Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
Journal Cover
December-2014 Volume 45 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
December-2014 Volume 45 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Expression and clinical significance of CXCR5/CXCL13 in human non‑small cell lung carcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Rajesh Singh
    • Pranav Gupta
    • Goetz H. Kloecker
    • Shailesh Singh
    • James W. Lillard Jr
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310‑1495, USA, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA
    Copyright: © Singh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].
  • Pages: 2232-2240
    |
    Published online on: September 30, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2688
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

CXCR5 and/or CXCL13 expression is elevated in certain carcinomas and lymphomas. To determine if these factors are involved in progression of non‑small cell lung cancer (LuCa), we evaluated their expression in patients with various forms of this disease. Lung biopsies from patients with non‑neoplastic cells (n=8), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; n=24), or adenocarcinoma (AC; n=54) were stained for CXCR5. Histopathological analysis of these samples showed significantly higher expression of CXCR5 (p<0.001) in carcinomas (i.e., SCCs and ACs) relative to non‑neoplastic lung tissue. Nuclear and membrane CXCR5 intensities were highest in ACs, with median values of 185 and 130, respectively, followed by SCCs with median values of 170 and 110, respectively. The lowest nuclear and membrane expressions of CXCR5 were found in non‑neoplastic tissues, having median values of 142 and 90, respectively. Sera from SCC patients (n=17), AC patients (n=14), and healthy controls (n=9) were tested for the presence of CXCL13. Serum CXCL13 levels in LuCa patients were higher than in healthy controls. CXCR5 expression in cell lines of human non‑small cell lung carcinoma (NCI‑H1915) and small cell lung carcinoma (SW‑1271) were evaluated by flow cytometry. CXCR5 expression was higher in NCI‑H1915 cells relative to SW‑1271 cells. The functional significance of CXCR5 expression was tested in a migration assay. In response to CXCL13, more NCI‑H1915 cells migrated than SW‑1271 cells. These findings suggest that the CXCR5‑CXCL13 axis influences LuCa progression. After validation in larger patient groups, CXCR5 and CXCL13 may prove useful as biomarkers for LuCa. Correspondingly, blockade of this axis could serve as an effective therapy for LuCa.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Esposito L, Conti D, Ailavajhala R, Khalil N and Giordano A: Lung cancer: are we up to the challenge? Curr Genomics. 11:513–518. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Molina JR, Yang P, Cassivi SD, Schild SE and Adjei AA: Non-small cell lung cancer: epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and survivorship. Mayo Clin Proc. 83:584–594. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Baird AM, Gray SG and O’Byrne KJ: Epigenetics underpinning the regulation of the CXC (ELR+) chemokines in non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One. 6:e145932011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Lazennec G and Richmond A: Chemokines and chemokine receptors: new insights into cancer-related inflammation. Trends Mol Med. 16:133–144. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Su L, Zhang J, Xu H, Wang Y, Chu Y, Liu R and Xiong S: Differential expression of CXCR4 is associated with the meta-static potential of human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res. 11:8273–8280. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Burger JA and Kipps TJ: CXCR4: a key receptor in the crosstalk between tumor cells and their microenvironment. Blood. 107:1761–1767. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Bürkle A, Niedermeier M, Schmitt-Gräff A, Wierda WG, Keating MJ and Burger JA: Overexpression of the CXCR5 chemokine receptor, and its ligand, CXCL13 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 110:3316–3325. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

8 

Hussain SK, Zhu W, Chang SC, et al: Serum levels of the chemokine CXCL13, genetic variation in CXCL13 and its receptor CXCR5, and HIV-associated non-Hodgkin B-Cell lymphoma risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 22:295–307. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Kurtova AV, Tamayo AT, Ford RJ and Burger JA: Mantle cell lymphoma cells express high levels of CXCR4, CXCR5, and VLA-4 (CD49d): importance for interactions with the stromal microenvironment and specific targeting. Blood. 113:4604–4613. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Chan CC, Shen D, Hackett JJ, Buggage RR and Tuaillon N: Expression of chemokine receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR5, and chemokines, BLC and SDF-1, in the eyes of patients with primary intraocular lymphoma. Ophthalmology. 110:421–426. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Singh S, Singh R, Singh UP, et al: Clinical and biological significance of CXCR5 expressed by prostate cancer specimens and cell lines. Int J Cancer. 125:2288–2295. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Singh S, Singh R, Sharma PK, et al: Serum CXCL13 positively correlates with prostatic disease, prostate-specific antigen and mediates prostate cancer cell invasion, integrin clustering and cell adhesion. Cancer Lett. 283:29–35. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Panse J, Friedrichs K, Marx A, et al: Chemokine CXCL13 is overexpressed in the tumour tissue and in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients. Br J Cancer. 99:930–938. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Del Grosso F, Coco S, Scaruffi P, et al: Role of CXCL13-CXCR5 crosstalk between malignant neuroblastoma cells and Schwannian stromal cells in neuroblastic tumors. Mol Cancer Res. 9:815–823. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

15 

Yuvaraj S, Griffin AC, Sundaram K, Kirkwood KL, Norris JS and Reddy SV: A novel function of CXCL13 to stimulate RANK ligand expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer Res. 7:1399–1407. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Airoldi I, Cocco C, Morandi F, Prigione I and Pistoia V: CXCR5 may be involved in the attraction of human metastatic neuroblastoma cells to the bone marrow. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 57:541–548. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

El Haibi CP, Sharma PK, Singh R, Johnson PR, Suttles J, Singh S and Lillard JW Jr: PI3Kp110-, Src-, FAK-dependent and DOCK2-independent migration and invasion of CXCL13-stimulated prostate cancer cells. Mol Cancer. 9:852010.PubMed/NCBI

18 

El-Haibi CP, Singh R, Sharma PK, Singh S and Lillard JW Jr: CXCL13 mediates prostate cancer cell proliferation through JNK signalling and invasion through ERK activation. Cell Prolif. 44:311–319. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Iwakiri S, Mino N, Takahashi T, et al: Higher expression of chemokine receptor CXCR7 is linked to early and metastatic recurrence in pathological stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer. Cancer. 115:2580–2593. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Rollins BJ: Chemokines. Blood. 90:909–928. 1997.PubMed/NCBI

21 

Taub DD: Chemokine-leukocyte interactions. The voodoo that they do so well. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 7:355–376. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Spano JP, Andre F, Morat L, et al: Chemokine receptor CXCR4 and early-stage non-small cell lung cancer: pattern of expression and correlation with outcome. Ann Oncol. 15:613–617. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Zhu YM, Webster SJ, Flower D and Woll PJ: Interleukin-8/CXCL8 is a growth factor for human lung cancer cells. Br J Cancer. 91:1970–1976. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Phillips RJ, Burdick MD, Lutz M, Belperio JA, Keane MP and Strieter RM: The stromal derived factor-1/CXCL12-CXC chemokine receptor 4 biological axis in non-small cell lung cancer metastases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 167:1676–1686. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Saintigny P, Massarelli E, Lin S, et al: CXCR2 expression in tumor cells is a poor prognostic factor and promotes invasion and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res. 73:571–582. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Chen JJ, Yao PL, Yuan A, et al: Up-regulation of tumor interleukin-8 expression by infiltrating macrophages: its correlation with tumor angiogenesis and patient survival in non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 9:729–737. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

27 

Ichinose Y, Yano T, Asoh H, Yokoyama H, Yoshino I and Katsuda Y: Prognostic factors obtained by a pathologic examination in completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer. An analysis in each pathologic stage. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 110:601–605. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Suzuki K, Nagai K, Yoshida J, Nishimura M, Takahashi K, Yokose T and Nishiwaki Y: Conventional clinicopathologic prognostic factors in surgically resected nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. A comparison of prognostic factors for each pathologic TNM stage based on multivariate analyses. Cancer. 86:1976–1984. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Singh R, Gupta P, Kloecker GH, Singh S and Lillard Jr JW: Expression and clinical significance of CXCR5/CXCL13 in human non‑small cell lung carcinoma. Int J Oncol 45: 2232-2240, 2014.
APA
Singh, R., Gupta, P., Kloecker, G.H., Singh, S., & Lillard Jr, J.W. (2014). Expression and clinical significance of CXCR5/CXCL13 in human non‑small cell lung carcinoma. International Journal of Oncology, 45, 2232-2240. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2688
MLA
Singh, R., Gupta, P., Kloecker, G. H., Singh, S., Lillard Jr, J. W."Expression and clinical significance of CXCR5/CXCL13 in human non‑small cell lung carcinoma". International Journal of Oncology 45.6 (2014): 2232-2240.
Chicago
Singh, R., Gupta, P., Kloecker, G. H., Singh, S., Lillard Jr, J. W."Expression and clinical significance of CXCR5/CXCL13 in human non‑small cell lung carcinoma". International Journal of Oncology 45, no. 6 (2014): 2232-2240. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2688
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Singh R, Gupta P, Kloecker GH, Singh S and Lillard Jr JW: Expression and clinical significance of CXCR5/CXCL13 in human non‑small cell lung carcinoma. Int J Oncol 45: 2232-2240, 2014.
APA
Singh, R., Gupta, P., Kloecker, G.H., Singh, S., & Lillard Jr, J.W. (2014). Expression and clinical significance of CXCR5/CXCL13 in human non‑small cell lung carcinoma. International Journal of Oncology, 45, 2232-2240. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2688
MLA
Singh, R., Gupta, P., Kloecker, G. H., Singh, S., Lillard Jr, J. W."Expression and clinical significance of CXCR5/CXCL13 in human non‑small cell lung carcinoma". International Journal of Oncology 45.6 (2014): 2232-2240.
Chicago
Singh, R., Gupta, P., Kloecker, G. H., Singh, S., Lillard Jr, J. W."Expression and clinical significance of CXCR5/CXCL13 in human non‑small cell lung carcinoma". International Journal of Oncology 45, no. 6 (2014): 2232-2240. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2688
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team