Open Access

Roles of small extracellular vesicles in the development, diagnosis and possible treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Shuyue Yang
    • Jiaxin Wang
    • Shidong Wang
    • Anni Zhou
    • Guiping Zhao
    • Peng Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 7, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5381
  • Article Number: 91
  • Copyright: © Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignancy of hepatocytes accounting for 75‑85% of primary hepatic carcinoma cases. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), previously known as exosomes with a diameter of 30‑200 nm, can transport a variety of biological molecules between cells, and have been proposed to function in physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have indicated that the cargos of sEVs are implicated in intercellular crosstalk among HCC cells, paratumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. sEV‑encapsulated substances (including DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids) regulate signal transduction pathways in recipient cells and contribute to cancer initiation and progression in HCC. In addition, the differential expression of sEV cargos between patients facilitates the potential utility of sEVs in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with HCC. Furthermore, the intrinsic properties of low immunogenicity and high stability render sEVs ideal vehicles for targeted drug delivery in the treatment of HCC. The present review article summarizes the carcinogenic and anti‑neoplastic capacities of sEVs and discusses the potential and prospective diagnostic and therapeutic applications of sEVs in HCC.
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August-2022
Volume 61 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1019-6439
Online ISSN:1791-2423

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Yang S, Wang J, Wang S, Zhou A, Zhao G and Li P: Roles of small extracellular vesicles in the development, diagnosis and possible treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). Int J Oncol 61: 91, 2022
APA
Yang, S., Wang, J., Wang, S., Zhou, A., Zhao, G., & Li, P. (2022). Roles of small extracellular vesicles in the development, diagnosis and possible treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 61, 91. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5381
MLA
Yang, S., Wang, J., Wang, S., Zhou, A., Zhao, G., Li, P."Roles of small extracellular vesicles in the development, diagnosis and possible treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 61.2 (2022): 91.
Chicago
Yang, S., Wang, J., Wang, S., Zhou, A., Zhao, G., Li, P."Roles of small extracellular vesicles in the development, diagnosis and possible treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 61, no. 2 (2022): 91. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5381