Mitochondrial nanotargeting in malignancies (Review)

Tomşa,Anamaria   Magdalena; Picoş,Andrei; Picoş,Alina   Monica; Răchişan,Andreea   Liana

doi:10.3892/etm.2020.9023

Mitochondrial nanotargeting in malignancies (Review)

Authors:
- Anamaria Magdalena Tomşa
- Andrei Picoş
- Alina Monica Picoş
- Andreea Liana Răchişan
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Affiliations: Department of Mother and Child, Second Pediatric Clinic, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania, Department of Prosthetics and Dental Materials, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
Published online on: July 17, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9023
Pages: 3444-3451

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Abstract

Malignancies represent a burden for the health system worldwide. Treating them represents a challenge through the prism of the cancer cell behaviour and the serious systemic side effects that usually occur. Both traditional (chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery) and associated therapies (immunotherapy and hormone therapy) have reached a plateau. The new trend for the management of malignancies includes nanoparticles (NPs) which are studied for both their diagnostic and therapeutical use. NPs can be designed in various ways, many of them targeting mitochondria causing cellular apoptosis. This review summarizes the main characteristics of NPs that are studied in different cancers to highlight their mechanism of action. Since mitochondria play a key role in the cellular homeostasis, they represent the main target for the experimental current studies. While there are NPs approved by the FDA for clinical use, most of them are still under extended research and still need to prove their efficacy and biocompatibility, preferable with minimal systemic side effects.

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