Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
Journal Cover
October-2022 Volume 61 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2022 Volume 61 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Article Open Access

Ex vivo assessment of cancer drug sensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer and its association with histopathological type, treatment history and clinical outcome

  • Authors:
    • Kathrine Bjersand
    • Kristin Blom
    • Inger Sundström Poromaa
    • Karin Stålberg
    • Ann-Marie Lejon
    • Fatma Bäckman
    • Åsa Nyberg
    • Claes Andersson
    • Rolf Larsson
    • Peter Nygren
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, S‑751 85 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, S‑751 85 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Medical Sciences, Örebro University Hospital, S‑701 85 Örebro, Sweden, Department of Gynecology, Falun Hospital, S‑791 31 Falun, Sweden, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, S‑751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
    Copyright: © Bjersand et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 128
    |
    Published online on: September 8, 2022
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5418
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is divided into type I and type II based on histopathological features. Type I is clinically more indolent, but also less sensitive to chemotherapy, compared with type II. The basis for this difference is not fully clarified. The present study investigated the pattern of drug activity in type I and type II EOC for standard cytotoxic drugs and recently introduced tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and assessed the association with treatment history and clinical outcome. Isolated EOC tumor cells obtained at surgery were investigated for their sensitivity to seven standard cytotoxic drugs and nine TKIs using a short‑term fluorescent microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA). Drug activity was compared with respect to EOC subtype, preoperative chemotherapy, cross‑resistance and association with progression‑free survival (PFS). Out of 128 EOC samples, 120 samples, including 21 type I and 99 type II, were successfully analyzed using FMCA. Patients with EOC type I had a significantly longer PFS time than patients with EOC type II (P=0.01). In line with clinical experience, EOC type I samples were generally more resistant than type II samples to both standard cytotoxic drugs and the TKIs, reaching statistical significance for cisplatin (P=0.03) and dasatinib (P=0.002). A similar pattern was noted in samples from patients treated with chemotherapy prior to surgery compared with treatment‑naive samples, reaching statistical significance for fluorouracil, irinotecan, dasatinib and nintedanib (all P<0.05). PFS time gradually shortened with increasing degree of drug resistance. Cross‑resistance between drugs was in most cases statistically significant yet moderate in degree (r<0.5). The clinically observed relative drug resistance of EOC type I, as well as in patients previously treated, is at least partly due to mechanisms in the tumor cells. These mechanisms seemingly also encompass kinase inhibitors. Ex vivo assessment of drug activity is suggested to have a role in the optimization of drug therapy in EOC.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A and Bray F: Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 71:209–249. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Zhang S, Dolgalev I, Zhang T, Ran H, Levine DA and Neel BG: Both fallopian tube and ovarian surface epithelium are cells-of-origin for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Nat Commun. 10:53672019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Shih IeM and Kurman RJ: Ovarian Tumorigenesis: A Proposed model based on morphological and molecular genetic analysis. Am J Pathol. 164:1511–1518. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Kurman RJ and Shih IeM: The origin and pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer: A proposed unifying theory. Am J Surg Pathol. 34:433–443. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Chang SJ, Bristow RE, Chi DS and Cliby WA: Role of aggressive surgical cytoreduction in advanced ovarian cancer. J Gynecol Oncol. 26:336–342. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

McGuire WP, Hoskins WJ, Brady MF, Kucera PR, Partridge EE, Look KY, Clarke-Pearson DL and Davidson M: Cyclophosphamide and Cisplatin compared with paclitaxel and Cisplatin in patients with stage III and stage IV ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med. 334:1–6. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Bookman MA, McGuire WP III, Kilpatrick D, Keenan E, Hogan WM, Johnson SW, O'Dwyer P, Rowinsky E, Gallion HH and Ozols RF: Carboplatin and paclitaxel in ovarian carcinoma: A phase I study of the gynecologic oncology group. J Clin Oncol. 14:1895–1902. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Lheureux S, Karakasis K, Kohn EC and Oza AM: Ovarian cancer treatment: The end of empiricism? Cancer. 121:3203–3211. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Hanahan D and Weinberg RA: Hallmarks of cancer: The next generation. Cell. 144:646–674. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Despierre E, Yesilyurt BT, Lambrechts S, Johnson N, Verheijen R, van der Burg M, Casado A, Rustin G, Berns E, Leunen K, et al: Epithelial ovarian cancer: Rationale for changing the one-fits-all standard treatment regimen to subtype-specific treatment. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 24:468–477. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Fotopoulos G, Tzanninis IG and Kotteas EA: The emerging role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in ovarian cancer treatment: A systematic review. Cancer Invest. 34:313–339. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Farley J, Brady WE, Vathipadiekal V, Lankes HA, Coleman R, Morgan MA, Mannel R, Yamada SD, Mutch D, Rodgers WH, et al: Selumetinib in women with recurrent low-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary or peritoneum: An open-label, Single-arm, Phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 14:134–140. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar :

13 

Matei D, Sill MW, Lankes HA, DeGeest K, Bristow RE, Mutch D, Yamada SD, Cohn D, Calvert V, Farley J, et al: Activity of sorafenib in recurrent ovarian cancer and primary peritoneal carcinomatosis: A Gynecologic Oncology Group trial. J Clin Oncol. 29:69–75. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar :

14 

Hainsworth JD, Thompson DS, Bismayer JA, Gian VG, Merritt WM, Whorf RC, Finney LH and Dudley BS: Paclitaxel/carboplatin with or without sorafenib in the first-line treatment of patients with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer: A randomized phase II study of the Sarah Cannon Research Institute. Cancer Med. 4:673–681. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Vergote IB, Jimeno A, Joly F, Katsaros D, Coens C, Despierre E, Marth C, Hall M, Steer CB, Colombo N, et al: Randomized phase III study of erlotinib versus observation in patients with no evidence of disease progression after first-line platin-based chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma: A European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Gynaecological Cancer Group, and Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup study. J Clin Oncol. 32:320–326. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Omura GA, Brady MF, Homesley HD, Yordan E, Major FJ, Buchsbaum HJ and Park RC: Long-term follow-up and prognostic factor analysis in advanced ovarian carcinoma: The Gynecologic Oncology Group experience. J Clin Oncol. 9:1138–1150. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Blumenthal RD and Goldenberg DM: Methods and goals for the use of in vitro and in vivo chemosensitivity testing. Mol Biotechnol. 35:185–197. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Sugarbaker PH: Peritonectomy procedures. Ann Surg. 221:29–42. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Sugarbaker PH: Management of peritoneal-surface malignancy: The surgeon's role. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 384:576–487. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Moran B, Baratti D, Yan TD, Kusamura S and Deraco M: Consensus statement on the loco-regional treatment of appendiceal mucinous neoplasms with peritoneal dissemination (pseudomyxoma peritonei). J Surg Oncol. 98:277–282. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

ASA Physical Status Classification System. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA); December 13–2020

22 

Moore RG, MacLaughlan S and Bast RC Jr: Current state of biomarker development for clinical application in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 116:240–245. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Csóka K, Tholander B, Gerdin E, de La Torre M, Larsson R and Nygren P: In vitro determination of cytotoxic drug response in ovarian carcinoma using the fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA). Int J Cancer. 72:1008–1012. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Lindhagen E, Nygren P and Larsson R: The fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay. Nat Protoc. 3:1364–1369. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Blom K, Nygren P, Alvarsson J, Larsson R and Andersson CR: Ex vivo assessment of drug activity in patient tumor cells as a basis for tailored cancer therapy. J Lab Autom. 21:178–187. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Larsson R, Fridborg H, Kristensen J, Sundström C and Nygren P: In vitro testing of chemotherapeutic drug combinations in acute myelocytic leukaemia using the fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA). Br J Cancer. 67:969–974. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Schmeler KM, Sun CC, Bodurka DC, Deavers MT, Malpica A, Coleman RL, Ramirez PT and Gershenson DM: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for low-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary or peritoneum. Gynecol Oncol. 108:510–514. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Gershenson DM, Sun CC, Bodurka D, Coleman RL, Lu KH, Sood AK, Deavers M, Malpica AL and Kavanagh JJ: Recurrent low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is relatively chemoresistant. Gynecol Oncol. 114:48–52. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

von Heideman A, Tholander B, Grundmark B, Cajander S, Gerdin E, Holm L, Axelsson A, Rosenberg P, Mahteme H, Daniel E, et al: Chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of primary cultures of epithelial ovarian cancer cells from patients in relation to tumour characteristics and therapeutic outcome. Acta Oncol. 53:242–250. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Agarwal R and Kaye SB: Ovarian cancer: Strategies for overcoming resistance to chemotherapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 3:502–516. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Parmar MKB, Ledermann JA, Colombo N, du Bois A, Delaloye JF, Kristensen GB, Wheeler S, Swart AM, Qian W, Torri V, et al: Paclitaxel plus platinum-based chemotherapy versus conventional platinum-based chemotherapy in women with relapsed ovarian cancer: The ICON4/AGO-OVAR-2.2 trial. Lancet. 361:2099–2106. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Jelovac D and Armstrong DK: Recent progress in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. CA Cancer J Clin. 61:183–203. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Bjersand K, Mahteme H, Sundström Poromaa I, Andréasson H, Graf W, Larsson R and Nygren P: Drug sensitivity testing in cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy of pseudomyxoma peritonei. Ann Surg Oncol. 22(Suppl 3): S810–S816. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Herzog TJ, Krivak TC, Fader AN and Coleman RL: Chemosensitivity testing with ChemoFx and overall survival in primary ovarian cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 203:68.e1–e6. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Cree IA, Kurbacher CM, Lamont A, Hindley AC and Love S: A prospective randomized controlled trial of tumour chemosensitivity assay directed chemotherapy versus physician's choice in patients with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Anticancer Drugs. 18:1093–1101. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Loizzi V, Chan JK, Osann K, Cappuccini F, DiSaia PJ and Berman ML: Survival outcomes in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer who were treated with chemoresistance assay-guided chemotherapy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 189:1301–1307. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Rixe O, Ortuzar W, Alvarez M, Parker R, Reed E, Paull K and Fojo T: Oxaliplatin, tetraplatin, cisplatin, and carboplatin: Spectrum of activity in drug-resistant cell lines and in the cell lines of the National Cancer Institute 's Anticancer Drug Screen panel. Biochem Pharmacol. 52:1855–1865. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Fojo T, Farrell N, Ortuzar W, Tanimura H, Weinstein J and Myers TG: Identification of non-cross-resistant platinum compounds with novel cytotoxicity profiles using the NCI anticancer drug screen and clustered image map visualizations. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 53:25–34. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Bogliolo S, Cassani C, Gardella B, Musacchi V, Babilonti L, Venturini PL, Ferrero S and Spinillo A: Oxaliplatin for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 24:1275–1286. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Vermorken JB: The integration of paclitaxel and new platinum compounds in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 11(Suppl 1): S21–S30. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Herzog TJ, Monk BJ, Rose PG, Braly P, Hines JF, Bell MC, Wenham RM, Secord AA, Roman LD, Einstein MH, et al: A phase II trial of oxaliplatin, docetaxel, and bevacizumab as first-line therapy of advanced cancer of the ovary, peritoneum, and fallopian tube. Gynecol Oncol. 132:517–525. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Perren TJ, Swart AM, Pfisterer J, Ledermann JA, Pujade-Lauraine E, Kristensen G, Carey MS, Beale P, Cervantes A, Kurzeder C, et al: A phase 3 trial of bevacizumab in ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med. 365:2484–2496. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Jayson GC, Kohn EC, Kitchener HC and Ledermann JA: Ovarian cancer. Lancet. 384:1376–1388. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Ozols RF, Bundy BN, Greer BE, Fowler JM, Clarke-Pearson D, Burger RA, Mannel RS, DeGeest K, Hartenbach EM and Baergen R; Gynecologic Oncology Group: Phase III trial of carboplatin and paclitaxel compared with cisplatin and paclitaxel in patients with optimally resected stage III ovarian cancer: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol. 21:3194–3200. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Vasey PA, Jayson GC, Gordon A, Gabra H, Coleman R, Atkinson R, Parkin D, Paul J, Hay A and Kaye SB; Scottish Gynaecological Cancer Trials Group: Phase III randomized trial of docetaxel-carboplatin versus paclitaxel-carboplatin as first-line chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 96:1682–1691. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Bjersand K, Blom K, Poromaa IS, Stålberg K, Lejon A, Bäckman F, Nyberg Å, Andersson C, Larsson R, Nygren P, Nygren P, et al: <em>Ex vivo</em> assessment of cancer drug sensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer and its association with histopathological type, treatment history and clinical outcome. Int J Oncol 61: 128, 2022.
APA
Bjersand, K., Blom, K., Poromaa, I.S., Stålberg, K., Lejon, A., Bäckman, F. ... Nygren, P. (2022). <em>Ex vivo</em> assessment of cancer drug sensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer and its association with histopathological type, treatment history and clinical outcome. International Journal of Oncology, 61, 128. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5418
MLA
Bjersand, K., Blom, K., Poromaa, I. S., Stålberg, K., Lejon, A., Bäckman, F., Nyberg, Å., Andersson, C., Larsson, R., Nygren, P."<em>Ex vivo</em> assessment of cancer drug sensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer and its association with histopathological type, treatment history and clinical outcome". International Journal of Oncology 61.4 (2022): 128.
Chicago
Bjersand, K., Blom, K., Poromaa, I. S., Stålberg, K., Lejon, A., Bäckman, F., Nyberg, Å., Andersson, C., Larsson, R., Nygren, P."<em>Ex vivo</em> assessment of cancer drug sensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer and its association with histopathological type, treatment history and clinical outcome". International Journal of Oncology 61, no. 4 (2022): 128. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5418
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Bjersand K, Blom K, Poromaa IS, Stålberg K, Lejon A, Bäckman F, Nyberg Å, Andersson C, Larsson R, Nygren P, Nygren P, et al: <em>Ex vivo</em> assessment of cancer drug sensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer and its association with histopathological type, treatment history and clinical outcome. Int J Oncol 61: 128, 2022.
APA
Bjersand, K., Blom, K., Poromaa, I.S., Stålberg, K., Lejon, A., Bäckman, F. ... Nygren, P. (2022). <em>Ex vivo</em> assessment of cancer drug sensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer and its association with histopathological type, treatment history and clinical outcome. International Journal of Oncology, 61, 128. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5418
MLA
Bjersand, K., Blom, K., Poromaa, I. S., Stålberg, K., Lejon, A., Bäckman, F., Nyberg, Å., Andersson, C., Larsson, R., Nygren, P."<em>Ex vivo</em> assessment of cancer drug sensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer and its association with histopathological type, treatment history and clinical outcome". International Journal of Oncology 61.4 (2022): 128.
Chicago
Bjersand, K., Blom, K., Poromaa, I. S., Stålberg, K., Lejon, A., Bäckman, F., Nyberg, Å., Andersson, C., Larsson, R., Nygren, P."<em>Ex vivo</em> assessment of cancer drug sensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer and its association with histopathological type, treatment history and clinical outcome". International Journal of Oncology 61, no. 4 (2022): 128. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2022.5418
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team