Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
September-2021 Volume 22 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2021 Volume 22 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Article Open Access

Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation

  • Authors:
    • Qin Chen
    • Xiaoming Zhou
    • Ruonan Hou
    • Zhiliang Zhou
    • Zhiyi Wang
    • Ying Chen
    • Jie Weng
    • Junnan Xu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China, Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China, Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 1042
    |
    Published online on: July 21, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10474
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Sepsis and septic shock are the main cause of mortality in intensive care units. The prevention and treatment of sepsis remains a significant challenge worldwide. The endothelial cell barrier plays a critical role in the development of sepsis. Aminophylline, a non‑selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has been demonstrated to reduce endothelial cell permeability. However, little is known regarding the role of aminophylline in regulating vascular permeability during sepsis, as well as the potential underlying mechanisms. In the present study, the Slit2/Robo4 signaling pathway, the downstream protein, vascular endothelial (VE)‑cadherin and endothelial cell permeability were investigated in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced inflammation model. It was indicated that, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), LPS downregulated Slit2, Robo4 and VE‑cadherin protein expression levels and, as expected, increased endothelial cell permeability in vitro during inflammation. After administration of aminophylline, the protein expression levels of Slit2, Robo4 and VE‑cadherin were upregulated and endothelial cell permeability was significantly improved. These results suggested that the permeability of endothelial cells could be mediated by VE‑cadherin via the Slit2/Robo4 signaling pathway. Aminophylline reduced endothelial permeability in a LPS‑induced inflammation model. Therefore, aminophylline may represent a promising candidate for modulating vascular permeability induced by inflammation or sepsis.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Shankar-Hari M, Phillips GS, Levy ML, Seymour CW, Liu VX, Deutschman CS, Angus DC, Rubenfeld GD and Singer M: Sepsis Definitions Task Force: Developing a new definition and assessing new clinical criteria for septic shock: For the third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 315:775–787. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Weng J, Wu H, Xu Z, Xi H, Chen C, Chen D, Gong Y, Hua Y and Wang Z: The role of propionic acid at diagnosis predicts mortality in patients with septic shock. J Crit Care. 43:95–101. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Cecconi M, Evans L, Levy M and Rhodes A: Sepsis and septic shock. Lancet. 392:75–87. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Lelubre C and Vincent JL: Mechanisms and treatment of organ failure in sepsis. Nat Rev Nephrol. 14:417–427. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Cross D, Drury R, Hill J and Pollard AJ: Epigenetics in sepsis: Understanding its role in endothelial dysfunction, immunosuppression, and potential therapeutics. Front Immunol. 10(1363)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Ni J, Lin M, Jin Y, Li J, Guo Y, Zhou J, Hong G, Zhao G and Lu Z: Gas6 attenuates sepsis-induced tight junction injury and vascular endothelial hyperpermeability via the Axl/NF-κB signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol. 10(662)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Gao S, Wake H, Gao Y, Wang D, Mori S, Liu K, Teshigawara K, Takahashi H and Nishibori M: Histidine-rich glycoprotein ameliorates endothelial barrier dysfunction through regulation of NF-κB and MAPK signal pathway. Br J Pharmacol. 176:2808–2824. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Martinez-Quinones P, Komic A, McCarthy CG, Webb RC and Wenceslau CF: Targeting endothelial barrier dysfunction caused by circulating bacterial and mitochondrial N-formyl peptides with deformylase. Front Immunol. 10(1270)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Rothberg JM, Hartley DA, Walther Z and Artavanis-Tsakonas S: Slit: An EGF-homologous locus of D. Melanogaster involved in the development of the embryonic central nervous system. Cell. 55:1047–1059. 1988.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Mommersteeg MT, Andrews WD, Ypsilanti AR, Zelina P, Yeh ML, Norden J, Kispert A, Chedotal A, Christoffels VM and Parnavelas JG: Slit-roundabout signaling regulates the development of the cardiac systemic venous return and pericardium. Circ Res. 112:465–475. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Fan X, Li Q, Pisarek-Horowitz A, Rasouly HM, Wang X, Bonegio RG, Wang H, McLaughlin M, Mangos S, Kalluri R, et al: Inhibitory effects of Robo2 on nephrin: A crosstalk between positive and negative signals regulating podocyte structure. Cell Rep. 2:52–61. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Jiang Z, Liang G, Xiao Y, Qin T, Chen X, Wu E, Ma Q and Wang Z: Targeting the SLIT/ROBO pathway in tumor progression: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 11(1758835919855238)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Zhao H, Anand AR and Ganju RK: Slit2-Robo4 pathway modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial inflammation and its expression is dysregulated during endotoxemia. J Immunol. 192:385–393. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Schnoor M, Ponce AG, Vadillo E, Pelayo R, Rossaint J and Zarbock A: Actin dynamics in the regulation of endothelial barrier functions and neutrophil recruitment during endotoxemia and sepsis. Cell Mol Life Sci. 74:1985–1997. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Xiao F, Wang D, Kong L, Li M, Feng Z, Shuai B, Wang L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu S, et al: Intermedin protects against sepsis by concurrently re-establishing the endothelial barrier and alleviating inflammatory responses. Nat Commun. 9(2644)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Möller AD and Grände PO: Low-dose prostacyclin is superior to terbutaline and aminophylline in reducing capillary permeability in cat skeletal muscle in vivo. Crit Care Med. 27:130–136. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Korn C, Neidlein R, Strein K and Wilhelms OH: Comparison of the effects of ularitide acetate and other bronchorelaxing substances on the thrombin-induced permeability raise of human endothelial cell monolayers. Arzneimittelforschung. 48:251–258. 1998.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Foy T, Marion J, Brigham KL and Harris TR: Isoproterenol and aminophylline reduce lung capillary filtration during high permeability. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 46:146–151. 1979.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Weng J, Tu M, Wang P, Zhou X, Wang C, Wan X, Zhou Z, Wang L, Zheng X, Li J, et al: Amiodarone induces cell proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation via ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling in fibroblasts. Biomed Pharmacother. 115(108889)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Weng J, Chen H, Wu H, Tu M, Wang Z, Chen D, Wang Z and Chen C: Amiodarone induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in A549 cells via activation of TGF-β1. Drug Chem Toxicol. 43:415–422. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Dickson K and Lehmann C: Inflammatory response to different toxins in experimental sepsis models. Int J Mol Sci. 20(4341)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Zhang F, Prahst C, Mathivet T, Pibouin-Fragner L, Zhang J, Genet G, Tong R, Dubrac A and Eichmann A: The Robo4 cytoplasmic domain is dispensable for vascular permeability and neovascularization. Nat Commun. 7(13517)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Weng J, Zhou X, Xie H, Gao Y, Wang Z and Gong Y: Slit2/Robo4 signaling pathway modulates endothelial hyper-permeability in a two-event in vitro model of transfusion-related acute lung injury. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 76:7–12. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Zhang X, Yu J, Kuzontkoski PM, Zhu W, Li DY and Groopman JE: Slit2/Robo4 signaling modulates HIV-1 gp120-induced lymphatic hyperpermeability. PLoS Pathog. 8(e1002461)2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Shirakura K, Ishiba R, Kashio T, Funatsu R, Tanaka T, Fukada SI, Ishimoto K, Hino N, Kondoh M, Ago Y, et al: The Robo4-TRAF7 complex suppresses endothelial hyperpermeability in inflammation. J Cell Sci. 132(jcs220228)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Koch AW, Mathivet T, Larrivée B, Tong RK, Kowalski J, Pibouin-Fragner L, Bouvrée K, Stawicki S, Nicholes K, Rathore N, et al: Robo4 maintains vessel integrity and inhibits angiogenesis by interacting with UNC5B. Dev Cell. 20:33–46. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Goldenberg NM, Steinberg BE, Slutsky AS and Lee WL: Broken barriers: A new take on sepsis pathogenesis. Sci Transl Med. 3(88ps25)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Darwish I and Liles WC: Emerging therapeutic strategies to prevent infection-related microvascular endothelial activation and dysfunction. Virulence. 4:572–582. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Mizus I, Summer W, Farrukh I, Michael JR and Gurtner GH: Isoproterenol or aminophylline attenuate pulmonary edema after acid lung injury. Am Rev Respir Dis. 131:256–259. 1985.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Lindenschmidt RC and Witschi H: Attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis in mice by aminophylline. Biochem Pharmacol. 34:4269–4273. 1985.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Nowak D, Rozniecki J, Ruta U, Bednarowicz A and Izdebski J: The influence of aminophylline on human neutrophils-possible protection of lung from proteolytic injury. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 36:351–360. 1988.PubMed/NCBI

32 

Bhatt GC, Gogia P, Bitzan M and Das RR: Theophylline and aminophylline for prevention of acute kidney injury in neonates and children: A systematic review. Arch Dis Child. 104:670–679. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Seo K, Choi JW, Kim DW, Han D, Noh SJ and Jung HS: Aminophylline effect on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Transplant Proc. 49:358–365. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Su X, Xie X, Liu L, Lv J, Song F, Perkovic V and Zhang H: Comparative effectiveness of 12 treatment strategies for preventing contrast-induced acute kidney injury: A systematic review and bayesian network meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 69:69–77. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Matthay RA and Mahler DA: Theophylline improves global cardiac function and reduces dyspnea in chronic obstructive lung disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 78 (4 Pt 2):793–799. 1986.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Harada H, Ishizaka A, Yonemaru M, Mallick AA, Hatherill JR, Zheng H, Lilly CM, O'Hanley PT and Raffin TA: The effects of aminophylline and pentoxifylline on multiple organ damage after escherichia coli sepsis. Am Rev Respir Dis. 140:974–980. 1989.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Hsu K, Wang D, Chang ML, Wu CP and Chen HI: Pulmonary edema induced by phorbol myristate acetate is attenuated by compounds that increase intracellular cAMP. Res Exp Med (Berl). 196:17–28. 1996.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Sciuto AM, Strickland PT, Kennedy TP and Gurtner GH: Postexposure treatment with aminophylline protects against phosgene-induced acute lung injury. Exp Lung Res. 23:317–332. 1997.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Berthiaume Y: Effect of exogenous cAMP and aminophylline on alveolar and lung liquid clearance in anesthetized sheep. J Appl Physiol (1985). 70:2490–2497. 1991.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Sato K, Stelzner TJ, O'Brien RF, Weil JV and Welsh CH: Pentoxifylline lessens the endotoxin-induced increase in albumin clearance across pulmonary artery endothelial monolayers with and without neutrophils. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 4:219–227. 1991.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chen Q, Zhou X, Hou R, Zhou Z, Wang Z, Chen Y, Weng J and Xu J: Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation. Exp Ther Med 22: 1042, 2021.
APA
Chen, Q., Zhou, X., Hou, R., Zhou, Z., Wang, Z., Chen, Y. ... Xu, J. (2021). Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 1042. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10474
MLA
Chen, Q., Zhou, X., Hou, R., Zhou, Z., Wang, Z., Chen, Y., Weng, J., Xu, J."Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.3 (2021): 1042.
Chicago
Chen, Q., Zhou, X., Hou, R., Zhou, Z., Wang, Z., Chen, Y., Weng, J., Xu, J."Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 3 (2021): 1042. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10474
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chen Q, Zhou X, Hou R, Zhou Z, Wang Z, Chen Y, Weng J and Xu J: Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation. Exp Ther Med 22: 1042, 2021.
APA
Chen, Q., Zhou, X., Hou, R., Zhou, Z., Wang, Z., Chen, Y. ... Xu, J. (2021). Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 1042. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10474
MLA
Chen, Q., Zhou, X., Hou, R., Zhou, Z., Wang, Z., Chen, Y., Weng, J., Xu, J."Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.3 (2021): 1042.
Chicago
Chen, Q., Zhou, X., Hou, R., Zhou, Z., Wang, Z., Chen, Y., Weng, J., Xu, J."Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 3 (2021): 1042. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10474
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team