Restless legs syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case‑control study

Falup-Pecurariu,Cristian; Enache,Anca; Duca,Liliana; Fotescu,Camil; Falup-Pecurariu,Oana; Monescu,Vlad; Diaconu,Ştefania; Sirbu,Carmen Adella

doi:10.3892/etm.2021.10234

Restless legs syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case‑control study

Authors:
- Cristian Falup-Pecurariu
- Anca Enache
- Liliana Duca
- Camil Fotescu
- Oana Falup-Pecurariu
- Vlad Monescu
- Ştefania Diaconu
- Carmen Adella Sirbu
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Affiliations: Department of Neurology, County Emergency Clinic Hospital, 500365 Brasov, Romania, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University, 500036 Brasov, Romania, Department of Immunology, County Emergency Clinic Hospital, 500365 Brasov, Romania, Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Transilvania University, 500036 Brasov, Romania, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Titu Maiorescu’ University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
Published online on: May 26, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10234
Article Number: 802

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Abstract

Sleep disturbances in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are not well understood. The restless legs syndrome (RLS) is one of the frequent occurring sleep disturbances in SLE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of RLS and its characteristics in SLE. We evaluated, in a prospective case‑control study, 26 patients with SLE and 26 patients without SLE in an age‑ and sex‑matched control group. An RLS‑positive diagnosis met International RLS Study Group (IRLSSG) criteria. We used standardized questionnaires, which included demographic data, medical history and sleep assessment. We used validated questionnaires and scales to assess sleep. There were 23/26 females (88.46%) in each group; the mean patient age in the SLE subgroup was 51.65 years, while in the control subgroup, 52.07 years (range 30‑74). Nine (34.2%) patients had RLS‑positive criteria in the SLE group and 2 (7.69%) of 26 in the control group. Eight out of 9 patients described RLS onset after SLE was diagnosed. In the SLE group, 8 cases were of moderate severity and 1 was considered mild. The control group had one mild and one moderate case of RLS. RLS prevalence in SLE is higher and the quality of sleep is poorer compared with the control group.

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