Open Access

Efficacy and safety of adjuvant therapy with PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors in cancer

  • Authors:
    • Dun-Chang Mo
    • Zi-Yu Liang
    • Long Chen
    • Jian-Feng Huang
    • Peng-Hui Luo
    • Han-Lei Wang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 8, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11685
  • Article Number: 749
  • Copyright: © Mo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Anti‑programmed cell death protein‑1 (PD‑1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD‑L1) antibodies have been widely used in cancers. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors in human cancers. Studies were searched from Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated adjuvant therapy with anti‑PD‑1/PD‑L1 agents in solid cancers were eligible for inclusion. As the primary focus of the meta‑analysis, clinical outcome measures including overall survival (OS), disease‑free survival (DFS), and adverse events (AEs) were analyzed by Stata 15.0 software. A total of six RCTs (n=4,436) met the inclusion criteria. The DFS [hazard ratio (HR)=0.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63‑0.78; P<0.001] and OS (HR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.46‑0.86, P<0.001) of patients were significantly prolonged by adjuvant immunotherapy. Subgroup analysis indicated that significantly improved DFS was observed in patients treated with different anti‑PD‑1/PD‑L1 drugs (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or atezolizumab), as well as in those with different tumors (melanoma, urothelial carcinoma, esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer, or renal cell carcinoma), and PD‑L1 status [negative (<1%) or positive (≥1%)]. However, PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors was associated with increased ≥ grade 3 treatment‑related AEs (odds ratio=1.63; 95% CI: 1.20‑2.21; P=0.002). The available evidence suggests that adjuvant therapy with PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors provided more survival benefit than placebo for patients with cancer, with increased grade 3 or higher AEs. Prospero registration no. CRD42021290654.
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December-2022
Volume 24 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Mo D, Liang Z, Chen L, Huang J, Luo P and Wang H: Efficacy and safety of adjuvant therapy with PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors in cancer. Exp Ther Med 24: 749, 2022
APA
Mo, D., Liang, Z., Chen, L., Huang, J., Luo, P., & Wang, H. (2022). Efficacy and safety of adjuvant therapy with PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors in cancer. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 24, 749. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11685
MLA
Mo, D., Liang, Z., Chen, L., Huang, J., Luo, P., Wang, H."Efficacy and safety of adjuvant therapy with PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors in cancer". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 24.6 (2022): 749.
Chicago
Mo, D., Liang, Z., Chen, L., Huang, J., Luo, P., Wang, H."Efficacy and safety of adjuvant therapy with PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors in cancer". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 24, no. 6 (2022): 749. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11685