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Article

Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer through downregulation of VE‑cadherin/EphA2/MMP9/MMP2 expression

  • Authors:
    • Jing-Qiang Guo
    • Qing-Hui Zheng
    • Hui Chen
    • Liang Chen
    • Jin-Bo Xu
    • Min-Yuan Chen
    • Dian Lu
    • Zhao-Hong Wang
    • Hong-Fei Tong
    • Shengzhang Lin
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, P.R. China, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1065-1072
    |
    Published online on: June 16, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2500
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Abstract

Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), a trace tetracyclic triterpenoid saponin, is extracted from ginseng and shown to have anticancer activity against several types of cancers. This study explored the effect of Rg3 on pancreatic cancer vasculogenic mimicry. Altered vasculogenic mimicry formation was assessed using immunohistochemistry and PAS staining and associated with the expression of vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin), epithelial cell kinase (EphA2), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. The effect of Rg3 on the regulation of pancreatic cancer vasculogenic mimicry was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The data showed vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer tissues. In addition, the expression of VE-cadherin, EphA2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins associated with formation of pancreatic cancer vasculogenic mimicry. Rg3 treatment reduced the levels of vasculogenic mimicry in nude mouse xenografts in vitro and in vivo, while the expression of VE-cadherin, EphA2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA and proteins was downregulated by Rg3 treatment in vitro and in tumor xenografts. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rg3 effectively inhibited the formation of pancreatic cancer vasculogenic mimicry by downregulating the expression of VE-cadherin, EphA2, MMP9 and MMP2. Further studies are required to evaluate ginsenoside Rg3 as an agent to control pancreatic cancer.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Guo J, Zheng Q, Chen H, Chen L, Xu J, Chen M, Lu D, Wang Z, Tong H, Lin S, Lin S, et al: Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer through downregulation of VE‑cadherin/EphA2/MMP9/MMP2 expression. Int J Oncol 45: 1065-1072, 2014.
APA
Guo, J., Zheng, Q., Chen, H., Chen, L., Xu, J., Chen, M. ... Lin, S. (2014). Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer through downregulation of VE‑cadherin/EphA2/MMP9/MMP2 expression. International Journal of Oncology, 45, 1065-1072. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2500
MLA
Guo, J., Zheng, Q., Chen, H., Chen, L., Xu, J., Chen, M., Lu, D., Wang, Z., Tong, H., Lin, S."Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer through downregulation of VE‑cadherin/EphA2/MMP9/MMP2 expression". International Journal of Oncology 45.3 (2014): 1065-1072.
Chicago
Guo, J., Zheng, Q., Chen, H., Chen, L., Xu, J., Chen, M., Lu, D., Wang, Z., Tong, H., Lin, S."Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer through downregulation of VE‑cadherin/EphA2/MMP9/MMP2 expression". International Journal of Oncology 45, no. 3 (2014): 1065-1072. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2500
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Guo J, Zheng Q, Chen H, Chen L, Xu J, Chen M, Lu D, Wang Z, Tong H, Lin S, Lin S, et al: Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer through downregulation of VE‑cadherin/EphA2/MMP9/MMP2 expression. Int J Oncol 45: 1065-1072, 2014.
APA
Guo, J., Zheng, Q., Chen, H., Chen, L., Xu, J., Chen, M. ... Lin, S. (2014). Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer through downregulation of VE‑cadherin/EphA2/MMP9/MMP2 expression. International Journal of Oncology, 45, 1065-1072. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2500
MLA
Guo, J., Zheng, Q., Chen, H., Chen, L., Xu, J., Chen, M., Lu, D., Wang, Z., Tong, H., Lin, S."Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer through downregulation of VE‑cadherin/EphA2/MMP9/MMP2 expression". International Journal of Oncology 45.3 (2014): 1065-1072.
Chicago
Guo, J., Zheng, Q., Chen, H., Chen, L., Xu, J., Chen, M., Lu, D., Wang, Z., Tong, H., Lin, S."Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer through downregulation of VE‑cadherin/EphA2/MMP9/MMP2 expression". International Journal of Oncology 45, no. 3 (2014): 1065-1072. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2500
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