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Protective effects of flavonoids against intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Hanpeng Dong
    • Xiaojin Gao
    • Haixia Li
    • Jing Gao
    • Leiming Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Dong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 350
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    Published online on: July 4, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12639
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Abstract

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), known as non-traumatic cerebrovascular rupture and hemorrhage, often occurs in the deep basal brain segment. It is known for its high morbidity and mortality rates. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a clinical syndrome caused by the rupture of blood vessels at the base or surface of the brain that allows blood to flow directly into the subarachnoid space. It progresses quickly and typically manifests at younger ages compared with ICH. ICH and SAH are both devastating events in the category of hemorrhagic strokes and are attracting increasing attention from researchers. Flavonoids, being important natural molecules, have remarkable anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Flavonoids have extensive biological activities in inflammation and oxidative stress (OS), and have protective effects in vascular function associated with cerebrovascular diseases. They have an impact on the onset of ICH and SAH by targeting various pathways, including the suppression of inflammation and OS. Recently, the role of flavonoid compounds in ICH and SAH has also received increasing interest. Thus, to serve as a resource for the prevention and treatment of ICH and SAH, the present review provided an overview of the research on flavonoid compounds in the prevention of brain damage after these two conditions have occurred.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Dong H, Gao X, Li H, Gao J and Zhang L: Protective effects of flavonoids against intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Review). Exp Ther Med 28: 350, 2024.
APA
Dong, H., Gao, X., Li, H., Gao, J., & Zhang, L. (2024). Protective effects of flavonoids against intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 28, 350. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12639
MLA
Dong, H., Gao, X., Li, H., Gao, J., Zhang, L."Protective effects of flavonoids against intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 28.3 (2024): 350.
Chicago
Dong, H., Gao, X., Li, H., Gao, J., Zhang, L."Protective effects of flavonoids against intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 28, no. 3 (2024): 350. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12639
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Dong H, Gao X, Li H, Gao J and Zhang L: Protective effects of flavonoids against intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Review). Exp Ther Med 28: 350, 2024.
APA
Dong, H., Gao, X., Li, H., Gao, J., & Zhang, L. (2024). Protective effects of flavonoids against intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 28, 350. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12639
MLA
Dong, H., Gao, X., Li, H., Gao, J., Zhang, L."Protective effects of flavonoids against intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 28.3 (2024): 350.
Chicago
Dong, H., Gao, X., Li, H., Gao, J., Zhang, L."Protective effects of flavonoids against intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 28, no. 3 (2024): 350. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12639
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