Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Epigenetics
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2752-5406 Online ISSN: 2752-5414
Journal Cover
January-December 2025 Volume 5 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
January-December 2025 Volume 5 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Computer‑aided drug design and pharmacophore modeling towards the discovery of novel anti‑Ebola agents

  • Authors:
    • Io Diakou
    • George P. Chrousos
    • Elias Eliopoulos
    • Dimitrios Vlachakis
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
    Copyright: © Diakou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
  • Article Number: 2
    |
    Published online on: March 31, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2025.25
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The Ebola virus belongs to the Filoviridae family of negative‑sense RNA viruses and has been responsible for multiple widespread and severe outbreaks of a type of hemorrhagic fever, termed Ebola virus disease, mainly in the African continent. The virus, which is suspected to have a zoonotic origin, constitutes one of the most lethal pathogens, with high transmission rates and lasting effects on survivors. Research on the Ebola virus is made challenging due to a need for strict biosafety measures, while the arsenal of prophylactic and therapeutic measures remains limited. Modern computational methods can accelerate the process of developing candidate therapeutics that target essential proteins for the Ebola virus. In the present study, a pipeline was constructed to employ machine learning, big chemical data and structural bioinformatics towards the generation of novel molecules and the design of pharmacophores targeting the Ebola virus polymerase.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Clegg J and Lloyd G: Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Zaire, 1995. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 8:225–228. 1995.

2 

Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Mulangu S, Masumu J, Kayembe JM, Kemp A and Paweska JT: Ebola virus outbreaks in Africa: Past and present. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 79(451)2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Zheng H, Yin C, Hoang T, He RL, Yang J and Yau SS: Ebolavirus classification based on natural vectors. DNA Cell Biol. 34:418–428. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Ajelli M, Merler S, Fumanelli L, Pastore Y, Piontti A, Dean NE, Longini IM Jr, Halloran ME and Vespignani A: Spatiotemporal dynamics of the Ebola epidemic in Guinea and implications for vaccination and disease elimination: A computational modeling analysis. BMC Med. 14(130)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Branda F, Mahal A, Maruotti A, Pierini M and Mazzoli S: The challenges of open data for future epidemic preparedness: The experience of the 2022 Ebolavirus outbreak in Uganda. Front Pharmacol. 14(1101894)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Kucharski AJ and Edmunds WJ: Case fatality rate for Ebola virus disease in west Africa. Lancet. 384(1260)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Gostin LO and Friedman EA: A retrospective and prospective analysis of the west African Ebola virus disease epidemic: Robust national health systems at the foundation and an empowered WHO at the apex. Lancet. 385:1902–1909. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Brolin Ribacke KJ, Saulnier DD, Eriksson A and von Schreeb J: Effects of the West Africa ebola virus disease on health-care utilization - A systematic review. Front Public Health. 4(422)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Marí Saéz A, Weiss S, Nowak K, Lapeyre V, Zimmermann F, Düx A, Kühl HS, Kaba M, Regnaut S, Merkel K, et al: Investigating the zoonotic origin of the West African Ebola epidemic. EMBO Mol Med. 7:17–23. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Plowright RK, Parrish CR, McCallum H, Hudson PJ, Ko AI, Graham AL and Lloyd-Smith JO: Pathways to zoonotic spillover. Nat Rev Microbiol. 15:502–510. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Koch LK, Cunze S, Kochmann J and Klimpel S: Bats as putative Zaire ebolavirus reservoir hosts and their habitat suitability in Africa. Sci Rep. 10(14268)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Osterholm MT, Moore KA, Kelley NS, Brosseau LM, Wong G, Murphy FA, Peters CJ, LeDuc JW, Russell PK, Van Herp M, et al: Transmission of ebola viruses: What We know and what we do not know. mBio. 6(e00137)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Velásquez GE, Aibana O, Ling EJ, Diakite I, Mooring EQ and Murray MB: Time from infection to disease and infectiousness for ebola virus disease, a systematic review. Clin Infect Dis. 61:1135–1140. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Bettini A, Lapa D and Garbuglia AR: Diagnostics of ebola virus. Front Public Health. 11(1123024)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Verbeek JH, Rajamaki B, Ijaz S, Sauni R, Toomey E, Blackwood B, Tikka C, Ruotsalainen JH and Kilinc Balci FS: Personal protective equipment for preventing highly infectious diseases due to exposure to contaminated body fluids in healthcare staff. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 4(CD011621)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Ghosh S, Saha A, Samanta S and Saha RP: Genome structure and genetic diversity in the Ebola virus. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 60:83–90. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Judson S, Prescott J and Munster V: Understanding ebola virus transmission. Viruses. 7:511–521. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Nanbo A, Imai M, Watanabe S, Noda T, Takahashi K, Neumann G, Halfmann P and Kawaoka Y: Ebolavirus is internalized into host cells via macropinocytosis in a viral glycoprotein-dependent manner. PLoS Pathog. 6(e1001121)2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Wolf J, Jannat R, Dubey S, Troth S, Onorato MT, Coller BA, Hanson ME and Simon JK: Development of pandemic vaccines: ERVEBO case study. Vaccines (Basel). 9(190)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Dolzhikova IV, Zubkova OV, Tukhvatulin AI, Dzharullaeva AS, Tukhvatulina NM, Shcheblyakov DV, Shmarov MM, Tokarskaya EA, Simakova YV, Egorova DA, et al: Safety and immunogenicity of GamEvac-Combi, a heterologous VSV- and Ad5-vectored Ebola vaccine: An open phase I/II trial in healthy adults in Russia. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 13:613–620. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Li Y, Wang L, Zhu T, Wu S, Feng L, Cheng P, Liu J and Wang J: Establishing China's national standard for the recombinant adenovirus type 5 vector-based ebola vaccine (Ad5-EBOV) virus titer. Hum Gene Ther Clin Dev. 29:226–232. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Malik S and Waheed Y: Tracing down the updates on Ebola virus surges: An update on anti-ebola therapeutic strategies. J Transl Int Med. 11:216–225. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Lee JS, Adhikari NKJ, Kwon HY, Teo K, Siemieniuk R, Lamontagne F, Chan A, Mishra S, Murthy S, Kiiza P, et al: Anti-Ebola therapy for patients with Ebola virus disease: A systematic review. BMC Infect Dis. 19(376)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Taki E, Ghanavati R, Navidifar T, Dashtbin S, Heidary M and Moghadamnia M: Ebanga™: The most recent FDA-approved drug for treating Ebola. Front Pharmacol. 14(1083429)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Saxena D, Kaul G, Dasgupta A and Chopra S: Atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab (Inmazeb) combination to treat infection caused by Zaire ebolavirus. Drugs Today (Barc). 57:483–490. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Tchesnokov EP, Feng JY, Porter DP and Götte M: Mechanism of inhibition of Ebola virus RNA-Dependent RNA polymerase by remdesivir. Viruses. 11(326)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Sun D, Gao W, Hu H and Zhou S: Why 90% of clinical drug development fails and how to improve it? Acta Pharm Sin B. 12:3049–3062. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Vlachakis D: Genetic and structural analyses of ssRNA viruses pave the way for the discovery of novel antiviral pharmacological targets. Mol Omics. 17:357–364. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Papageorgiou L, Loukatou S, Sofia K, Maroulis D and Vlachakis D: An updated evolutionary study of Flaviviridae NS3 helicase and NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase reveals novel invariable motifs as potential pharmacological targets. Mol Biosyst. 12:2080–2093. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Dara S, Dhamercherla S, Jadav SS, Babu CM and Ahsan MJ: Machine learning in drug discovery: A review. Artif Intell Rev. 55:1947–1999. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Li W, Zhou Q, Liu W, Xu C, Tang ZR, Dong S, Wang H, Li W, Zhang K, Li R, et al: A machine learning-based predictive model for predicting lymph node metastasis in patients with ewing's sarcoma. Front Med (Lausanne). 9(832108)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Dong S, Yang H, Tang ZR, Ke Y, Wang H, Li W and Tian K: Development and Validation of a predictive model to evaluate the risk of bone metastasis in kidney cancer. Front Oncol. 11(731905)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Davies M, Nowotka M, Papadatos G, Dedman N, Gaulton A, Atkinson F, Bellis L and Overington JP: ChEMBL web services: Streamlining access to drug discovery data and utilities. Nucleic Acids Res. 43:W612–W620. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Papadatos G, Davies M, Dedman N, Chambers J, Gaulton A, Siddle J, Koks R, Irvine SA, Pettersson J, Goncharoff N, et al: SureChEMBL: A large-scale, chemically annotated patent document database. Nucleic Acids Res. 44:D1220–D1228. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Kanehisa M and Goto S: KEGG: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 28:27–30. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Pickett BE, Sadat EL, Zhang Y, Noronha JM, Squires RB, Hunt V, Liu M, Kumar S, Zaremba S, Gu Z, et al: ViPR: An open bioinformatics database and analysis resource for virology research. Nucleic Acids Res. 40:D593–D598. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Kim S, Chen J, Cheng T, Gindulyte A, He J, He S, Li Q, Shoemaker BA, Thiessen PA, Yu B, et al: PubChem in 2021: New data content and improved web interfaces. Nucleic Acids Res. 49:D1388–D1395. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Polanski J and Gasteiger J: Computer Representation of Chemical Compounds. Springer International Publishing, pp1997-2039, 2017.

39 

Silva Y, Almeida I and Queiroz M: SQL: From Traditional Databases to Big Data. SIGCSE. 413–418. 2016.

40 

Landrum G: RDKit. Open-Source Cheminformatics Software. 2010. Available from: https://www.rdkit.org.

41 

Goodfellow I, Pouget-Abadie J, Mirza M, Xu B, Warde-Farley D, Ozair S, Courville A and Bengio Y: Generative Adversarial Networks. Vol 27. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 2014.

42 

Kingma DP and Welling M: An introduction to variational autoencoders. ArXiv: Dec 11, 2019 (Epub ahead of print).

43 

Abadi M, Barham P, Chen J, Chen Z, Davis A, Dean J, Devin M, Ghemawat S, Irving G, Isard M, et al: TensorFlow: A system for large-scale machine learning. ArXiv: May 31, 2016 (Epub ahead of print).

44 

Hodson TO: Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) or Mean Absolute Error (MAE): When to use them or not. Geoscientific Model Development. Vol 15. European Geosciences Union, pp5481-5487, 2022.

45 

DiPietro R and Hager G: Deep learning: RNNs and LSTM. pp503-519, 2020.

46 

Akhmetshin T, Lin A, Mazitov D, Ziaikin E, Madzhidov T and Varnek A: HyFactor: Hydrogen-count labelled graph-based defactorization Autoencoder. Comput Theor Chem: Dec 6, 2021 (Epub ahead of print).

47 

Chemical Computing Group: Computer-Aided Molecular Design. Molecular Operating Environment (MOE). 2024. Available from: https://www.chemcomp.com/en/Products.htm.

48 

Szymański P, Markowicz M and Mikiciuk-Olasik E: Adaptation of high-throughput screening in drug discovery-toxicological screening tests. Int J Mol Sci. 13:427–452. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Giordano D, Biancaniello C, Argenio MA and Facchiano A: Drug design by pharmacophore and virtual screening approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 15(646)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

50 

Prasanna S and Doerksen RJ: Topological polar surface area: A useful descriptor in 2D-QSAR. Curr Med Chem. 16:21–41. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Leung DW, Prins KC, Basler CF and Amarasinghe GK: Ebolavirus VP35 is a multifunctional virulence factor. Virulence. 1:526–531. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

52 

Yuan B, Peng Q, Cheng J, Wang M, Zhong J, Qi J, Gao GF and Shi Y: Structure of the Ebola virus polymerase complex. Nature. 610:394–401. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

53 

Kalinowsky L, Weber J, Balasupramaniam S, Baumann K and Proschak E: A diverse benchmark based on 3D matched molecular pairs for validating scoring functions. ACS Omega. 3:5704–5714. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

54 

Leon M, Perezhohin Y, Peres F, Popovič A and Castelli M: Comparing SMILES and SELFIES tokenization for enhanced chemical language modeling. Sci Rep. 14(25016)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

55 

van Tilborg D and Grisoni F: Traversing chemical space with active deep learning for low-data drug discovery. Nat Comput Sci. 4:786–796. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Diakou I, Chrousos GP, Eliopoulos E and Vlachakis D: Computer‑aided drug design and pharmacophore modeling towards the discovery of novel anti‑Ebola agents. Int J Epigen 5: 2, 2025.
APA
Diakou, I., Chrousos, G.P., Eliopoulos, E., & Vlachakis, D. (2025). Computer‑aided drug design and pharmacophore modeling towards the discovery of novel anti‑Ebola agents. International Journal of Epigenetics, 5, 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2025.25
MLA
Diakou, I., Chrousos, G. P., Eliopoulos, E., Vlachakis, D."Computer‑aided drug design and pharmacophore modeling towards the discovery of novel anti‑Ebola agents". International Journal of Epigenetics 5.1 (2025): 2.
Chicago
Diakou, I., Chrousos, G. P., Eliopoulos, E., Vlachakis, D."Computer‑aided drug design and pharmacophore modeling towards the discovery of novel anti‑Ebola agents". International Journal of Epigenetics 5, no. 1 (2025): 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2025.25
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Diakou I, Chrousos GP, Eliopoulos E and Vlachakis D: Computer‑aided drug design and pharmacophore modeling towards the discovery of novel anti‑Ebola agents. Int J Epigen 5: 2, 2025.
APA
Diakou, I., Chrousos, G.P., Eliopoulos, E., & Vlachakis, D. (2025). Computer‑aided drug design and pharmacophore modeling towards the discovery of novel anti‑Ebola agents. International Journal of Epigenetics, 5, 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2025.25
MLA
Diakou, I., Chrousos, G. P., Eliopoulos, E., Vlachakis, D."Computer‑aided drug design and pharmacophore modeling towards the discovery of novel anti‑Ebola agents". International Journal of Epigenetics 5.1 (2025): 2.
Chicago
Diakou, I., Chrousos, G. P., Eliopoulos, E., Vlachakis, D."Computer‑aided drug design and pharmacophore modeling towards the discovery of novel anti‑Ebola agents". International Journal of Epigenetics 5, no. 1 (2025): 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/ije.2025.25
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team