Portal vein thrombosis: A concise review (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Raluca S. Costache
    • Andreea S. Dragomirică
    • Elena A. Dumitraș
    • Jinga Mariana
    • Ana Căruntu
    • Andrada Popescu
    • Daniel O. Costache
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: May 13, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10191
  • Article Number: 759
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Abstract

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a frequent complication in cirrhotic patients, but it may also exist as a basic vascular condition even without any liver damage. Local and systemic factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of PVT; yet, in practice, more than one factor may be identified. PVT can be considered a result of liver fibrosis and hepatic insufficiency. The JAK2 mutation has been accepted as a factor producing PVT. In general, the anticoagulants are recommended but this therapy should be used carefully in treating patients that associate coagulopathy or thrombocytopenia and esophageal varices. Acute PVT without bowel infarction has a good prognosis. In liver cirrhosis, the mortality due to hemorrhage is higher than in chronic PVT. Therefore, for the patients with PVT, the survival rate is decreased by 55% in two years, due to hepatic insufficiency. Regarding the treatment, LMWH (low molecular weight heparine) is the most utilized in patients with cirrhosis, non‑malignancies, infections, or those who are awaiting a liver transplant. DOACs (direct‑acting oral anticoagulants) may be used in the rest of the medical conditions, being safe and equal to LMWH.
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July-2021
Volume 22 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Costache RS, Dragomirică AS, Dumitraș EA, Mariana J, Căruntu A, Popescu A and Costache DO: Portal vein thrombosis: A concise review (Review). Exp Ther Med 22: 759, 2021
APA
Costache, R.S., Dragomirică, A.S., Dumitraș, E.A., Mariana, J., Căruntu, A., Popescu, A., & Costache, D.O. (2021). Portal vein thrombosis: A concise review (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 759. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10191
MLA
Costache, R. S., Dragomirică, A. S., Dumitraș, E. A., Mariana, J., Căruntu, A., Popescu, A., Costache, D. O."Portal vein thrombosis: A concise review (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.1 (2021): 759.
Chicago
Costache, R. S., Dragomirică, A. S., Dumitraș, E. A., Mariana, J., Căruntu, A., Popescu, A., Costache, D. O."Portal vein thrombosis: A concise review (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 1 (2021): 759. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10191