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International Journal of Oncology
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Review

Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Sabna Rajeev Krishnan
    • Ritu Jaiswal
    • Ross D. Brown
    • Frederick Luk
    • Mary Bebawy
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Graduate School of Health, Discipline of Pharmacy, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia, Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
  • Pages: 33-50
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    Published online on: May 11, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3516
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Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a mature B cell neoplasm that results in multi-organ failure. The median age of onset, diverse clinical manifestations, heterogeneous survival rate, clonal evolution, intrinsic and acquired drug resistance have impact on the therapeutic management of the disease. Specifically, the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) during the course of treatment contributes significantly to treatment failure. The introduction of the immunomodulatory agents and proteasome inhibitors has seen an increase in overall patient survival, however, for the majority of patients, relapse remains inevitable with evidence that these agents, like the conventional chemotherapeutics are also subject to the development of MDR. Clinical management of patients with MM is currently compromised by lack of a suitable procedure to monitor the development of clinical drug resistance in individual patients. The current MM prognostic measures fail to pick the clonotypic tumor cells overexpressing drug efflux pumps, and invasive biopsy is insufficient in detecting sporadic tumors in the skeletal system. This review summarizes the challenges associated with treating the complex disease spectrum of myeloma, with an emphasis on the role of deleterious multidrug resistant clones orchestrating relapse.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Krishnan SR, Jaiswal R, Brown RD, Luk F and Bebawy M: Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review). Int J Oncol 49: 33-50, 2016.
APA
Krishnan, S.R., Jaiswal, R., Brown, R.D., Luk, F., & Bebawy, M. (2016). Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 49, 33-50. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3516
MLA
Krishnan, S. R., Jaiswal, R., Brown, R. D., Luk, F., Bebawy, M."Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 49.1 (2016): 33-50.
Chicago
Krishnan, S. R., Jaiswal, R., Brown, R. D., Luk, F., Bebawy, M."Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 49, no. 1 (2016): 33-50. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3516
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Krishnan SR, Jaiswal R, Brown RD, Luk F and Bebawy M: Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review). Int J Oncol 49: 33-50, 2016.
APA
Krishnan, S.R., Jaiswal, R., Brown, R.D., Luk, F., & Bebawy, M. (2016). Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 49, 33-50. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3516
MLA
Krishnan, S. R., Jaiswal, R., Brown, R. D., Luk, F., Bebawy, M."Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 49.1 (2016): 33-50.
Chicago
Krishnan, S. R., Jaiswal, R., Brown, R. D., Luk, F., Bebawy, M."Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 49, no. 1 (2016): 33-50. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3516
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