Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
November-2015 Volume 36 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-2015 Volume 36 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema

  • Authors:
    • Jingjing Wei
    • Guoquan Fan
    • Hui Zhao
    • Jianqiang Li
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China, Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1384-1392
    |
    Published online on: September 22, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2353
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Emphysema is a serious disease of the respiratory system and is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme involved in heme biosynthesis, exerts potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti‑proliferative effects in various diseases. In the present study, we examined the effects of HO-1 on smoke‑induced emphysema, as well as the underlying mechanisms in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema. Rats were either exposed to cigarette smoke or sham‑exposed for 20 weeks to establish the model of smoke-induced emphysema. The rats were subcutaneously injected with protoporphyrin IX [tin-protoporphyrin IX (SnPP) or ferriprotoporphyrin IX chloride (hemin)] during this period to examine the protective effects of HO-1. Subsequently, the development of emphysema, inflammatory cells, the levels of inflammatory mediators, particularly interleukin (IL)-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, monocyte chemotactic protein‑1 [MCP‑1, also known as chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)], IL-8 [also known as chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8)], macrophage inflammatory protein‑2α [MIP-2α, also known as chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2)] and IL-10, as well as the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) content were determined. Exposure to smoke increased the total cell, neutrophil and macrophage counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). It also increased the levels of the inflammatory mediators, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-8 and MIP-2α, as well as the MDA content and induced emphysema. Treatment with hemin upregulated HO-1 expression and attenuated the development of smoke-induced emphysema by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration, decreasing the levels of inflammatory mediators and attenuating oxidative damage, to a certain extent. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that HO-1 exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, thus attenuating the development of smoke-induced emphysema.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Vestbo J, Hurd SS, Agustí AG, Jones PW, Vogelmeier C, Anzueto A, Barnes PJ, Fabbri LM, Martinez FJ, Nishimura M, et al: Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 187:347–365. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Barnes PJ: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 343:269–280. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Yoshida T and Tuder RM: Pathobiology of cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Physiol Rev. 87:1047–1082. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Tuder RM and Petrache I: Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Clin Invest. 122:2749–2755. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Zhang J, Chu S, Zhong X, Lao Q, He Z and Liang Y: Increased expression of CD4+IL-17+ cells in the lung tissue of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and smokers. Int Immunopharmacol. 15:58–66. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Driscoll KE: Macrophage inflammatory proteins: biology and role in pulmonary inflammation. Exp Lung Res. 20:473–490. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Driscoll KE: TNFα and MIP-2: role in particle-induced inflammation and regulation by oxidative stress. Toxicol Lett. 112–113. 177–183. 2000.

8 

Traves SL, Culpitt SV, Russell RE, Barnes PJ and Donnelly LE: Increased levels of the chemokines GROα and MCP-1 in sputum samples from patients with COPD. Thorax. 57:590–595. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

de Boer WI, Alagappan VK and Sharma HS: Molecular mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Potential targets for therapy. Cell Biochem Biophys. 47:131–148. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

de Boer WI, Sont JK, van Schadewijk A, Stolk J, van Krieken JH and Hiemstra PS: Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, interleukin 8, and chronic airways inflammation in COPD. J Pathol. 190:619–626. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Abraham NG: Therapeutic applications of human heme oxygenase gene transfer and gene therapy. Curr Pharm Des. 9:2513–2524. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Abraham NG and Kappas A: Pharmacological and clinical aspects of heme oxygenase. Pharmacol Rev. 60:79–127. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Chauveau C, Bouchet D, Roussel JC, Mathieu P, Braudeau C, Renaudin K, Tesson L, Soulillou JP, Iyer S and Buelow R: Gene transfer of heme oxygenase-1 and carbon monoxide delivery inhibit chronic rejection. Am J Transplant. 2:581–592. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Araujo JA, Meng L, Tward AD, Hancock WW, Zhai Y, Lee A, Ishikawa K, Iyer S, Buelow R, Busuttil RW, et al: Systemic rather than local heme oxygenase-1 overexpression improves cardiac allograft outcomes in a new transgenic mouse. J Immunol. 171:1572–1580. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Ryter SW and Choi AM: Heme oxygenase-1: Redox regulation of a stress protein in lung and cell culture models. Antioxid Redox Signal. 7:80–91. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Jia YX, Sekizawa K, Okinaga S, Lie R and Sasaki H: Role of heme oxygenase in pulmonary response to antigen challenge in sensitized rats in vivo. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 120:141–145. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Wang XH, Wang K, Zhang F, Li XC, Li J, De W, Guo J, Qian XF and Fan Y: Heme oxygenase-1 alleviates ischemia/reperfusion injury in aged liver. World J Gastroenterol. 11:690–694. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Baglole CJ, Sime PJ and Phipps RP: Cigarette smoke-induced expression of heme oxygenase-1 in human lung fibroblasts is regulated by intracellular glutathione. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 295:L624–L636. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Cheng SE, Lee IT, Lin CC, Kou YR and Yang CM: Cigarette smoke particle-phase extract induces HO-1 expression in human tracheal smooth muscle cells: role of the c-Src/NADPH oxidase/MAPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med. 48:1410–1422. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Fukano Y, Oishi M, Chibana F, Numazawa S and Yoshida T: Analysis of the expression of heme oxygenase-1 gene in human alveolar epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke condensate. J Toxicol Sci. 31:99–109. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Maestrelli P, Messlemani E AH, De Fina O, Nowicki Y, Saetta M, Mapp C and Fabbri LM: Increased expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in alveolar spaces and HO-2 in alveolar walls of smokers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 164:1508–1513. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Tsoumakidou M, Tzanakis N, Chrysofakis G and Siafakas NM: Nitrosative stress, heme oxygenase-1 expression and airway inflammation during severe exacerbations of COPD. Chest. 127:1911–1918. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Maestrelli P, Páska C, Saetta M, Turato G, Nowicki Y, Monti S, Formichi B, Miniati M and Fabbri LM: Decreased haem oxygenase-1 and increased inducible nitric oxide synthase in the lung of severe COPD patients. Eur Respir J. 21:971–976. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Slebos DJ, Kerstjens HA, Rutgers SR, Kauffman HF, Choi AM and Postma DS: Haem oxygenase-1 expression is diminished in alveolar macrophages of patients with COPD. Eur Respir J. 23:652–653. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Exner M, Minar E, Wagner O and Schillinger M: The role of heme oxygenase-1 promoter polymorphisms in human disease. Free Radic Biol Med. 37:1097–1104. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Lakhdar R, Denden S, Kassab A, Leban N, Knani J, Lefranc G, Miled A, Chibani JB and Khelil AH: Update in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Role of antioxidant and metabolizing gene polymorphisms. Exp Lung Res. 37:364–375. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Shinohara T, Kaneko T, Nagashima Y, Ueda A, Tagawa A and Ishigatsubo Y: Adenovirus-mediated transfer and overexpression of heme oxygenase 1 cDNA in lungs attenuates elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in mice. Hum Gene Ther. 16:318–327. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Li JQ, Wen Y, Zhao H, Liu ZL, Song MJ, Xu YJ and Zhang ZX: The effects of bilirubin concentration on laminin and epidermal growth factor expression in lung tissue and type II pneumocytes in smoking rats model. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 44:129–132. 2005.In Chinese. PubMed/NCBI

29 

Thurlbeck WM: Measurement of pulmonary emphysema. Am Rev Respir Dis. 95:752–764. 1967.PubMed/NCBI

30 

Brandsma CA, Hylkema MN, van der Strate BW, Slebos DJ, Luinge MA, Geerlings M, Timens W, Postma DS and Kerstjens HA: Heme oxygenase-1 prevents smoke induced B-cell infiltrates: a role for regulatory T cells? Respir Res. 9:172008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

John G, Kohse K, Orasche J, Reda A, Schnelle-Kreis J, Zimmermann R, Schmid O, Eickelberg O and Yildirim AÖ: The composition of cigarette smoke determines inflammatory cell recruitment to the lung in COPD mouse models. Clin Sci (Lond). 126:207–221. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Vargas-Rojas MI, Ramírez-Venegas A, Limón-Camacho L, Ochoa L, Hernández-Zenteno R and Sansores RH: Increase of Th17 cells in peripheral blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med. 105:1648–1654. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Shen N, Wang J, Zhao M, Pei F and He B: Anti-interleukin-17 antibodies attenuate airway inflammation in tobacco-smoke-exposed mice. Inhal Toxicol. 23:212–218. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Linden A and Adachi M: Neutrophilic airway inflammation and IL-17. Allergy. 57:769–775. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Kurimoto E, Miyahara N, Kanehiro A, Waseda K, Taniguchi A, Ikeda G, Koga H, Nishimori H, Tanimoto Y, Kataoka M, et al: IL-17A is essential to the development of elastase-induced pulmonary inflammation and emphysema in mice. Respir Res. 14:52013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Zhang X, Zheng H, Zhang H, Ma W, Wang F, Liu C and He S: Increased interleukin (IL)-8 and decreased IL-17 production in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) provoked by cigarette smoke. Cytokine. 56:717–725. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Zhang Y, Zhang L, Wu J, Di C and Xia Z: Heme oxygenase-1 exerts a protective role in ovalbumin-induced neutrophilic airway inflammation by inhibiting Th17 cell-mediated immune response. J Biol Chem. 288:34612–34626. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Zhong W, Xia Z, Hinrichs D, Rosenbaum JT, Wegmann KW, Meyrowitz J and Zhang Z: Hemin exerts multiple protective mechanisms and attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 50:132–139. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Taylor A, Verhagen J, Blaser K, Akdis M and Akdis CA: Mechanisms of immune suppression by interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta: the role of T regulatory cells. Immunology. 117:433–442. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Inoue S, Suzuki M, Nagashima Y, Suzuki S, Hashiba T, Tsuburai T, Ikehara K, Matsuse T and Ishigatsubo Y: Transfer of heme oxygenase 1 cDNA by a replication-deficient adenovirus enhances interleukin 10 production from alveolar macrophages that attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. Hum Gene Ther. 12:967–979. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Xia ZW, Xu LQ, Zhong WW, Wei JJ, Li NL, Shao J, Li YZ, Yu SC and Zhang ZL: Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation by up-regulation of foxp3 T-regulatory cells, interleukin-10, and membrane-bound transforming growth factor-1. Am J Pathol. 171:1904–1914. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Lee TS and Chau LY: Heme oxygenase-1 mediates the anti-inflammatory effect of interleukin-10 in mice. Nat Med. 8:240–246. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Drechsler Y, Dolganiuc A, Norkina O, Romics L, Li W, Kodys K, Bach FH, Mandrekar P and Szabo G: Heme oxygenase-1 mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of acute alcohol on IL-10 induction involving p38 MAPK activation in monocytes. J Immunol. 177:2592–2600. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wei J, Fan G, Zhao H and Li J: Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema. Int J Mol Med 36: 1384-1392, 2015.
APA
Wei, J., Fan, G., Zhao, H., & Li, J. (2015). Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 36, 1384-1392. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2353
MLA
Wei, J., Fan, G., Zhao, H., Li, J."Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 36.5 (2015): 1384-1392.
Chicago
Wei, J., Fan, G., Zhao, H., Li, J."Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 36, no. 5 (2015): 1384-1392. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2353
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wei J, Fan G, Zhao H and Li J: Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema. Int J Mol Med 36: 1384-1392, 2015.
APA
Wei, J., Fan, G., Zhao, H., & Li, J. (2015). Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 36, 1384-1392. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2353
MLA
Wei, J., Fan, G., Zhao, H., Li, J."Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 36.5 (2015): 1384-1392.
Chicago
Wei, J., Fan, G., Zhao, H., Li, J."Heme oxygenase-1 attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a rat model of smoke-induced emphysema". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 36, no. 5 (2015): 1384-1392. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2353
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team