Open Access

Advancements in leukemia management: Bridging diagnosis, prognosis and nanotechnology (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Jingbo Li
    • Yingxue Wang
    • Chunli Dong
    • Lifu Luo
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: October 2, 2024     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2024.5700
  • Article Number: 112
  • Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood stem cells in the bone marrow. Today, the proper diagnosis and prognosis of leukemia are essential in mitigating the morbidity and mortality associated with this malignancy. The advent of novel biomarkers, particularly those related to minimal residual disease, has paved the way for personalized therapeutic strategies and enables the quantitative assessment of patient responses to treatment regimens. Novel diagnostic and targeted drug delivery may be helpful for the improved management of leukemia. Genetic clinical parameters, such as chromosomal abnormalities, are crucial in diagnosing and guiding treatment decisions. These genetic markers also provide valuable prognostic information, helping to predict patient outcomes and tailor personalized treatment plans. In the present review, the studies on the diagnostic and prognostic parameters of leukemia were analyzed. The prognosis of leukemia was investigated in most of the studies, and the remaining were performed on diagnosis. The clinical and laboratory prognostic parameters were the most common, followed by diagnostic hematological parameters, diagnostic blood parameter studies, and diagnostic immunological parameters. Clinical and laboratory prognostic and hematologic parameters were the most extensively studied. The methods used to diagnose and prognose the leukemia cases in these studies were predominantly clinical hematology. Numerous surface proteins and receptors, including CD45, CD27, CD29, CD38, CD27, CD123, CD56 and CD25, react similarly in various kinds of leukemia, which are ideal for targeted drug delivery. Drug delivery to leukemia cells encounters several significant obstacles, including heterogeneity, that hinder the effectiveness of treatment. Nanocarriers play a critical role in targeted drug delivery for leukemia by enhancing the precision of treatments directed at surface proteins and receptors. Additionally, they can be functionalized with targeting drugs and antibodies to target specific tissues and cells.
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December-2024
Volume 65 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1019-6439
Online ISSN:1791-2423

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Spandidos Publications style
Li J, Wang Y, Dong C and Luo L: Advancements in leukemia management: Bridging diagnosis, prognosis and nanotechnology (Review). Int J Oncol 65: 112, 2024.
APA
Li, J., Wang, Y., Dong, C., & Luo, L. (2024). Advancements in leukemia management: Bridging diagnosis, prognosis and nanotechnology (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 65, 112. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2024.5700
MLA
Li, J., Wang, Y., Dong, C., Luo, L."Advancements in leukemia management: Bridging diagnosis, prognosis and nanotechnology (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 65.6 (2024): 112.
Chicago
Li, J., Wang, Y., Dong, C., Luo, L."Advancements in leukemia management: Bridging diagnosis, prognosis and nanotechnology (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 65, no. 6 (2024): 112. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2024.5700