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Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Jianfeng He
    • Danyong Liu
    • Lixia Zhao
    • Dongcheng Zhou
    • Jianhui Rong
    • Liangqing Zhang
    • Zhengyuan Xia
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China, Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China, Department of Internal Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, P.R. China
    Copyright: © He et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 430
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    Published online on: May 6, 2022
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11357
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Abstract

Myocardial infarction is one of the primary causes of mortality in patients with coronary heart disease worldwide. Early treatment of acute myocardial infarction restores blood supply of ischemic myocardium and decreases the mortality risk. However, when the interrupted myocardial blood supply is recovered within a certain period of time, it causes more serious damage to the original ischemic myocardium; this is known as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to MIRI are associated with oxidative stress, intracellular calcium overload, energy metabolism disorder, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, pyroptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis. These interplay with one another and directly or indirectly lead to aggravation of the effect. In the past, apoptosis and autophagy have attracted more attention but necroptosis and ferroptosis also serve key roles. However, the mechanism of MIRI has not been fully elucidated. The present study reviews the mechanisms underlying MIRI. Based on current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of MIRI, the association between cell death‑associated signaling pathways were elaborated, providing direction for investigation of novel targets in clinical treatment.
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Spandidos Publications style
He J, Liu D, Zhao L, Zhou D, Rong J, Zhang L and Xia Z: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review). Exp Ther Med 23: 430, 2022.
APA
He, J., Liu, D., Zhao, L., Zhou, D., Rong, J., Zhang, L., & Xia, Z. (2022). Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 23, 430. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11357
MLA
He, J., Liu, D., Zhao, L., Zhou, D., Rong, J., Zhang, L., Xia, Z."Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23.6 (2022): 430.
Chicago
He, J., Liu, D., Zhao, L., Zhou, D., Rong, J., Zhang, L., Xia, Z."Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23, no. 6 (2022): 430. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11357
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Spandidos Publications style
He J, Liu D, Zhao L, Zhou D, Rong J, Zhang L and Xia Z: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review). Exp Ther Med 23: 430, 2022.
APA
He, J., Liu, D., Zhao, L., Zhou, D., Rong, J., Zhang, L., & Xia, Z. (2022). Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 23, 430. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11357
MLA
He, J., Liu, D., Zhao, L., Zhou, D., Rong, J., Zhang, L., Xia, Z."Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23.6 (2022): 430.
Chicago
He, J., Liu, D., Zhao, L., Zhou, D., Rong, J., Zhang, L., Xia, Z."Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23, no. 6 (2022): 430. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11357
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