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Case Report Open Access

Systemic mastocytosis with flushing and hypotension: A case report and literature review

  • Authors:
    • An-Tian Chen
    • Xin-Yu Ren
    • Wei Chen
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 404
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    Published online on: February 25, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9835
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Abstract

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a heterogeneous disease of the bone marrow, which is characterized by the abnormal proliferation and infiltration of mast cells in one or more organs, such as the skin, bone marrow, digestive tract, liver and spleen. Urticaria pigmentosa is a typical but infrequent manifestation of SM. Other clinical presentations are non‑specific, varying from pruritus and hypotension to multiple organ dysfunction, which may be lethal when hemodynamic changes occur, such as the sharp decline in blood pressure observed in the present case. In patients who lack skin lesions, the diagnosis of SM is frequently challenging. The present study reported on a 58‑year‑old male who presented with episodic flushing and syncope. The patient demonstrated marked neutrophilia and reduced blood potassium concentrations soon after the onset of each episode, which was able to last several hours, ranging from once to four times a year. SM without skin lesions was suspected and confirmed after multifocal bone marrow aspiration, which revealed dense infiltrates of mast cells (≥15 mast cells), with positive toluidine blue and CD117 staining. The present case illustrates the significance of taking SM or mast cell activation syndrome into consideration when unexplained recurrent hypotension or even syncope are observed, care should be taken to exclude differential diagnoses, as some of them may have much poorer prognoses and require alternative treatments.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chen A, Ren X and Chen W: Systemic mastocytosis with flushing and hypotension: A case report and literature review. Exp Ther Med 21: 404, 2021.
APA
Chen, A., Ren, X., & Chen, W. (2021). Systemic mastocytosis with flushing and hypotension: A case report and literature review. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 404. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9835
MLA
Chen, A., Ren, X., Chen, W."Systemic mastocytosis with flushing and hypotension: A case report and literature review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.4 (2021): 404.
Chicago
Chen, A., Ren, X., Chen, W."Systemic mastocytosis with flushing and hypotension: A case report and literature review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 4 (2021): 404. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9835
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Chen A, Ren X and Chen W: Systemic mastocytosis with flushing and hypotension: A case report and literature review. Exp Ther Med 21: 404, 2021.
APA
Chen, A., Ren, X., & Chen, W. (2021). Systemic mastocytosis with flushing and hypotension: A case report and literature review. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 404. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9835
MLA
Chen, A., Ren, X., Chen, W."Systemic mastocytosis with flushing and hypotension: A case report and literature review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.4 (2021): 404.
Chicago
Chen, A., Ren, X., Chen, W."Systemic mastocytosis with flushing and hypotension: A case report and literature review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 4 (2021): 404. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9835
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