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Article Open Access

Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury

  • Authors:
    • Yixuan Ma
    • Yimin Huang
    • Xuyang Liu
    • Liwu Jiao
    • Hongtao Zhu
    • Zhiye Chen
    • Zhuojin Wu
    • Yuanzhong Shen
    • Kehan Lin
    • Feng Hu
    • Kai Shu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Ma et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 4.0].
  • Article Number: 41
    |
    Published online on: January 3, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5482
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Abstract

The present study investigated the mechanisms by which aquaporin 1 (AQP1) influences microglial polarization and neuroinflammatory processes in traumatic brain injury (TBI). A model of TBI was generated in AQP1‑knockout mice to assess the impact of AQP1 deletion on inflammatory cytokine release, neuronal damage and cognitive function. Immunofluorescence, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay were employed to evaluate pro‑inflammatory and anti‑inflammatory markers. Behavioral assessments, including the Barnes maze, were performed to determine cognitive outcomes. Moreover, AQP1 knockout inhibited the activation of inflammation‑related signaling pathways, including nuclear factor‑κB, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/protein kinase B and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase/mitogen‑activated protein kinase pathways. Further studies indicated that the AQP1 inhibitor m‑phenylenediacrylic acid demonstrated significant neuroprotective effects in a mouse model of TBI. These findings suggested that AQP1 may be essential in post‑TBI inflammatory responses and neuronal injury, establishing a theoretical foundation for future therapies aimed at AQP1.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Ma Y, Huang Y, Liu X, Jiao L, Zhu H, Chen Z, Wu Z, Shen Y, Lin K, Hu F, Hu F, et al: Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury. Int J Mol Med 55: 41, 2025.
APA
Ma, Y., Huang, Y., Liu, X., Jiao, L., Zhu, H., Chen, Z. ... Shu, K. (2025). Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 55, 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5482
MLA
Ma, Y., Huang, Y., Liu, X., Jiao, L., Zhu, H., Chen, Z., Wu, Z., Shen, Y., Lin, K., Hu, F., Shu, K."Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 55.3 (2025): 41.
Chicago
Ma, Y., Huang, Y., Liu, X., Jiao, L., Zhu, H., Chen, Z., Wu, Z., Shen, Y., Lin, K., Hu, F., Shu, K."Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 55, no. 3 (2025): 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5482
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Ma Y, Huang Y, Liu X, Jiao L, Zhu H, Chen Z, Wu Z, Shen Y, Lin K, Hu F, Hu F, et al: Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury. Int J Mol Med 55: 41, 2025.
APA
Ma, Y., Huang, Y., Liu, X., Jiao, L., Zhu, H., Chen, Z. ... Shu, K. (2025). Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 55, 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5482
MLA
Ma, Y., Huang, Y., Liu, X., Jiao, L., Zhu, H., Chen, Z., Wu, Z., Shen, Y., Lin, K., Hu, F., Shu, K."Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 55.3 (2025): 41.
Chicago
Ma, Y., Huang, Y., Liu, X., Jiao, L., Zhu, H., Chen, Z., Wu, Z., Shen, Y., Lin, K., Hu, F., Shu, K."Aquaporin‑1 regulates microglial polarization and inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 55, no. 3 (2025): 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2025.5482
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