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NAMPT‑NAD+ is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice

  • Authors:
    • Ling Xiao
    • Runxuan Sun
    • Yubin Han
    • Linhan Xia
    • Kexin Lin
    • Wanyan Fu
    • Kai Zhong
    • Yilu Ye
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Xiao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 123
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    Published online on: February 1, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12411
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Abstract

As the proportion of the elderly population grows rapidly, the senescence‑delaying effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine is being investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in naturally aging mice. The active ingredients in an aqueous saffron extract were determined using high‑performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mice were divided into saffron (8‑ and 16‑months‑old) and control groups (3‑, 8‑, and 16‑months‑old), and saffron extract was administered to the former groups for 8 weeks. The open field test and Barnes maze test were used to evaluate the locomotor activity, learning and memory function of the mice. The levels of inflammatory factors in the brain were determined by ELISA. In addition, the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and superoxide dismutase, and the contents of malondialdehyde and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) were detected by enzyme immunoassay, and the content of NAMPT was detected by ELISA, western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. The cellular distribution of NAMPT and synaptic density were evaluated by immunofluorescence, and the pathological morphologies of the liver, skin, kidneys were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. HPLC revealed that the crocin and picrocrocin contents of the saffron extract were 19.56±0.14 and 12.00±0.13%, respectively. Saffron exhibited the potential to improve the learning and memory function in aging mice as it increased synaptic density and decreased AChE activity. Also, saffron ameliorated the pathological changes associated with organ aging, manifested by increasing the number of hepatocytes and the thickness of the skin, and preventing the aging‑induced ballooning and bleeding in the kidneys. Furthermore, saffron increased the contents of NAMPT and NAD+ in the brain and decreased the content of NAMPT in the serum. In addition, it changed the cellular distribution of NAMPT in aging mice, manifested as reduced NAMPT expression in microglia and astrocytes, and increased NAMPT expression in neurons. Saffron also decreased the contents of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress factors in aging mice. Altogether, these findings indicate that saffron exerts senescence‑delaying effects in naturally aging mice, which may be associated with the NAMPT‑NAD+ pathway.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Xiao L, Sun R, Han Y, Xia L, Lin K, Fu W, Zhong K and Ye Y: NAMPT‑NAD<sup>+</sup> is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice. Exp Ther Med 27: 123, 2024.
APA
Xiao, L., Sun, R., Han, Y., Xia, L., Lin, K., Fu, W. ... Ye, Y. (2024). NAMPT‑NAD<sup>+</sup> is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 27, 123. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12411
MLA
Xiao, L., Sun, R., Han, Y., Xia, L., Lin, K., Fu, W., Zhong, K., Ye, Y."NAMPT‑NAD<sup>+</sup> is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27.3 (2024): 123.
Chicago
Xiao, L., Sun, R., Han, Y., Xia, L., Lin, K., Fu, W., Zhong, K., Ye, Y."NAMPT‑NAD<sup>+</sup> is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27, no. 3 (2024): 123. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12411
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Xiao L, Sun R, Han Y, Xia L, Lin K, Fu W, Zhong K and Ye Y: NAMPT‑NAD<sup>+</sup> is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice. Exp Ther Med 27: 123, 2024.
APA
Xiao, L., Sun, R., Han, Y., Xia, L., Lin, K., Fu, W. ... Ye, Y. (2024). NAMPT‑NAD<sup>+</sup> is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 27, 123. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12411
MLA
Xiao, L., Sun, R., Han, Y., Xia, L., Lin, K., Fu, W., Zhong, K., Ye, Y."NAMPT‑NAD<sup>+</sup> is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27.3 (2024): 123.
Chicago
Xiao, L., Sun, R., Han, Y., Xia, L., Lin, K., Fu, W., Zhong, K., Ye, Y."NAMPT‑NAD<sup>+</sup> is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 27, no. 3 (2024): 123. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12411
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