Open Access

Emerging proteins involved in castration‑resistant prostate cancer via the AR‑dependent and AR‑independent pathways (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Kangle Feng
    • Chunhua Liu
    • Weixi Wang
    • Piaoping Kong
    • Zhihua Tao
    • Weiwei Liu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: September 20, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2023.5575
  • Article Number: 127
  • Copyright: © Feng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Despite achieving optimal initial responses to androgen deprivation therapy, most patients with prostate cancer eventually progress to a poor prognosis state known as castration‑resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Currently, there is a notable absence of reliable early warning biomarkers and effective treatment strategies for these patients. Although androgen receptor (AR)‑independent pathways have been discovered and acknowledged in recent years, the AR signaling pathway continues to play a pivotal role in the progression of CRPC. The present review focuses on newly identified proteins within human CRPC tissues. These proteins encompass both those involved in AR‑dependent and AR‑independent pathways. Specifically, the present review provides an in‑depth summary and analysis of the emerging proteins within AR bypass pathways. Furthermore, the significance of these proteins as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for treating CRPC is discussed. Therefore, the present review offers valuable theoretical insights and clinical perspectives to comprehensively enhance the understanding of CRPC.
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November-2023
Volume 63 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1019-6439
Online ISSN:1791-2423

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Feng K, Liu C, Wang W, Kong P, Tao Z and Liu W: Emerging proteins involved in castration‑resistant prostate cancer via the AR‑dependent and AR‑independent pathways (Review). Int J Oncol 63: 127, 2023
APA
Feng, K., Liu, C., Wang, W., Kong, P., Tao, Z., & Liu, W. (2023). Emerging proteins involved in castration‑resistant prostate cancer via the AR‑dependent and AR‑independent pathways (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 63, 127. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2023.5575
MLA
Feng, K., Liu, C., Wang, W., Kong, P., Tao, Z., Liu, W."Emerging proteins involved in castration‑resistant prostate cancer via the AR‑dependent and AR‑independent pathways (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 63.5 (2023): 127.
Chicago
Feng, K., Liu, C., Wang, W., Kong, P., Tao, Z., Liu, W."Emerging proteins involved in castration‑resistant prostate cancer via the AR‑dependent and AR‑independent pathways (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 63, no. 5 (2023): 127. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2023.5575