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Anti‑VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E‑cadherin/β‑catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models

  • Authors:
    • Ahmet Türkeli
    • Özge Yilmaz
    • Meral Karaman
    • Esra Toprak Kanik
    • Fatih Firinci
    • Sevinç İnan
    • Hasan Yüksel
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kütahya Health Science University Medical Faculty, Kütahya 43050, Turkey, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty, Manisa 45030, Turkey, Multidisciplinary Laboratory, Dokuz Eylül University Medical Faculty, Izmir 35210, Turkey, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Dokuz Eylül University Medical Faculty, Izmir 35210, Turkey, Department of Histology and Embryology, Izmir University of Economics, Medical Faculty, Izmir 35330, Turkey
    Copyright: © Türkeli et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 689
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    Published online on: April 29, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10121
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Abstract

Besides maintaining a physical barrier with adherens junctional (AJ) and tight junctional proteins, airway epithelial cells have important roles in modulating the inflammatory processes of allergic asthma. E‑cadherin and β‑catenin are the key AJ proteins that are involved in airway remodeling. Various mediators such as transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin‑like growth factor (IGF), tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), are released by the airway epithelium in allergic asthma. The signaling pathways activated by these growth factors trigger epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), which contributes to fibrosis and subsequent downregulation of E‑cadherin. The present study used a mouse asthma model to investigate the effects of anti‑VEGF, anti‑TNF and corticosteroid therapies on growth factor and E‑cadherin/β‑catenin expression. The study used 38 male BALB/c mice, divided into 5 groups. A chronic mouse asthma model was created by treating 4 of the groups with inhaled and intraperitoneal ovalbumin (n= 8 per group). Saline, anti‑TNF‑α (etanercept), anti‑VEGF (bevacizumab) or a corticosteroid (dexamethasone) were applied to each group by intraperitoneal injection. No medication was administered to the control group (n=6). Immunohistochemistry for E‑cadherin, β‑catenin and growth factors was performed on lung tissues and protein expression levels assessed using H‑scores. Statistically significant differences were observed in E‑cadherin, β‑catenin, EGF, FG, and PFGF (P<0.001 for all) as well as the IGF H‑scores between the five groups (P<0.005). Only anti‑VEGF treatment caused E‑cadherin and β‑catenin levels to increase to the level of non‑asthmatic control groups (P>0.005). All treatment groups had reduced TGF‑β, PDGF and FGF H‑scores in comparison with the untreated asthma group (P=0.001). The EGF and IGF levels were not significantly different between the untreated asthmatic and non‑asthmatic controls. The results suggested that anti‑VEGF and TNF‑α inhibition treatments are effective in decreasing growth factors, in a similar manner to conventional corticosteroid treatments. Anti‑VEGF and TNF inhibition therapy may be an effective treatment for remodeling in asthma while offering an alternative therapeutic option to steroid protective agents. The data suggested that anti‑VEGF treatment offered greater restoration of the epithelial barrier than both anti‑TNF‑α and corticosteroid treatment.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Türkeli A, Yilmaz Ö, Karaman M, Kanik ET, Firinci F, İnan S and Yüksel H: Anti‑VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E‑cadherin/β‑catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models. Exp Ther Med 22: 689, 2021.
APA
Türkeli, A., Yilmaz, Ö., Karaman, M., Kanik, E.T., Firinci, F., İnan, S., & Yüksel, H. (2021). Anti‑VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E‑cadherin/β‑catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 689. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10121
MLA
Türkeli, A., Yilmaz, Ö., Karaman, M., Kanik, E. T., Firinci, F., İnan, S., Yüksel, H."Anti‑VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E‑cadherin/β‑catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.1 (2021): 689.
Chicago
Türkeli, A., Yilmaz, Ö., Karaman, M., Kanik, E. T., Firinci, F., İnan, S., Yüksel, H."Anti‑VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E‑cadherin/β‑catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 1 (2021): 689. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10121
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Türkeli A, Yilmaz Ö, Karaman M, Kanik ET, Firinci F, İnan S and Yüksel H: Anti‑VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E‑cadherin/β‑catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models. Exp Ther Med 22: 689, 2021.
APA
Türkeli, A., Yilmaz, Ö., Karaman, M., Kanik, E.T., Firinci, F., İnan, S., & Yüksel, H. (2021). Anti‑VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E‑cadherin/β‑catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 689. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10121
MLA
Türkeli, A., Yilmaz, Ö., Karaman, M., Kanik, E. T., Firinci, F., İnan, S., Yüksel, H."Anti‑VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E‑cadherin/β‑catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.1 (2021): 689.
Chicago
Türkeli, A., Yilmaz, Ö., Karaman, M., Kanik, E. T., Firinci, F., İnan, S., Yüksel, H."Anti‑VEGF treatment suppresses remodeling factors and restores epithelial barrier function through the E‑cadherin/β‑catenin signaling axis in experimental asthma models". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 1 (2021): 689. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10121
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