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A mix of ginger phenols exhibits anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects in mature adipocytes derived from 3T3‑L1 cells

  • Authors:
    • Gildardo Gembe‑Olivarez
    • María Elizabeth Preciado‑Ortiz
    • Wendy Campos‑Perez
    • Sarai Citlalic Rodríguez‑Reyes
    • Erika Martínez‑López
    • Juan José Rivera‑Valdés
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
    Copyright: © Gembe‑Olivarez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 336
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    Published online on: May 22, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12035
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Abstract

The prevalence of obesity has increased rapidly worldwide. Obesity is characterized by excessive adipose tissue in the body, which is related to hyperplasia and hypertrophy in adipocytes. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a medicinal plant that possesses an anti‑obesogenic effect mostly attributed to gingerols, the most abundant bioactive compounds in ginger. The anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects of these phenols have been shown when investigated individually. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the lipolytic and anti‑adipogenic activity of a mix of the main ginger phenols 6‑gingerol, 8‑gingerol, 10‑gingerol, 6‑shogaol, 8‑shogaol and 10‑shogaol on the 3T3‑L1 cell line. A total of four study groups were designed: Negative control (3T3‑L1 preadipocytes); positive control (mature 3T3‑L1 adipocytes); phenols‑pre (3T3‑L1 cells stimulated with the phenols mix during adipogenic differentiation); and phenols‑post (mature 3T3‑L1 adipocytes stimulated with the phenols mix). MTT viability cell assay and Oil Red O staining were performed. Glycerol concentration supernatants were determined using the VITROS 350 Chemistry System. Expression of mRNA was measured using qPCR. The treatment with a 2 µg/ml ginger phenol dose reduced the lipid content by 45.52±7.8 and 35.95±0.76% in the phenols‑pre and ‑post group, respectively, compared with that in the positive control group. The phenols‑post group presented a higher glycerol concentration in the supernatant compared with that in the positive control and the phenols‑pre groups. The mRNA expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein alpha, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‑γ, fatty acid‑binding protein 4 and fatty acid synthase were higher in the phenols‑pre and lower in the phenols‑post groups, compared with those in the positive control group. To the best of our knowledge, the current study demonstrated for the first time the anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects of a mix of the main bioactive compounds found in ginger, and it also established the basis to use this mix of phenols in in vivo studies and clinical trials.
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Spandidos Publications style
Gembe‑Olivarez G, Preciado‑Ortiz ME, Campos‑Perez W, Rodríguez‑Reyes SC, Martínez‑López E and Rivera‑Valdés JJ: A mix of ginger phenols exhibits anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects in mature adipocytes derived from 3T3‑L1 cells. Exp Ther Med 26: 336, 2023.
APA
Gembe‑Olivarez, G., Preciado‑Ortiz, M.E., Campos‑Perez, W., Rodríguez‑Reyes, S.C., Martínez‑López, E., & Rivera‑Valdés, J.J. (2023). A mix of ginger phenols exhibits anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects in mature adipocytes derived from 3T3‑L1 cells. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 26, 336. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12035
MLA
Gembe‑Olivarez, G., Preciado‑Ortiz, M. E., Campos‑Perez, W., Rodríguez‑Reyes, S. C., Martínez‑López, E., Rivera‑Valdés, J. J."A mix of ginger phenols exhibits anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects in mature adipocytes derived from 3T3‑L1 cells". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 26.1 (2023): 336.
Chicago
Gembe‑Olivarez, G., Preciado‑Ortiz, M. E., Campos‑Perez, W., Rodríguez‑Reyes, S. C., Martínez‑López, E., Rivera‑Valdés, J. J."A mix of ginger phenols exhibits anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects in mature adipocytes derived from 3T3‑L1 cells". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 26, no. 1 (2023): 336. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12035
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Gembe‑Olivarez G, Preciado‑Ortiz ME, Campos‑Perez W, Rodríguez‑Reyes SC, Martínez‑López E and Rivera‑Valdés JJ: A mix of ginger phenols exhibits anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects in mature adipocytes derived from 3T3‑L1 cells. Exp Ther Med 26: 336, 2023.
APA
Gembe‑Olivarez, G., Preciado‑Ortiz, M.E., Campos‑Perez, W., Rodríguez‑Reyes, S.C., Martínez‑López, E., & Rivera‑Valdés, J.J. (2023). A mix of ginger phenols exhibits anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects in mature adipocytes derived from 3T3‑L1 cells. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 26, 336. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12035
MLA
Gembe‑Olivarez, G., Preciado‑Ortiz, M. E., Campos‑Perez, W., Rodríguez‑Reyes, S. C., Martínez‑López, E., Rivera‑Valdés, J. J."A mix of ginger phenols exhibits anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects in mature adipocytes derived from 3T3‑L1 cells". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 26.1 (2023): 336.
Chicago
Gembe‑Olivarez, G., Preciado‑Ortiz, M. E., Campos‑Perez, W., Rodríguez‑Reyes, S. C., Martínez‑López, E., Rivera‑Valdés, J. J."A mix of ginger phenols exhibits anti‑adipogenic and lipolytic effects in mature adipocytes derived from 3T3‑L1 cells". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 26, no. 1 (2023): 336. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12035
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