Immunological approaches and therapy in burns (Review)

Boldeanu,Lidia; Boldeanu,Mihail   Virgil; Bogdan,Maria; Meca,Andreea   Daniela; Coman,Corneliu   George; Buca,Beatrice   Rozalina; Tartau,Cosmin   Gabriel; Tartau,Liliana   Mititelu

doi:10.3892/etm.2020.8932

Immunological approaches and therapy in burns (Review)

Authors:
- Lidia Boldeanu
- Mihail Virgil Boldeanu
- Maria Bogdan
- Andreea Daniela Meca
- Corneliu George Coman
- Beatrice Rozalina Buca
- Cosmin Gabriel Tartau
- Liliana Mititelu Tartau
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Affiliations: Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania, Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania, Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania, Department of Pharmacology, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
Published online on: June 24, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.8932
Pages: 2361-2367
Copyright: © Boldeanu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Burns have become an important public health problem in the last two decades, with just over a quarter of a million deaths annually. Major burns are accompanied by a strong inflammatory response, which will most often lead to systemic response inflammatory syndrome, followed by sepsis and finally induce multiple organ failure. The main mechanism involved in wound healing after burns is the inflammatory process, characterized by the recruitment of myeloid and T cells and by the involvement of numerous cytokines, chemokines, complement fractions, as well as various growth factors. Inflammasomes, protein‑based cytosolic complexes, activated during metabolic stress or infection, play a role in modulating and improving the defense capacity of the innate immune system. Nucleotide‑binding domain and leucine‑rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been studied predominantly and several hypotheses have been issued. Restoring the balance between the pro‑inflammatory response and the anti‑inflammatory activity is the key element to effective therapy in burns. Severe burns require nutritional support and pharmacotherapy not only for burn area but for different pathological complications of burn injury. In‑depth research is required to find new ways to modulate the defense capacity, to prevent the complications of abnormal immune response and to treat burn injuries efficiently.

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