Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
March-2023 Volume 25 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March-2023 Volume 25 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review Open Access

Laser nasal surgery (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Mihai Ionuț Tănase
    • Mara Bulmaci
    • Constantin Stan
    • Rădeanu Gheorghe Doinel
    • Marcel Cosgarea
    • Septimiu Sever Pop
    • Alma Aurelia Maniu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
    Copyright: © Tănase et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 108
    |
    Published online on: January 24, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11807
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Laser nasal surgery has been an elusive subject in the last 10 to 15 years It was considered as a potential surgical staple for nasal surgery in the 1980s; however, it did not become one due to technical difficulties. Laser therapy has reemerged as an alternative to classical endoscopic surgery, and otorhinolaryngology surgeons are considering the benefits that it can offer. The advantages of this procedure are shorter hospitalization time, lack of nasal packing, high procedural precision with tissue sparing, and the unique capability of reducing both bacterial and fungal colonization at the level of the paranasal sinus. Therefore, laser therapy appears to be an invaluable tool for clinical practice. Due to the absence of a guaranteed cure for reoccurring nasal polyposis, laser therapy is worth investigating. For this therapy to evolve, an improved understanding of laser types and the effects that they produce is required. By investing in further developments of the equipment, the technique may become more widely used. With the current accelerated rate of technological evolution and robotic capabilities, laser nasal surgery may become a gold standard in future years. The aim of the present review is to evaluate whether it is worth investing in nasal laser surgery as a future alternative to current treatment standards.
View Figures
View References

1 

Ceballos Cantu JC, Alobid I and Mullol J: Current evaluation and management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 18:1253–1263. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Simpson GT, Shapshay SM, Vaughn CW and Strong MS: Rhinologic surgery with the carbon dioxide laser. Laryngoscope. 92:412–415. 1982.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Sato K and Nakashima T: Endoscopic sinus surgery for antrochoanal polyp using CO2 laser and/or microresector: A long-term result. J Laryngol Otol. 119:362–365. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Bottero E, Mussi E, Raponi F, de Lorenzi D and Ruggiero P: Diagnosis and outcome of nasal polyposis in 23 dogs treated medically or by endoscopic debridement. Can Vet J. 62:736–742. 2021.PubMed/NCBI

5 

Di Cicco ME, Bizzoco F, Morelli E, Seccia V, Ragazzo V, Peroni DG and Comberiati P: Nasal polyps in children: The early origins of a challenging adulthood condition. Children (Basel). 8(997)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Metin Önerci T and Ferguson BJ (eds): Nasal polyposis: Pathogenesis, medical and surgical treatment. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp 1-311, 2010.

7 

Levine HL: Endoscopy and the KTP/532 laser for nasal sinus disease. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 98 (1 Pt 1):46–51. 1989.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Feng F, Zhou Y, Hong W, Li K and Xie L: Development and experiments of a continuum robotic system for transoral laryngeal surgery. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg. 17:497–505. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Herd RM, Dover JS and Arndt KA: Basic laser principles. Dermatol Clin. 15:355–372. 1997.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Bogdan Allemann I and Kaufman J: Laser principles. Curr Probl Dermatol. 42:7–23. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Chung H, Dai T, Sharma SK, Huang YY, Carroll JD and Hamblin MR: The nuts and bolts of low-level laser (Light) therapy. Ann Biomed Eng. 40:516–533. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Archer KA and Carniol P: Diode Laser and Fractional Laser Innovations. Facial Plast Surg. 35:248–255. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Neruntarat C, Khuancharee K and Shoowit P: Er:YAG laser for snoring: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci. 35:1231–1238. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Sieśkiewicz A, Rogowski M and Olszewska E: Selected applications of diode laser in laryngological surgery. Otolaryngol Pol. 62:549–552. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (InPolish).

15 

Monteiro L, Delgado ML, Garcês F, Machado M, Ferreira F, Martins M, Salazar F and Pacheco JJ: A histological evaluation of the surgical margins from human oral fibrous-epithelial lesions excised with CO2 laser, Diode laser, Er:YAG laser, Nd:YAG laser, electrosurgical scalpel and cold scalpel. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 24:e271–e280. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Liu R, Sun K, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Kang J and Ma H: Clinical comparison between Er: YAG and CO2 laser in treatment of oral tumorous lesions: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(e20942)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Keane WM and Atkins JP Jr: CO2 laser surgery of the upper airway. Surg Clin North Am. 64:955–971. 1984.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Sroka R, Janda P, Killian T, Vaz F, Betz CS and Leunig A: Comparison of long term results after Ho:YAG and diode laser treatment of hyperplastic inferior nasal turbinates. Lasers Surg Med. 39:324–331. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Sato K: Endoscopic sinus surgery for the anterior maxillary sinus, using a 135 degrees reflective CO2 laser. J Laryngol Otol. 122:918–920. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Levine HL: Endonasal laser surgery: An update. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 39:493–501, viii. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Fokkens WJ, Lund VJ, Hopkins C, Hellings PW, Kern R, Reitsma S, Toppila-Salmi S, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Mullol J, Alobid I, et al: European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2020. Rhinology. 58 (Suppl S29):S1–S464. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Bachert C, Zhang N, Cavaliere C, Weiping W, Gevaert E and Krysko O: Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 145:725–739. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Cuevas M and Zahnert T: Biologics: A new option in treatment of severe chronic rhinosinusits with nasal polyps. Laryngorhinootologie. 100:134–145. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In German).

24 

Selkin SG: Pitfalls in intranasal laser surgery and how to avoid them. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 112:285–289. 1986.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Chong LY, Piromchai P, Sharp S, Snidvongs K, Philpott C, Hopkins C and Burton MJ: Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2(CD013513)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Malvezzi L, Pirola F, De Virgilio A and Heffler E: Long-lasting clinical, radiological and immunological remission of severe nasal polyposis by means of ‘reboot’ surgery. BMJ Case Rep. 13(e233726)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Zernotti ME, Angel Villegas N, Roques Revol M, Baena-Cagnani CE, Arce Miranda JE, Paredes ME, Albesa I and Paraje MG: Evidence of bacterial biofilms in nasal polyposis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 20:380–385. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

28 

Wang Y, Chen S, Chen J, Zhang W, Gong G, Zhou T and Kong W: Bacterial biofilm formation after nasal packing in nasal mucosa-wounded mice. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 27:e91–e95. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Zaha DC, Bungau S, Aleya S, Tit DM, Vesa CM, Popa AR, Pantis C, Maghiar OA, Bratu OG, Furau C, et al: What antibiotics for what pathogens? The sensitivity spectrum of isolated strains in an intensive care unit. Sci Total Environ. 687:118–127. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Dag I, Acar M, Sakallioglu O, Catli T, San T and Cingi C: Influence of surface properties of Merocel® (polyvinyl acetal) and silicone nasal splints on biofilm formation. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 271:1519–1524. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Acar M, Catli T, Dag I, San T and Cingi C: Microbial biofilm formation on silicone nasal splints: Optimal time for splint removal. Rhinology. 52:371–375. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Cantero D, Cooksley C, Jardeleza C, Bassiouni A, Jones D, Wormald PJ and Vreugde S: A human nasal explant model to study Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in vitro. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 3:556–562. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Leong SC, Mogre D, Andrews P and Davies E: Reducing the risks of endoscopic sinonasal surgery in the Covid-19 era. Clin Otolaryngol. 46:809–815. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Hanssen AM, Kindlund B, Stenklev NC, Furberg AS, Fismen S, Olsen RS, Johannessen M and Sollid JU: Localization of Staphylococcus aureus in tissue from the nasal vestibule in healthy carriers. BMC Microbiol. 17(89)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Sun F, Zhou K, Chen XD, Xu XL and Zha DJ: Screening and antibiotic resistance analysis of nasal colonized bacteria in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 33:736–741. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In Chinese).

36 

Krespi YP and Kizhner V: Laser-assisted nasal decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Am J Otolaryngol. 33:572–575. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Biener G, Masson-Meyers DS, Bumah VV, Hussey G, Stoneman MR, Enwemeka CS and Raicu V: Blue/violet laser inactivates methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by altering its transmembrane potential. J Photochem Photobiol B. 170:118–124. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Balikoglu-Yilmaz M, Esen AB, Yilmaz T, Taskin U, Taskapili M, Oktay MF, Sen E and Kose T: Bacteriological profile in conjunctival, lacrimal sac, and nasal specimens and conjunctival normalization time following external, endoscopic, and transcanalicular multidiode laser dacryocystorhinostomy. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 79:163–170. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Scherer H, Reichert K and Schildhauer S: Laser surgery of the middle nasal meatus in recurrent sinusitis. Laryngorhinootologie. 78:50–53. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In German).

40 

Herbert S, Worlitzsch D, Dassy B, Boutonnier A, Fournier JM, Bellon G, Dalhoff A and Döring G: Regulation of Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharide type 5: CO2 inhibition in vitro and in vivo. J Infect Dis. 176:431–438. 1997.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Abstracts of the American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery 30th Annual Conference Phoenix, Arizona USA April 16-April 18, 2010. Lasers Surg Med. (Suppl 22):1–125. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Bachert C, Zhang N, Hellings PW and Bousquet J: Endotype-driven care pathways in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 141:1543–1551. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Caffier PP, Neumann K, Enzmann H, Paschen C, Scherer H and Göktas O: Endoscopic diode laser polypectomy and high-dose intranasal steroids in recurrent nasal polyposis. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 24:143–149. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Alsharif S, Jonstam K, van Zele T, Gevaert P, Holtappels G and Bachert C: Endoscopic sinus surgery for type-2 CRS wNP: An endotype-based retrospective study. Laryngoscope. 129:1286–1292. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Wang HK, Wang PC, Tsai YH, Huang TC and Hsu SY: Endoscope-assisted KTP laser sinus clear-out procedure for recurrent ethmoid polyposis. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 21:93–98. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Parimbelli E, Simon C, Soldati F, Duchoud L, Armas GL, de Almeida JR and Quaglini S: Quality of life and health-related utility after trans-oral surgery for head and neck cancers. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 19(250)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Chhabra N and Houser SM: Surgical options for the allergic rhinitis patient. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 20:199–204. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

48 

Olszewska E, Sieskiewicz A, Kasacka I, Rogowski M, Zukowska M, Soroczyńska J and Rutkowska J: Cytology of nasal mucosa, olfactometry and rhinomanometry in patients after CO2 laser mucotomy in inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 48:217–221. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Wallace DV: Treatment options for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Allergy Asthma Proc. 42:450–460. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

50 

Kanjanawasee D, Campbell RG, Rimmer J, Alvarado R, Kanjanaumporn J, Snidvongs K, Kalish L, Harvey RJ and Sacks R: Empty nose syndrome pathophysiology: A systematic review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 167:434–451. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Tănase MI, Bulmaci M, Stan C, Doinel RG, Cosgarea M, Pop SS and Maniu AA: Laser nasal surgery (Review). Exp Ther Med 25: 108, 2023.
APA
Tănase, M.I., Bulmaci, M., Stan, C., Doinel, R.G., Cosgarea, M., Pop, S.S., & Maniu, A.A. (2023). Laser nasal surgery (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 25, 108. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11807
MLA
Tănase, M. I., Bulmaci, M., Stan, C., Doinel, R. G., Cosgarea, M., Pop, S. S., Maniu, A. A."Laser nasal surgery (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 25.3 (2023): 108.
Chicago
Tănase, M. I., Bulmaci, M., Stan, C., Doinel, R. G., Cosgarea, M., Pop, S. S., Maniu, A. A."Laser nasal surgery (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 25, no. 3 (2023): 108. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11807
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Tănase MI, Bulmaci M, Stan C, Doinel RG, Cosgarea M, Pop SS and Maniu AA: Laser nasal surgery (Review). Exp Ther Med 25: 108, 2023.
APA
Tănase, M.I., Bulmaci, M., Stan, C., Doinel, R.G., Cosgarea, M., Pop, S.S., & Maniu, A.A. (2023). Laser nasal surgery (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 25, 108. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11807
MLA
Tănase, M. I., Bulmaci, M., Stan, C., Doinel, R. G., Cosgarea, M., Pop, S. S., Maniu, A. A."Laser nasal surgery (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 25.3 (2023): 108.
Chicago
Tănase, M. I., Bulmaci, M., Stan, C., Doinel, R. G., Cosgarea, M., Pop, S. S., Maniu, A. A."Laser nasal surgery (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 25, no. 3 (2023): 108. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11807
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team