analysis

  • Authors:
    • Zhi‑Yong Wang
    • Xiao‑Dong Li
    • Ai‑Ling Sun
    • Xue‑Qin Fu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Pediatric Department, Weifang Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261011, P.R. China, Pediatric Department, Changyi People's Hospital, Changyi, Shandong 261300, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1338-1344
    |
    Published online on: June 18, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7684
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

A meta‑analysis was performed to analyze the efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline (HS) in bronchiolitis. Pubmed and MEDLINE databases were searched for relevant articles. A total of 2 authors selected the articles according to the inclusion criteria and then data were carefully extracted. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) values were used to pool continuous data, including length of stay and clinical severity score (CSS). Relative risk (RR) with 95% CI was calculated to determine the association between 3% HS and re‑admission. The pooled data revealed that infants treated with 3% HS exhibited shorter durations of hospitalization compared with those treated with normal saline (NS; WMD=‑0.43; 95% CI=‑0.70, ‑0.15). Subgroup analysis examining the combination of HS or NS with additional medication demonstrated that 3% HS with epinephrine significantly decreased the length of hospital stay, with a WMD=‑0.62 (95% CI=‑0.90, ‑0.33). The results indicated a lower CSS score in the 3% HS group compared with the NS group (SMD=‑0.80; 95% CI=‑1.06, ‑0.54). The pooled outcome indicated a beneficial effect of 3% HS on decreasing re‑admission rates compared with NS (RR=0.93; 95% CI=0.70, 1.23). No potential publication bias was observed (Begg's, P=0.133; Egger's, P=0.576). In conclusion, 3% HS was demonstrated to be a more successful therapy compared with NS for infants with bronchiolitis.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Klassen TP: Recent advances in the treatment of bronchiolitis and laryngitis. Pediatr Clin North Am. 44:249–261. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Kabra SK and Ghai OP: Respiratory disorders. In: Ghai Essentials Pediatrics. 6th edition. CBS Publishers and Distributors; New Delhi: pp. 352–354. 2004

3 

Hall CB, Weinberg GA, Iwane MK, Blumkin AK, Edwards KM, Staat MA, Auinger P, Griffin MR, Poehling KA, Erdman D, et al: The burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children. N Engl J Med. 360:588–598. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Dennis MM: Bonchiolitis. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract. 90:81–86. 2005.

5 

Mathew JL: Hypertonic saline nebulization for bronchiolitis. Indian Pediatr. 45:987–989. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Gadomski AM and Scribani MB: Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 6:CD0012662014.

7 

Skjerven HO, Hunderi JO, Brügmann-Pieper SK, Brun AC, Engen H, Eskedal L, Haavaldsen M, Kvenshagen B, Lunde J, Rolfsjord LB, et al: Racemic adrenaline and inhalation strategies in acute bronchiolitis. N Engl J Med. 368:2286–2293. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Farley R, Spurling GK, Eriksson L and Del Mar CB: Antibiotics for bronchiolitis in children under two years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 10:CD0051892014.

9 

Hartling L, Fernandes RM, Bialy L, Milne A, Johnson D, Plint A, Klassen TP and Vandermeer B: Steroids and bronchodilators for acute bronchiolitis in the first two years of life: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 342:d17142011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Fernandes RM and Hartling L: Glucocorticoids for acute viralbronchiolitis in infants and young children. JAMA. 311:87–88. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Wabnitz DA and Wormald PJ: A blind, randomized, controlled study on the effect of buffered 0.9 and 3% sodium chloride intranasal sprays on ciliary beat frequency. Laryngoscope. 115:803–805. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Wills PJ, Hall RL, Chan W and Cole PJ: Sodium chloride increases the ciliary transportability of cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis sputum on the mucusdepleted bovine trachea. J Clin Invest. 99:9–13. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Sood N, Bennett WD, Zeman K, Brown J, Foy C, Boucher RC and Knowles MR: Increasing concentration of inhaled saline with or without amiloride: Effect on mucociliary clearence in normal subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 167:158–163. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Kuzik BA, Al-Qadhi SA, Kent S, Flavin MP, Hopman W, Hotte S and Gander S: Nebulized hypertonic saline in the treatment of viral bronchiolitis in infants. J Pediatr. 151:266–270, 270.e1. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Sarrell EM, Tal G, Witzling M, Someck E, Houri S, Cohen HA and Mandelberg A: Nebulized 3% hypertonic saline solution treatment in ambulatory children with viral bronchiolitis decreases symptoms. Chest. 122:2015–2020. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Zhang L, Mendoza-Sassi RA, Wainwright C and Klassen TP: Nebulized hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis in infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 4:CD0064582008.

17 

Robinson M, Hemming AL, Regnis JA, Wong AG, Bailey DL, Bautovich GJ, King M and Bye PT: Effect of increasing doses of hypertonic saline on mucociliary clearance in patients with cystic fibrosis. Thorax. 52:900–903. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Tomooka LT, Murphy C and Davidson TM: Clinical study and literature review of nasal irrigation. Laryngoscope. 110:1189–1193. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Delvaux M, Henket M, Lau L, Kange P, Bartsch P, Djukanovic R and Louis R: Nebulised salbutamol administered during sputum induction improves bronchoprotection in patients with asthma. Thorax. 59:111–116. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Mandelberg A, Tal G, Witzling M, Someck E, Houri S, Balin A and Priel IE: Nebulized 3% hypertonic saline solution treatment in hospitalized infants with viral bronchiolitis. Chest. 123:484–487. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Tal G, Cesar K, Oron A, Houri S, Ballin A and Mandelberg A: Hypertonic saline epinephrine treatment in hospitalized infants with viral bronchiolitis reduces hospitalization stay: 2 years experience. Isr Med Assoc J. 8:169–173. 2006.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Luo Z, Fu Z, Liu E, Xu X, Fu X, Peng D, Liu Y, Li S, Zeng F and Yang X: Nebulized hypertonic saline treatment in hospitalized children with moderate to severe viral bronchiolitis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 17:1829–1833. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Luo Z, Liu E, Luo J, Li S, Zeng F, Yang X and Fu Z: Nebulized hypertonic saline/salbutamol solution treatment in hospitalized children with mild to moderate bronchiolitis. Pediatr Int. 52:199–202. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Miraglia Del Giudice M, Saitta F, Leonardi S, Capasso M, Niglio B, Chinellato I, Decimo F, Maiello N, Capristo C, Perrone L and Peroni D: Effectiveness of nebulized hypertonic saline and epinephrine in hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 25:485–491. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Wu S, Baker C, Lang ME, Schrager SM, Liley FF, Papa C, Mira V, Balkian A and Mason WH: Nebulized hypertonic saline for bronchiolitis: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 168:657–663. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Florin TA, Shaw KN, Kittick M, Yakscoe S and Zorc JJ: Nebulized hypertonic saline for bronchiolitis in the emergency department: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 168:664–670. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Sharma BS, Gupta MK and Rafik SP: Hypertonic (3%) saline vs. 0.93% saline nebulization for acute viral bronchiolitis: A randomized controlled trial. Indian Pediatr. 50:743–747. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Zhang Y, Ding S, Li C, Wang Y, Chen Z and Wang Z: Effects of N-acetylcysteine treatment in acute respiratory distress syndrome: A meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med. 14:2863–2868. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Gupta HV, Gupta VV, Kaur G, Baidwan AS, George PP, Shah JC, Shinde K, Malik R, Chitkara N and Bajaj KV: Effectiveness of 3% hypertonic saline nebulization in acute bronchiolitis among Indian children: A quasiexperimental study. Perspect Clin Res. 7:88–93. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Silver AH, Esteban-Cruciani N, Azzarone G, Douglas LC, Lee DS, Liewehr S, Nazif JM, Agalliu I, Villegas S, Rhim HJ, et al: 3% hypertonic saline versus normal saline in inpatient bronchiolitis: A randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics. 136:1036–1043. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Ojha AR, Mathema S, Sah S and Aryal UR: A comparative study on use of 3% saline versus 0.9% saline nebulization in children with bronchiolitis. J Nepal Health Res Counc. 12:39–43. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

32 

Flores P, Mendes AL and Neto AS: A randomized trial of nebulized 3% hypertonic saline with salbutamol in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 51:418–425. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Angoulvant F, Bellêttre X, Milcent K, Teglas JP, Claudet I, Le Guen CG, de Pontual L, Minodier P, Dubos F, Brouard J, et al: Effect of nebulized hypertonic saline treatment in emergency departments on the hospitalization rate for acute bronchiolitis: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 171:e1713332017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Al-Ansari K, Sakran M, Davidson BL, El Sayyed R, Mahjoub H and Ibrahim K: Nebulized 5 or 3% hypertonic or 0.9% saline for treating acute bronchiolitis in infants. J Pediatr. 157:630–634, 634.e1. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Teunissen J, Hochs AH, Vaessen-Verberne A, Boehmer AL, Smeets CC, Brackel H, van Gent R, Wesseling J, Logtens-Stevens D, de Moor R, et al: The effect of 3 and 6% hypertonic saline in viral bronchiolitis: A randomised controlled trial. Eur Respir J. 44:913–921. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Pandit S, Dhawana N and Thakur D: Utility of hypertonic saline in the management of acute bronchiolitis in infants: A randomised controlled study. Int J Clin Pediatr. 2:24–29. 2013.

37 

Everard ML, Hind D, Ugonna K, Freeman J, Bradburn M, Cooper CL, Cross E, Maguire C, Cantrill H, Alexander J and McNamara PS: SABRE: A multicentrerandomised control trial of nebulised hypertonic saline in infants hospitalised with acute bronchiolitis. Thorax. 69:1105–1112. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Mahesh Kumar KB, Karunakara BP, Manjunath MN and Mallikarjuna HB: Aerosolised hypertonic saline in hospitalized young children with acute bronchiolitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Pediatr Sci. 5:e1742013.

39 

Grewal S, Ali S, McConnell DW, Vandermeer B and Klassen TP: A randomized trial of nebulized 3% hypertonic saline with epinephrine in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in the emergency department. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 163:1007–1012. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Anil AB, Anil M, Saglam AB, Cetin N, Bal A and Aksu N: High volume normal saline alone is as effective as nebulized salbutamol-normal saline, epinephrine-normal saline, and 3% saline in mild bronchiolitis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 45:41–47. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Espelt MI; Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, : Efficacy of nebulized hypertonic saline in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis (Hypertonic). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01238848. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01238848?term=espelt+bronchiolitis&rank=1November 11–2010

42 

Köse S, Şehriyaroğlu A, Esen F, Özdemir A, Kardaş Z, Altuğ U, Karakuş E, Özcan A, Kısaarslan AF, Elmalı F, et al: Comparing the efficacy of 7, 3 and 0.9% saline in moderate to severe bronchiolitis in infants. Balkan Med J. 33:193–197. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Coffen SE: Bronchiolitis: Inpatient focus. Pediatr Clin North Am. 52:1047–1057. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Hall CB: Respiratory syncytial virus. In: Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 3rd. Philadelphia; Saunders: pp. pp1633–1656. 1991

45 

Hall CB: Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. N Engl J Med. 344:1917–1928. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Darville T and Yamauchi T: Respiratory syncytial virus. Pediatr Rev. 19:55–61. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Meert KL, Sarnaik AP, Gelmini MJ and Lieh-Lai MW: Aerosolized ribavirin in mechanically ventilated children with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract disease: A prospective double-blind, randomized trial. Crit Care Med. 22:566–572. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Moler FW, Steinhart CM, Ohmit SE and Stidham GL: Effectiveness of ribavirin in otherwise well infants with respiratory syncytial virus-associated respiratory failure. J Pediatr. 128:442–448. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Guerguerian AM, Gauthier M, Lebel MH, Farrell CA and Lacroix J: Ribavirin in ventilated respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 160:829–834. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Wheeler JG, Wofford J and Turner RB: Historical cohort evaluation of ribavirin efficacy in respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 12:209–213. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

van Woensel JB, Wolfs TF, van Aalderen WM, Brand PL and Kimpen JL: Randomized double blind placebo controlled trial of prednisolone in children admitted to hospital with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Thorax. 52:634–637. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Cade A, Brownlee KG, Conway SP, Haigh D, Short A, Brown J, Dassu D, Mason SA, Phillips A, Eglin R, et al: Randomised placebo controlled trial of nebulised corticosteroids in acute respiratory syncytial viral bronchiolitis. Arch Dis Child. 82:126–130. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Menon K, Sutcliffe T and Klassen TP: A randomized trial comparing the efficacy of epinephrine with salbutamol in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis. J Pediatr. 126:1004–1007. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Barr FE, Patel NR and Newth CJ: The pharmacologic mechanism by which inhaled epinephrine reduces airway obstruction in respiratory syncytial virus associated bronchiolitis. J Pediatr. 136:699–700. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Bertrand P, Araníbar H, Castro E and Sánchez I: Efficacy of nebulized epinephrine vs salbutamol in hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 31:384–288. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

56 

Flores G and Horwitz RI: Efficacy of 2-agonists in bronchiolitis: A reappraisal and meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 100:233–239. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Patterson JE, Bradley JM and Elborn JS: Airway clearance in bronchiectasis: A randomized crossover trial of active cycle of breathing techniques (incorporating postural drainage and vibration) versus test of incremental respiratory endurance. Chron Respir Dis. 1:127–130. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Charman J and Reid L: Sputum viscosity in chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma and cystic fibrosis. Biorheology. 9:185–199. 1972. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

59 

Ipek IO, Yalcin EU, Sezer RG and Bozaykut A: The efficacy of nebulized salbutamol, hypertonic saline and salbutamol/hypertonic saline combination in moderate bronchiolitis. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 24:633–637. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang ZY, Li XD, Sun AL and Fu XQ: Efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis: A meta‑analysis. Exp Ther Med 18: 1338-1344, 2019.
APA
Wang, Z., Li, X., Sun, A., & Fu, X. (2019). Efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis: A meta‑analysis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 18, 1338-1344. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7684
MLA
Wang, Z., Li, X., Sun, A., Fu, X."Efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis: A meta‑analysis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18.2 (2019): 1338-1344.
Chicago
Wang, Z., Li, X., Sun, A., Fu, X."Efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis: A meta‑analysis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18, no. 2 (2019): 1338-1344. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7684
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang ZY, Li XD, Sun AL and Fu XQ: Efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis: A meta‑analysis. Exp Ther Med 18: 1338-1344, 2019.
APA
Wang, Z., Li, X., Sun, A., & Fu, X. (2019). Efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis: A meta‑analysis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 18, 1338-1344. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7684
MLA
Wang, Z., Li, X., Sun, A., Fu, X."Efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis: A meta‑analysis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18.2 (2019): 1338-1344.
Chicago
Wang, Z., Li, X., Sun, A., Fu, X."Efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis: A meta‑analysis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18, no. 2 (2019): 1338-1344. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7684
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team