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Diapedesis leading to hematidrosis due to abrupt emotional suffering (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Dimitrios Anyfantakis
    • Gregory Tsoucalas
    • Andreas Karelis
    • Nikolaos Papazoglou
    • Demetrios A. Spandidos
    • Konstantinos Krasagakis
    • Emmanouil Symvoulakis
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Primary Health Care Centre of Kissamos, 73134 Chania, Greece, Department of History of Medicine and Deontology of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71004 Heraklion, Greece, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
    Copyright: © Anyfantakis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 453
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    Published online on: October 11, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12743
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Abstract

Hematidrosis constitutes a rare imposing phenomenon encountered millennia ago. It involves the plexus of small, mostly superficial arteries, veins and sweat glands of various parts of the human body. Bloody sweat implies skin pathology. It has been connected to psychogenic impairment and lacks a clear etiology. The present study conducted a historical review using the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae®, Gallica‑BNF and Google Books databases. The year 1900 was the mark for full‑text works to be included. A second review of the modern literature, over the last 20 years, was carried out using the PubMed/MedLine database. In both eras, the terms h[a]emat[h]idrosis, diapedesis, sudor sanguineus, plus various others vocables of Hellenic and Latin origin, were used as key words. Cases of persons suffering hematidrosis during stigmata as partly connected to this study were surveyed and discussed separately. References were obtained from the classical Greece, late Hellenic antiquity and Roman era. A number of 70 cases were registered from the Renaissance to 1900, and 44 cases between 2007 and 2022. The later time interval is considered as the selection of references of all time, while the 1870 to 1884 interval followed. Differences in sex were observed (males, 60.6%; and females, 39.4%; vs. males, 25.6%; and females, 74.4%). The scalp, forehead, face, trunk, arms and legs were the most common areas of appearance in both time intervals. The eyes and ears were the most common areas of appearance in the modern era. As regards the limitations of the present review, it should be emphasized that not all historical cases were available for survey. Stigmata were studied independently. Records in etiology hypothesis, pathological description and the manifestation of a cluster of post‑triggering effects described were similar over time. The modern way of life, major stressful events, a fear of death, hematological disorders, vessel derangements and deep faith may trigger hematidrosis. This spectacular acute event stimulates alertness in patients, family, caregivers and physicians, and may lead to social isolation and unnecessary diagnostic and/or therapeutic interventions. The present narrative review aimed to connect science with history and religion, promote contemplation among health professionals and highlight a medical peculiarity. An open mind is warranted in order to comprehend phenomena in religion. Education for the family and a knowledge update for health professionals is also necessary. 
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Anyfantakis D, Tsoucalas G, Karelis A, Papazoglou N, Spandidos DA, Krasagakis K and Symvoulakis E: Diapedesis leading to hematidrosis due to abrupt emotional suffering (Review). Exp Ther Med 28: 453, 2024.
APA
Anyfantakis, D., Tsoucalas, G., Karelis, A., Papazoglou, N., Spandidos, D.A., Krasagakis, K., & Symvoulakis, E. (2024). Diapedesis leading to hematidrosis due to abrupt emotional suffering (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 28, 453. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12743
MLA
Anyfantakis, D., Tsoucalas, G., Karelis, A., Papazoglou, N., Spandidos, D. A., Krasagakis, K., Symvoulakis, E."Diapedesis leading to hematidrosis due to abrupt emotional suffering (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 28.6 (2024): 453.
Chicago
Anyfantakis, D., Tsoucalas, G., Karelis, A., Papazoglou, N., Spandidos, D. A., Krasagakis, K., Symvoulakis, E."Diapedesis leading to hematidrosis due to abrupt emotional suffering (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 28, no. 6 (2024): 453. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12743
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Anyfantakis D, Tsoucalas G, Karelis A, Papazoglou N, Spandidos DA, Krasagakis K and Symvoulakis E: Diapedesis leading to hematidrosis due to abrupt emotional suffering (Review). Exp Ther Med 28: 453, 2024.
APA
Anyfantakis, D., Tsoucalas, G., Karelis, A., Papazoglou, N., Spandidos, D.A., Krasagakis, K., & Symvoulakis, E. (2024). Diapedesis leading to hematidrosis due to abrupt emotional suffering (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 28, 453. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12743
MLA
Anyfantakis, D., Tsoucalas, G., Karelis, A., Papazoglou, N., Spandidos, D. A., Krasagakis, K., Symvoulakis, E."Diapedesis leading to hematidrosis due to abrupt emotional suffering (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 28.6 (2024): 453.
Chicago
Anyfantakis, D., Tsoucalas, G., Karelis, A., Papazoglou, N., Spandidos, D. A., Krasagakis, K., Symvoulakis, E."Diapedesis leading to hematidrosis due to abrupt emotional suffering (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 28, no. 6 (2024): 453. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12743
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