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Review Open Access

Treatment of patients with cancer using PD‑1/PD‑L1 antibodies: Adverse effects and management strategies (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Guangshun Sun
    • Hanyuan Liu
    • Xuesong Shi
    • Pengyu Tan
    • Weiwei Tang
    • Xin Chen
    • Guoqiang Sun
    • Weijun Yang
    • Xiangyi Kong
    • Zhiying Zheng
    • Hongyong Cao
    • Guoqiang Shao
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China, Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 215005, P.R. China, Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 215005, P.R. China, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Sun et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 74
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    Published online on: April 28, 2022
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5364
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Abstract

In 2020, there were an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and close to 10 million cancer deaths worldwide. Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of our understanding of tumor immunotherapy, immunotherapeutics, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, have gradually become a hot spot for tumor treatment. Amongst these, programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD‑1/PD‑L1) related inhibitors, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, avelumab and durvalumab have been shown to exhibit a high level of efficacy in several types of tumors. It has been confirmed that these inhibitors play an important role in the anti‑tumor process, significantly improving the survival rate of patients and delaying the progress of the underlying cancer. However, its method of therapeutic interference and potential for damaging the immune system has caused concern regarding its suitability. As these adverse effects are caused by an immune response to endogenous tissues, they are designated as immune‑related adverse events (irAEs). In this review, the typical irAEs reported in recent years and the management strategies adopted are highlighted, to serve as a reference in assessing the clinical response to these adverse reactions.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Sun G, Liu H, Shi X, Tan P, Tang W, Chen X, Sun G, Yang W, Kong X, Zheng Z, Zheng Z, et al: Treatment of patients with cancer using PD‑1/PD‑L1 antibodies: Adverse effects and management strategies (Review). Int J Oncol 60: 74, 2022.
APA
Sun, G., Liu, H., Shi, X., Tan, P., Tang, W., Chen, X. ... Shao, G. (2022). Treatment of patients with cancer using PD‑1/PD‑L1 antibodies: Adverse effects and management strategies (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 60, 74. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5364
MLA
Sun, G., Liu, H., Shi, X., Tan, P., Tang, W., Chen, X., Sun, G., Yang, W., Kong, X., Zheng, Z., Cao, H., Shao, G."Treatment of patients with cancer using PD‑1/PD‑L1 antibodies: Adverse effects and management strategies (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 60.6 (2022): 74.
Chicago
Sun, G., Liu, H., Shi, X., Tan, P., Tang, W., Chen, X., Sun, G., Yang, W., Kong, X., Zheng, Z., Cao, H., Shao, G."Treatment of patients with cancer using PD‑1/PD‑L1 antibodies: Adverse effects and management strategies (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 60, no. 6 (2022): 74. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5364
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Sun G, Liu H, Shi X, Tan P, Tang W, Chen X, Sun G, Yang W, Kong X, Zheng Z, Zheng Z, et al: Treatment of patients with cancer using PD‑1/PD‑L1 antibodies: Adverse effects and management strategies (Review). Int J Oncol 60: 74, 2022.
APA
Sun, G., Liu, H., Shi, X., Tan, P., Tang, W., Chen, X. ... Shao, G. (2022). Treatment of patients with cancer using PD‑1/PD‑L1 antibodies: Adverse effects and management strategies (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 60, 74. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5364
MLA
Sun, G., Liu, H., Shi, X., Tan, P., Tang, W., Chen, X., Sun, G., Yang, W., Kong, X., Zheng, Z., Cao, H., Shao, G."Treatment of patients with cancer using PD‑1/PD‑L1 antibodies: Adverse effects and management strategies (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 60.6 (2022): 74.
Chicago
Sun, G., Liu, H., Shi, X., Tan, P., Tang, W., Chen, X., Sun, G., Yang, W., Kong, X., Zheng, Z., Cao, H., Shao, G."Treatment of patients with cancer using PD‑1/PD‑L1 antibodies: Adverse effects and management strategies (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 60, no. 6 (2022): 74. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5364
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