Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
Journal Cover
November 2013 Volume 43 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November 2013 Volume 43 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review

Telomerase regulation: A key to inhibition? (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Diego L. Mengual Gómez
    • Hernán G. Farina
    • Daniel E. Gómez
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Pages: 1351-1356
    |
    Published online on: September 16, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.2104
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Telomerase has been recognized as a common factor in most tumor cells, and in turn a distinctive feature with respect to non-malignant cells. This feature has made telomerase a promising target for cancer therapy. Telomerase studies revealed that it is a multi-subunit complex possessing different levels of regulation, including control of expression, phosphorylation state, assembly and transportation to sites of activity. Thus, we emphasize that targeting telomerase expression or activity is not the only way to shorten telomeres, induce cell senescence and apoptosis. Therefore, there are multiple sites capable of allowing the modulation of its enzymatic activity. In the development of strategies based on the regulation of telomerase activity the understanding of the mechanisms regulating their subunits is essential. Based on this, in this review we summarize the current state of knowledge of some regulatory mechanisms of the components of the telomerase complex, and hypothetize their potential therapeutic application against cancer.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1. 

Blackburn EH: Structure and function of telomeres. Nature. 350:569–573. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2. 

Moyzis RK, Buckingham JM, Cram LS, et al: A highly conserved repetitive DNA sequence, (TTAGGG)n, present at the telomeres of human chromosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 85:6622–6626. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3. 

Griffith JD, Comeau L, Rosenfield S, et al: Mammalian telomeres end in a large duplex loop. Cell. 97:503–514. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4. 

Greider CW: Telomeres do D-loop-T-loop. Cell. 97:419–422. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5. 

De Lange T: Shelterin: the protein complex that shapes and safeguards human telomeres. Genes Dev. 19:2100–2110. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

6. 

Neidle S: Human telomeric G-quadruplex: the current status of telomeric G-quadruplexes as therapeutic targets in human cancer. FEBS J. 277:1118–1125. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7. 

O’Sullivan RJ and Karlseder J: Telomeres: protecting chromosomes against genome instability. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 11:171–181. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

8. 

Palm W and de Lange T: How shelterin protects mammalian telomeres. Annu Rev Genet. 42:301–334. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9. 

Smogorzewska A and de Lange T: Regulation of telomerase by telomeric proteins. Annu Rev Biochem. 73:177–208. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10. 

Greider CW and Blackburn EH: The telomere terminal transferase of Tetrahymena is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme with two kinds of primer specificity. Cell. 51:887–898. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11. 

Bryan TM and Reddel RR: Telomere dynamics and telomerase activity in in vitro immortalised human cells. Eur J Cancer. 33:767–773. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12. 

Broccoli D, Young JW and de Lange T: Telomerase activity in normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 92:9082–9086. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13. 

Ryan KM and Birnie GD: Cell-cycle progression is not essential for c-Myc to block differentiation. Oncogene. 14:2835–2843. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14. 

Wu KJ, Grandori C, Amacker M, et al: Direct activation of TERT transcription by c-MYC. Nat Genet. 21:220–224. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15. 

Greider CW and Blackburn EH: Identification of a specific telomere terminal transferase activity in Tetrahymena extracts. Cell. 43:405–413. 1985. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16. 

Mason M, Schuller A and Skordalakes E: Telomerase structure function. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 21:92–100. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17. 

Feng J, Funk WD, Wang SS, et al: The RNA component of human telomerase. Science. 269:1236–1241. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18. 

Morin GB: The human telomere terminal transferase enzyme is a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes TTAGGG repeats. Cell. 59:521–529. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19. 

Ly H: Genetic and environmental factors influencing human diseases with telomere dysfunction. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2:114–130. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

20. 

Fu D and Collins K: Purification of human telomerase complexes identifies factors involved in telomerase biogenesis and telomere length regulation. Mol Cell. 28:773–785. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21. 

Venteicher AS, Meng Z, Mason PJ, Veenstra TD and Artandi SE: Identification of ATPases pontin and reptin as telomerase components essential for holoenzyme assembly. Cell. 132:945–957. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22. 

Zhong F, Savage SA, Shkreli M, et al: Disruption of telomerase trafficking by TCAB1 mutation causes dyskeratosis congenita. Genes Dev. 25:11–16. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23. 

Kelleher C, Teixeira MT, Forstemann K and Lingner J: Telomerase: biochemical considerations for enzyme and substrate. Trends Biochem Sci. 27:572–579. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24. 

De Boeck G, Forsyth RG, Praet M and Hogendoorn PC: Telomere-associated proteins: cross-talk between telomere maintenance and telomere-lengthening mechanisms. J Pathol. 217:327–344. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

25. 

Forsyth NR, Wright WE and Shay JW: Telomerase and differentiation in multicellular organisms: turn it off, turn it on, and turn it off again. Differentiation. 69:188–197. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26. 

Kilian A, Bowtell DD, Abud HE, et al: Isolation of a candidate human telomerase catalytic subunit gene, which reveals complex splicing patterns in different cell types. Hum Mol Genet. 6:2011–2019. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27. 

Ulaner GA, Hu JF, Vu TH, Giudice LC and Hoffman AR: Telomerase activity in human development is regulated by human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) transcription and by alternate splicing of hTERT transcripts. Cancer Res. 58:4168–4172. 1998.

28. 

Ulaner GA, Hu JF, Vu TH, Oruganti H, Giudice LC and Hoffman AR: Regulation of telomerase by alternate splicing of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in normal and neoplastic ovary, endometrium and myometrium. Int J Cancer. 85:330–335. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29. 

Cong YS, Wright WE and Shay JW: Human telomerase and its regulation. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 66:407–425. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30. 

Sawyers CL, McLaughlin J, Goga A, Havlik M and Witte O: The nuclear tyrosine kinase c-Abl negatively regulates cell growth. Cell. 77:121–131. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31. 

Kharbanda S, Kumar V, Dhar S, et al: Regulation of the hTERT telomerase catalytic subunit by the c-Abl tyrosine kinase. Curr Biol. 10:568–575. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32. 

Tomlinson RL, Ziegler TD, Supakorndej T, Terns RM and Terns MP: Cell cycle-regulated trafficking of human telomerase to telomeres. Mol Biol Cell. 17:955–965. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33. 

Jady BE, Richard P, Bertrand E and Kiss T: Cell cycle-dependent recruitment of telomerase RNA and Cajal bodies to human telomeres. Mol Biol Cell. 17:944–954. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34. 

Cioce M and Lamond AI: Cajal bodies: a long history of discovery. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 21:105–131. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35. 

Wojtyla A, Gladych M and Rubis B: Human telomerase activity regulation. Mol Biol Rep. 38:3339–3349. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

36. 

Jady BE, Bertrand E and Kiss T: Human telomerase RNA and box H/ACA scaRNAs share a common Cajal body-specific localization signal. J Cell Biol. 164:647–652. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37. 

Lukowiak AA, Narayanan A, Li ZH, Terns RM and Terns MP: The snoRNA domain of vertebrate telomerase RNA functions to localize the RNA within the nucleus. RNA. 7:1833–1844. 2001.PubMed/NCBI

38. 

Etheridge KT, Banik SS, Armbruster BN, et al: The nucleolar localization domain of the catalytic subunit of human telomerase. J Biol Chem. 277:24764–24770. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39. 

Yang Y, Chen Y, Zhang C, Huang H and Weissman SM: Nucleolar localization of hTERT protein is associated with telomerase function. Exp Cell Res. 277:201–209. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40. 

Aisner DL, Wright WE and Shay JW: Telomerase regulation: not just flipping the switch. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 12:80–85. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41. 

Collins K: Physiological assembly and activity of human telomerase complexes. Mech Ageing Dev. 129:91–98. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42. 

McEachern MJ, Krauskopf A and Blackburn EH: Telomeres and their control. Annu Rev Genet. 34:331–358. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar

43. 

Taggart AK, Teng SC and Zakian VA: Est1p as a cell cycle-regulated activator of telomere-bound telomerase. Science. 297:1023–1026. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44. 

Bachand F, Boisvert FM, Cote J, Richard S and Autexier C: The product of the survival of motor neuron (SMN) gene is a human telomerase-associated protein. Mol Biol Cell. 13:3192–3202. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45. 

Tomlinson RL, Abreu EB, Ziegler T, et al: Telomerase reverse transcriptase is required for the localization of telomerase RNA to cajal bodies and telomeres in human cancer cells. Mol Biol Cell. 19:3793–3800. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46. 

Li H: Unveiling substrate RNA binding to H/ACA RNPs: one side fits all. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 18:78–85. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47. 

Venteicher AS, Abreu EB, Meng Z, et al: A human telomerase holoenzyme protein required for Cajal body localization and telomere synthesis. Science. 323:644–648. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48. 

Cheng X and Roberts RJ: AdoMet-dependent methylation, DNA methyltransferases and base flipping. Nucleic Acids Res. 29:3784–3795. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49. 

Hamma T, Reichow SL, Varani G and Ferre-D’Amare AR: The Cbf5-Nop10 complex is a molecular bracket that organizes box H/ACA RNPs. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 12:1101–1107. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50. 

Pogacic V, Dragon F and Filipowicz W: Human H/ACA small nucleolar RNPs and telomerase share evolutionarily conserved proteins NHP2 and NOP10. Mol Cell Biol. 20:9028–9040. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51. 

Maiorano D, Brimage LJ, Leroy D and Kearsey SE: Functional conservation and cell cycle localization of the Nhp2 core component of H + ACA snoRNPs in fission and budding yeasts. Exp Cell Res. 252:165–174. 1999.PubMed/NCBI

52. 

Girard JP, Caizergues-Ferrer M and Lapeyre B: The SpGAR1 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe encodes the functional homologue of the snoRNP protein GAR1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res. 21:2149–2155. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53. 

Cossu F, Vulliamy TJ, Marrone A, Badiali M, Cao A and Dokal I: A novel DKC1 mutation, severe combined immunodeficiency (T+B-NK- SCID) and bone marrow transplantation in an infant with Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome. Br J Haematol. 119:765–768. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

54. 

Wong JM, Kyasa MJ, Hutchins L and Collins K: Telomerase RNA deficiency in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in X-linked dyskeratosis congenita. Hum Genet. 115:448–455. 2004.PubMed/NCBI

55. 

Vulliamy T, Beswick R, Kirwan M, et al: Mutations in the telomerase component NHP2 cause the premature ageing syndrome dyskeratosis congenita. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 105:8073–8078. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56. 

Walne AJ, Vulliamy T, Marrone A, et al: Genetic heterogeneity in autosomal recessive dyskeratosis congenita with one subtype due to mutations in the telomerase-associated protein NOP10. Hum Mol Genet. 16:1619–1629. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57. 

Heiss NS, Knight SW, Vulliamy TJ, et al: X-linked dyskeratosis congenita is caused by mutations in a highly conserved gene with putative nucleolar functions. Nat Genet. 19:32–38. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58. 

Meier UT: The many facets of H/ACA ribonucleoproteins. Chromosoma. 114:1–14. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

59. 

Parry EM, Alder JK, Lee SS, et al: Decreased dyskerin levels as a mechanism of telomere shortening in X-linked dyskeratosis congenita. J Med Genet. 48:327–333. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60. 

Tomlinson RL, Li J, Culp BR, Terns RM and Terns MP: A Cajal body-independent pathway for telomerase trafficking in mice. Exp Cell Res. 316:2797–2809. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

61. 

Lin J, Jin R, Zhang B, et al: Nucleolar localization of TERT is unrelated to telomerase function in human cells. J Cell Sci. 121:2169–2176. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

62. 

Wong JM, Kusdra L and Collins K: Subnuclear shuttling of human telomerase induced by transformation and DNA damage. Nat Cell Biol. 4:731–736. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

63. 

Gallardo F and Chartrand P: Telomerase biogenesis: The long road before getting to the end. RNA Biol. 5:212–215. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

64. 

Collins K: The biogenesis and regulation of telomerase holoenzymes. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 7:484–494. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

65. 

Grozdanov PN, Roy S, Kittur N and Meier UT: SHQ1 is required prior to NAF1 for assembly of H/ACA small nucleolar and telomerase RNPs. RNA. 15:1188–1197. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

66. 

Abreu E, Aritonovska E, Reichenbach P, et al: TIN2-tethered TPP1 recruits human telomerase to telomeres in vivo. Mol Cell Biol. 30:2971–2982. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

67. 

Cifuentes-Rojas C and Shippen DE: Telomerase regulation. Mutat Res. 730:20–27. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

68. 

Collins K and Mitchell JR: Telomerase in the human organism. Oncogene. 21:564–579. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

69. 

Venteicher AS and Artandi SE: TCAB1: driving telomerase to Cajal bodies. Cell Cycle. 8:1329–1331. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

70. 

Wang F, Podell ER, Zaug AJ, et al: The POT1-TPP1 telomere complex is a telomerase processivity factor. Nature. 445:506–510. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

71. 

Xin H, Liu D, Wan M, et al: TPP1 is a homologue of ciliate TEBP-beta and interacts with POT1 to recruit telomerase. Nature. 445:559–562. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

72. 

Shore D and Bianchi A: Telomere length regulation: coupling DNA end processing to feedback regulation of telomerase. EMBO J. 28:2309–2322. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

73. 

Smogorzewska A, van Steensel B, Bianchi A, et al: Control of human telomere length by TRF1 and TRF2. Mol Cell Biol. 20:1659–1668. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

74. 

Ancelin K, Brunori M, Bauwens S, et al: Targeting assay to study the cis functions of human telomeric proteins: evidence for inhibition of telomerase by TRF1 and for activation of telomere degradation by TRF2. Mol Cell Biol. 22:3474–3487. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

75. 

Roth A, Harley CB and Baerlocher GM: Imetelstat (GRN163L)--telomerase-based cancer therapy. Recent Results Cancer Res. 184:221–234. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

76. 

Chakraborty S, Ghosh U, Bhattacharyya NP, Bhattacharya RK and Roy M: Inhibition of telomerase activity and induction of apoptosis by curcumin in K-562 cells. Mutat Res. 596:81–90. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

77. 

Mukherjee Nee Chakraborty S, Ghosh U, Bhattacharyya NP, Bhattacharya RK, Dey S and Roy M: Curcumin-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cell HL-60 is associated with inhibition of telomerase activity. Mol Cell Biochem. 297:31–39. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

78. 

Ramachandran C, Fonseca HB, Jhabvala P, Escalon EA and Melnick SJ: Curcumin inhibits telomerase activity through human telomerase reverse transcritpase in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Cancer Lett. 184:1–6. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

79. 

Lee JH and Chung IK: Curcumin inhibits nuclear localization of telomerase by dissociating the Hsp90 co-chaperone p23 from hTERT. Cancer Lett. 290:76–86. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

80. 

Moon DO, Kang SH, Kim KC, Kim MO, Choi YH and Kim GY: Sulforaphane decreases viability and telomerase activity in hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells through the reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway. Cancer Lett. 295:260–266. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Gómez DL, Farina HG and Gómez DE: Telomerase regulation: A key to inhibition? (Review). Int J Oncol 43: 1351-1356, 2013.
APA
Gómez, D.L., Farina, H.G., & Gómez, D.E. (2013). Telomerase regulation: A key to inhibition? (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 43, 1351-1356. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.2104
MLA
Gómez, D. L., Farina, H. G., Gómez, D. E."Telomerase regulation: A key to inhibition? (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 43.5 (2013): 1351-1356.
Chicago
Gómez, D. L., Farina, H. G., Gómez, D. E."Telomerase regulation: A key to inhibition? (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 43, no. 5 (2013): 1351-1356. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.2104
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Gómez DL, Farina HG and Gómez DE: Telomerase regulation: A key to inhibition? (Review). Int J Oncol 43: 1351-1356, 2013.
APA
Gómez, D.L., Farina, H.G., & Gómez, D.E. (2013). Telomerase regulation: A key to inhibition? (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 43, 1351-1356. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.2104
MLA
Gómez, D. L., Farina, H. G., Gómez, D. E."Telomerase regulation: A key to inhibition? (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 43.5 (2013): 1351-1356.
Chicago
Gómez, D. L., Farina, H. G., Gómez, D. E."Telomerase regulation: A key to inhibition? (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 43, no. 5 (2013): 1351-1356. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.2104
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team