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Comprehensive analysis and immunohistochemistry localization of NRP1 expression in pancancer and normal individual tissues in relation to SARS‑CoV‑2 susceptibility

  • Authors:
    • Jiewen Fu
    • Jiayue He
    • Lianmei Zhang
    • Jingliang Cheng
    • Pengfei Zhang
    • Chunli Wei
    • Junjiang Fu
    • Dabing Li
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Fu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 52
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    Published online on: December 5, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12340
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Abstract

Neuropilin 1 (NRP1/CD304) is a typical membrane-bound co‑receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor, semaphorin family members and viral severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2). However, NRP1 expression levels across cancer types and the potential role of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection in patients with cancer are not clear. Online databases, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas database of Human Protein Atlas, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and cBioPortal were used for the expression analysis in this study. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for NRP1 was performed in the tissues of patients with non‑small cell carcinoma. As a result, it was found that NRP1 mRNA and protein expression levels were highest in the female reproductive tissues and the respiratory system, specifically in the nasopharynx, bronchus and fallopian tube, as well as in adipocytes, hepatic stellate cells, Sertoli cells, endothelial cells and dendritic cells. IHC showed that the NRP1 protein was mainly localized to the cytoplasm and membrane in the tissues of patients with non‑small cell carcinoma, demonstrating its role in lung infection by SARS‑CoV‑2, due to invasion of cell membranes by the virus. Levels of NRP1 mRNA were significantly increased in lymphoid neoplasm diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma, esophageal carcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), pancreatic adenocarcinoma, stomach adenocarcinoma and thymoma, and significantly decreased in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma, kidney chromophobe, lung squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma and uterine carcinosarcoma, compared with corresponding healthy tissues in pancancer, indicating roles for viral invasion in most cancer types. Moreover, low NRP1 expression was significantly associated with long overall survival (OS) time in adrenocortical carcinoma, brain lower grade glioma, stomach adenocarcinoma and uveal melanoma, but with short OS time in KIRC only. The ENST00000374867.6 (NRP1‑202) isoform is most highly expressed in most cancer types and thus could be involved in tumorigenesis and SARS‑CoV‑2 invasion in cancer patients. NRP1 may be involved in SARS‑CoV‑2 invasion in patients with cancer, including those with lung cancer.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Fu J, He J, Zhang L, Cheng J, Zhang P, Wei C, Fu J and Li D: Comprehensive analysis and immunohistochemistry localization of NRP1 expression in pancancer and normal individual tissues in relation to SARS‑CoV‑2 susceptibility. Exp Ther Med 27: 52, 2024.
APA
Fu, J., He, J., Zhang, L., Cheng, J., Zhang, P., Wei, C. ... Li, D. (2024). Comprehensive analysis and immunohistochemistry localization of NRP1 expression in pancancer and normal individual tissues in relation to SARS‑CoV‑2 susceptibility. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 27, 52. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12340
MLA
Fu, J., He, J., Zhang, L., Cheng, J., Zhang, P., Wei, C., Fu, J., Li, D."Comprehensive analysis and immunohistochemistry localization of NRP1 expression in pancancer and normal individual tissues in relation to SARS‑CoV‑2 susceptibility". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27.2 (2024): 52.
Chicago
Fu, J., He, J., Zhang, L., Cheng, J., Zhang, P., Wei, C., Fu, J., Li, D."Comprehensive analysis and immunohistochemistry localization of NRP1 expression in pancancer and normal individual tissues in relation to SARS‑CoV‑2 susceptibility". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27, no. 2 (2024): 52. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12340
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Spandidos Publications style
Fu J, He J, Zhang L, Cheng J, Zhang P, Wei C, Fu J and Li D: Comprehensive analysis and immunohistochemistry localization of NRP1 expression in pancancer and normal individual tissues in relation to SARS‑CoV‑2 susceptibility. Exp Ther Med 27: 52, 2024.
APA
Fu, J., He, J., Zhang, L., Cheng, J., Zhang, P., Wei, C. ... Li, D. (2024). Comprehensive analysis and immunohistochemistry localization of NRP1 expression in pancancer and normal individual tissues in relation to SARS‑CoV‑2 susceptibility. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 27, 52. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12340
MLA
Fu, J., He, J., Zhang, L., Cheng, J., Zhang, P., Wei, C., Fu, J., Li, D."Comprehensive analysis and immunohistochemistry localization of NRP1 expression in pancancer and normal individual tissues in relation to SARS‑CoV‑2 susceptibility". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27.2 (2024): 52.
Chicago
Fu, J., He, J., Zhang, L., Cheng, J., Zhang, P., Wei, C., Fu, J., Li, D."Comprehensive analysis and immunohistochemistry localization of NRP1 expression in pancancer and normal individual tissues in relation to SARS‑CoV‑2 susceptibility". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27, no. 2 (2024): 52. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12340
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