Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
July-2017 Volume 40 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2017 Volume 40 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by upregulating caveolin 1 and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2: Involvement of p53 activation and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 downregulation

  • Authors:
    • Ting Zhang
    • Yuan Hu
    • Ting Wang
    • Peiling Cai
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China, Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 21-30
    |
    Published online on: May 9, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2980
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been shown to inhibit the viability of various cancer cells. Previous studies have revealed that the mechanisms involved in the inhibitory effects of DHA are based on theactivation of p53 and the mitochondrial-related cell death pathway. However, the exact association between upstream signaling and the activation of cell death pathway remains unclear. In this study, we found that DHA treatment induced the upregulation of caveolin 1 (Cav1) and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) in HeLa cells, and this was associated with the DHA-induced inhibition of cell viability and DHA-induced apoptosis. Additionally, the overexpression of Cav1 and MTCH2 in HeLa cells enhanced the inhibitory effects of DHA on cell viability. Moreover, we also found that the upregulation of Cav1 contributed to the DHA-mediated p53 activation and the downregulation of the redox enzyme, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), which have been reported to contribute to the activation of the cell death pathway. Of note, we also found that DHA induced the nuclear translocation and accumulation of both Cav1 and p53, indicating a novel potential mechanism, namely the regulation of p53 activation by Cav1. On the whole, our study identified Cav1 and MTCH2 as the molecular targets of DHA and revealed a new link between the upstream Cav1/MTCH2 upregulation and the downstream activation of the cell death pathway involved in the DHA-mediated inhibition of cell viability.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Cao L, Duanmu W, Yin Y, Zhou Z, Ge H, Chen T, Tan L, Yu A, Hu R, Fei L, et al: Dihydroartemisinin exhibits anti-glioma stem cell activity through inhibiting p-AKT and activating caspase-3. Pharmazie. 69:752–758. 2014.

2 

Lucibello M, Adanti S, Antelmi E, Dezi D, Ciafrè S, Carcangiu ML, Zonfrillo M, Nicotera G, Sica L, De Braud F, et al: Phospho-TCTP as a therapeutic target of Dihydroartemisinin for aggressive breast cancer cells. Oncotarget. 6:5275–5291. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Lu M, Sun L, Zhou J, Zhao Y and Deng X: Dihydroartemisinin-induced apoptosis is associated with inhibition of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium atpase activity in colorectal cancer. Cell Biochem Biophys. 73:137–145. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Liao K, Li J and Wang Z: Dihydroartemisinin inhibits cell proliferation via AKT/GSK3β/cyclinD1 pathway and induces apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 7:8684–8691. 2014.

5 

Zhang CZ, Zhang H, Yun J, Chen GG and Lai PBS: Dihydroartemisinin exhibits antitumor activity toward hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol. 83:1278–1289. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Zhao X, Zhong H, Wang R, Liu D, Waxman S, Zhao L and Jing Y: Dihydroartemisinin and its derivative induce apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia through Noxa-mediated pathway requiring iron and endoperoxide moiety. Oncotarget. 6:5582–5596. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Lu YY, Chen TS, Wang XP and Li L: Single-cell analysis of dihydroartemisinin-induced apoptosis through reactive oxygen species-mediated caspase-8 activation and mitochondrial pathway in ASTC-a-1 cells using fluorescence imaging techniques. J Biomed Opt. 15:0460282010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Cabello CM, Lamore SD, Bair WB III, Qiao S, Azimian S, Lesson JL and Wondrak GT: The redox antimalarial dihydroartemisinin targets human metastatic melanoma cells but not primary melanocytes with induction of NOXA-dependent apoptosis. Invest New Drugs. 30:1289–1301. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Ji Y, Zhang YC, Pei LB, Shi LL, Yan JL and Ma XH: Anti-tumor effects of dihydroartemisinin on human osteosarcoma. Mol Cell Biochem. 351:99–108. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Zhang CZ, Pan Y, Cao Y, Lai PB, Liu L, Chen GG and Yun J: Histone deacetylase inhibitors facilitate dihydroartemisinin-induced apoptosis in liver cancer in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One. 7:e398702012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Simmons GE Jr, Taylor HE and Hildreth JE: Caveolin-1 suppresses human immunodeficiency virus-1 replication by inhibiting acetylation of NF-κB. Virology. 432:110–119. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Garrean S, Gao XP, Brovkovych V, Shimizu J, Zhao YY, Vogel SM and Malik AB: Caveolin-1 regulates NF-kappaB activation and lung inflammatory response to sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide. J Immunol. 177:4853–4860. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Wang XM, Kim HP, Song R and Choi AM: Caveolin-1 confers anti-inflammatory effects in murine macrophages via the MKK3/p38 MAPK pathway. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 34:434–442. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Huertas-Martínez J, Rello-Varona S, Herrero-Martín D, Barrau I, García-Monclús S, Sáinz-Jaspeado M, Lagares-Tena L, Núñez-Álvarez Y, Mateo-Lozano S, Mora J, et al: Caveolin-1 is down-regulated in alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas and negatively regulates tumor growth. Oncotarget. 5:9744–9755. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Bender FC, Reymond MA, Bron C and Quest AF: Caveolin-1 levels are down-regulated in human colon tumors, and ectopic expression of caveolin-1 in colon carcinoma cell lines reduces cell tumorigenicity. Cancer Res. 60:5870–5878. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

16 

Bélanger MM, Roussel E and Couet J: Caveolin-1 is down-regulated in human lung carcinoma and acts as a candidate tumor suppressor gene. Chest. 125(Suppl): 106S2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Huang X, Pan L, Pu H, Wang Y, Zhang X, Li C and Yang Z: Loss of caveolin-1 promotes endothelial-mesenchymal transition during sepsis: a membrane proteomic study. Int J Mol Med. 32:585–592. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Wang R, He W, Li Z, Chang W, Xin Y and Huang T: Caveolin-1 functions as a key regulator of 17β-estradiol-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in BT474 breast cancer cells. Int J Mol Med. 34:822–827. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

19 

Trimmer C, Sotgia F, Whitaker-Menezes D, Balliet RM, Eaton G, Martinez-Outschoorn UE, Pavlides S, Howell A, Iozzo RV, Pestell RG, et al: Caveolin-1 and mitochondrial SOD2 (MnSOD) function as tumor suppressors in the stromal microenvironment: a new genetically tractable model for human cancer associated fibroblasts. Cancer Biol Ther. 11:383–394. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar :

20 

Benhar M, Engelberg D and Levitzki A: ROS, stress-activated kinases and stress signaling in cancer. EMBO Rep. 3:420–425. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Mao H, Gu H, Qu X, Sun J, Song B, Gao W, Liu J and Shao Q: Involvement of the mitochondrial pathway and Bim/Bcl-2 balance in dihydroartemisinin-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer in vitro. Int J Mol Med. 31:213–218. 2013.

22 

Volonte D, Liu Z, Musille PM, Stoppani E, Wakabayashi N, Di YP, Lisanti MP, Kensler TW and Galbiati F: Inhibition of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) by caveolin-1 promotes stress-induced premature senescence. Mol Biol Cell. 24:1852–1862. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Li W, Liu H, Zhou JS, Cao JF, Zhou XB, Choi AM, Chen ZH and Shen HH: Caveolin-1 inhibits expression of antioxidant enzymes through direct interaction with nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor-2 (Nrf2). J Biol Chem. 287:20922–20930. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Katz C, Zaltsman-Amir Y, Mostizky Y, Kollet N, Gross A and Friedler A: Molecular basis of the interaction between proapoptotic truncated BID (tBID) protein and mitochondrial carrier homologue 2 (MTCH2) protein: key players in mitochondrial death pathway. J Biol Chem. 287:15016–15023. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Zaltsman Y, Shachnai L, Yivgi-Ohana N, Schwarz M, Maryanovich M, Houtkooper RH, Vaz FM, De Leonardis F, Fiermonte G, Palmieri F, et al: MTCH2/MIMP is a major facilitator of tBID recruitment to mitochondria. Nat Cell Biol. 12:553–562. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Leibowitz-Amit R, Tsarfaty G, Abargil Y, Yerushalmi GM, Horev J and Tsarfaty I: Mimp, a mitochondrial carrier homologue, inhibits Met-HGF/SF-induced scattering and tumorigenicity by altering Met-HGF/SF signaling pathways. Cancer Res. 66:8687–8697. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Yu K, Ganesan K, Tan LK, Laban M, Wu J, Zhao XD, Li H, Leung CH, Zhu Y, Wei CL, et al: A precisely regulated gene expression cassette potently modulates metastasis and survival in multiple solid cancers. PLoS Genet. 4:e10001292008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Arigoni M, Barutello G, Riccardo F, Ercole E, Cantarella D, Orso F, Conti L, Lanzardo S, Taverna D, Merighi I, et al: miR-135b coordinates progression of ErbB2-driven mammary carcinomas through suppression of MID1 and MTCH2. Am J Pathol. 182:2058–2070. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Han F, Gu D, Chen Q and Zhu H: Caveolin-1 acts as a tumor suppressor by down-regulating epidermal growth factor receptor-mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Pancreas. 38:766–774. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Bartholomew JN, Volonte D and Galbiati F: Caveolin-1 regulates the antagonistic pleiotropic properties of cellular senescence through a novel Mdm2/p53-mediated pathway. Cancer Res. 69:2878–2886. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Volonte D, Zou H, Bartholomew JN, Liu Z, Morel PA and Galbiati F: Oxidative stress-induced inhibition of Sirt1 by caveolin-1 promotes p53-dependent premature senescence and stimulates the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6). J Biol Chem. 290:4202–4214. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar :

32 

Chrétien A, Piront N, Delaive E, Demazy C, Ninane N and Toussaint O: Increased abundance of cytoplasmic and nuclear caveolin 1 in human diploid fibroblasts in H(2)O(2)-induced premature senescence and interplay with p38alpha(MAPK). FEBS Lett. 582:1685–1692. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Hosoya K, Murahari S, Laio A, London CA, Couto CG and Kisseberth WC: Biological activity of dihydroartemisinin in canine osteosarcoma cell lines. Am J Vet Res. 69:519–526. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Wang Z, Hu W, Zhang JL, Wu XH and Zhou HJ: Dihydroartemisinin induces autophagy and inhibits the growth of iron-loaded human myeloid leukemia K562 cells via ROS toxicity. FEBS Open Bio. 2:103–112. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Kim J, Kim SK, Kim HK, Mattson MP and Hyun DH: Mitochondrial function in human neuroblastoma cells is up-regulated and protected by NQO1, a plasma membrane redox enzyme. PLoS One. 8:e690302013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Sax JK, Fei P, Murphy ME, Bernhard E, Korsmeyer SJ and El-Deiry WS: BID regulation by p53 contributes to chemosensitivity. Nat Cell Biol. 4:842–849. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Koivusalo R, Mialon A, Pitkänen H, Westermarck J and Hietanen S: Activation of p53 in cervical cancer cells by human papillomavirus E6 RNA interference is transient, but can be sustained by inhibiting endogenous nuclear export-dependent p53 antagonists. Cancer Res. 66:11817–11824. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Hietanen S, Lain S, Krausz E, Blattner C and Lane DP: Activation of p53 in cervical carcinoma cells by small molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 97:8501–8506. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang T, Hu Y, Wang T and Cai P: Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by upregulating caveolin 1 and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2: Involvement of p53 activation and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 downregulation. Int J Mol Med 40: 21-30, 2017.
APA
Zhang, T., Hu, Y., Wang, T., & Cai, P. (2017). Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by upregulating caveolin 1 and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2: Involvement of p53 activation and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 downregulation. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 40, 21-30. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2980
MLA
Zhang, T., Hu, Y., Wang, T., Cai, P."Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by upregulating caveolin 1 and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2: Involvement of p53 activation and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 downregulation". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40.1 (2017): 21-30.
Chicago
Zhang, T., Hu, Y., Wang, T., Cai, P."Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by upregulating caveolin 1 and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2: Involvement of p53 activation and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 downregulation". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40, no. 1 (2017): 21-30. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2980
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang T, Hu Y, Wang T and Cai P: Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by upregulating caveolin 1 and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2: Involvement of p53 activation and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 downregulation. Int J Mol Med 40: 21-30, 2017.
APA
Zhang, T., Hu, Y., Wang, T., & Cai, P. (2017). Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by upregulating caveolin 1 and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2: Involvement of p53 activation and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 downregulation. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 40, 21-30. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2980
MLA
Zhang, T., Hu, Y., Wang, T., Cai, P."Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by upregulating caveolin 1 and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2: Involvement of p53 activation and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 downregulation". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40.1 (2017): 21-30.
Chicago
Zhang, T., Hu, Y., Wang, T., Cai, P."Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by upregulating caveolin 1 and mitochondrial carrier homolog 2: Involvement of p53 activation and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 downregulation". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40, no. 1 (2017): 21-30. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2980
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team