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Child abuse in public institutions: Adversity genes involved (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Elisavet Damaskopoulou
    • Eleni Papakonstantinou
    • Flora Bacopoulou
    • Elias Eliopoulos
    • George P. Chrousos
    • Dimitrios Vlachakis
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece, Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece, University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
    Copyright: © Damaskopoulou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 5
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    Published online on: December 2, 2022
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2022.14
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Abstract

The physical and mental health of children, as well as the effort to ensure a safe environment for their upbringing, have been the main concern of The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) since 1989; a number of countries worldwide have formed numerous organizations to defend these rights. Child abuse, in all its forms, is a major public health concern, affecting millions of children each year worldwide. A number of studies and research have been performed in order to scientifically determine that early social adversity, as well as the physical, sexual or emotional abuse of a child and neglect, lead to alterations in DNA methylation. The present review article summarizes the epigenetic effects resulting from early‑life stressful events, such as child abuse, child maltreatment, institutionalization, neglect, orphanhood and/or abandonment. These stressors can lead to a disruption of physiological biological pathways, and alter the methylation profiles in crucial regulatory pathways, such as glucocorticoid receptor signaling and cytokine signaling in immune cell function.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Damaskopoulou E, Papakonstantinou E, Bacopoulou F, Eliopoulos E, Chrousos GP and Vlachakis D: Child abuse in public institutions: Adversity genes involved (Review). Int J Epigen 2: 5, 2022.
APA
Damaskopoulou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Bacopoulou, F., Eliopoulos, E., Chrousos, G.P., & Vlachakis, D. (2022). Child abuse in public institutions: Adversity genes involved (Review). International Journal of Epigenetics, 2, 5. https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2022.14
MLA
Damaskopoulou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Bacopoulou, F., Eliopoulos, E., Chrousos, G. P., Vlachakis, D."Child abuse in public institutions: Adversity genes involved (Review)". International Journal of Epigenetics 2.4 (2022): 5.
Chicago
Damaskopoulou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Bacopoulou, F., Eliopoulos, E., Chrousos, G. P., Vlachakis, D."Child abuse in public institutions: Adversity genes involved (Review)". International Journal of Epigenetics 2, no. 4 (2022): 5. https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2022.14
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Damaskopoulou E, Papakonstantinou E, Bacopoulou F, Eliopoulos E, Chrousos GP and Vlachakis D: Child abuse in public institutions: Adversity genes involved (Review). Int J Epigen 2: 5, 2022.
APA
Damaskopoulou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Bacopoulou, F., Eliopoulos, E., Chrousos, G.P., & Vlachakis, D. (2022). Child abuse in public institutions: Adversity genes involved (Review). International Journal of Epigenetics, 2, 5. https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2022.14
MLA
Damaskopoulou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Bacopoulou, F., Eliopoulos, E., Chrousos, G. P., Vlachakis, D."Child abuse in public institutions: Adversity genes involved (Review)". International Journal of Epigenetics 2.4 (2022): 5.
Chicago
Damaskopoulou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Bacopoulou, F., Eliopoulos, E., Chrousos, G. P., Vlachakis, D."Child abuse in public institutions: Adversity genes involved (Review)". International Journal of Epigenetics 2, no. 4 (2022): 5. https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2022.14
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