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Article

Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo

  • Authors:
    • In‑Soo Yoon
    • Dae‑Hun Park
    • Jung‑Eun Kim
    • Jin‑Cheol Yoo
    • Min‑Suk Bae
    • Deuk‑Sil Oh
    • Jung‑Hyun Shim
    • Chul‑Yung Choi
    • Ki‑Wan An
    • Eun‑Il Kim
    • Gye‑Yeop Kim
    • Seung‑Sik Cho
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea, Department of Oriental Medicine Materials, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Republic of Korea, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea, Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea, Jeollanamdo Wando Arboretum, Wando, Jeonnam 59105, Republic of Korea, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung, Jeonnam 59338, Republic of Korea, Division of Forest Resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea, Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Republic of Korea
  • Pages: 1613-1620
    |
    Published online on: May 3, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2973
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Abstract

Camellia japonica L. is a plant of which the seeds are used as a folk medicine, and it is native to South Korea, Japan and China. In previous study, triterpenes, flavonoids, tannins and fatty acids which have antiviral, antioxidant and anti inflammatory activity were reported from C. japonica leaf and flower. In Korea, the seed from this plant is used as a traditional medicine and in folk remedies for the treatment of bleeding and inflammation. However, the major issue associated with the use of the seed as a medicinal and/or functional food ingredient is its application to the pharmaceutical and food industry. First, the productivity of seed extract is very much less than that of the leaf. Second, the beneficial usage of the seed extract as an alternative medicine and functional source is not yet clear. Thus, in this study, we focused on another part of the plant, the leaf, and found that the extract of Camellia japonica leaf has a high concentration of vitamin E, rutin and other biologically active compounds related to hyperuricemia. We aimed to investigate the biological activities, namely the antioxidant activities, xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity and anti‑hyperuricemic effects of extract from C. japonica leaf and the phytochemicals contained therein. Ethanol extracts of C. japonica leaf (ECJL) were prepared, and the extract was used with respect to antioxidant activities, total phenolic contents and XO inhibitory activity. The in vivo XO inhibitory activity and anti‑hyperuricemic effects of the extract were evaluated in mice with potassium oxonate‑induced hyperuricemia. To clarify the marker compounds that are responsible for the anti‑hyperuricemic effects, several key constituents were identified using gas chromatography‑mass spectrometry (GC‑MS) and and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). ECJL was found to have strong antioxidant activities, and in vitro XO inhibitory activity. The results of the in vivo experiments using mice demonstrated that ECJL at the doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg inhibited hepatic XO activity and significantly attenuated hyperuricemia. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first report on the XO inhibitory and anti-hyperuricemic effects of ECJL, which can be therapeutically applied in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yoon IS, Park DH, Kim JE, Yoo JC, Bae MS, Oh DS, Shim JH, Choi CY, An KW, Kim EI, Kim EI, et al: Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo. Int J Mol Med 39: 1613-1620, 2017.
APA
Yoon, I., Park, D., Kim, J., Yoo, J., Bae, M., Oh, D. ... Cho, S. (2017). Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 39, 1613-1620. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2973
MLA
Yoon, I., Park, D., Kim, J., Yoo, J., Bae, M., Oh, D., Shim, J., Choi, C., An, K., Kim, E., Kim, G., Cho, S."Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 39.6 (2017): 1613-1620.
Chicago
Yoon, I., Park, D., Kim, J., Yoo, J., Bae, M., Oh, D., Shim, J., Choi, C., An, K., Kim, E., Kim, G., Cho, S."Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 39, no. 6 (2017): 1613-1620. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2973
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yoon IS, Park DH, Kim JE, Yoo JC, Bae MS, Oh DS, Shim JH, Choi CY, An KW, Kim EI, Kim EI, et al: Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo. Int J Mol Med 39: 1613-1620, 2017.
APA
Yoon, I., Park, D., Kim, J., Yoo, J., Bae, M., Oh, D. ... Cho, S. (2017). Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 39, 1613-1620. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2973
MLA
Yoon, I., Park, D., Kim, J., Yoo, J., Bae, M., Oh, D., Shim, J., Choi, C., An, K., Kim, E., Kim, G., Cho, S."Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 39.6 (2017): 1613-1620.
Chicago
Yoon, I., Park, D., Kim, J., Yoo, J., Bae, M., Oh, D., Shim, J., Choi, C., An, K., Kim, E., Kim, G., Cho, S."Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 39, no. 6 (2017): 1613-1620. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2973
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