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Progerin regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and inhibits EMT and metastasis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells

  • Authors:
    • Xinxian Huang
    • Weizhao Luo
    • Weixian Liu
    • Xinguang Liu
    • Weichun Chen
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Songshan Lake National High‑tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 92
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    Published online on: September 9, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2025.5798
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Abstract

Triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer, known for its poor prognosis due to its high invasiveness, strong metastatic tendencies and propensity for recurrence. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial process in tumor invasion and metastasis and in the formation of cancer‑initiating cells. Hutchinson‑Gilford progeria is a rare condition characterized by accelerated aging, caused by a mutated form of lamin A, known as progerin. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of progerin overexpression on TNBC and uncover its underlying mechanisms of action. Therefore, cell senescence was assessed using senescence‑associated β‑galactosidase staining, while cell proliferation was measured by colony formation, Cell Counting Kit‑8 and EdU assays. Additionally, cell metastasis was evaluated using wound‑healing, Transwell and cell adhesion assays. Immunofluorescence staining was carried out to observe actin cytoskeleton and nuclear morphology. The results showed that progerin markedly suppressed the colony formation, migration, invasion and adhesion abilities of BT‑549 and MDA‑MB‑231 TNBC cell lines, without affecting cell senescence or proliferation. In addition, progerin overexpression altered nuclear morphology and actin cytoskeleton organization in TNBC cells. Furthermore, the expression levels of the mesenchymal markers, N‑cadherin, vimentin, Snail and Slug, were reduced, while those of the epithelial marker, E‑cadherin, were enhanced in TNBC cells. Overall, the results of the present study suggested that progerin overexpression could inhibit TNBC cell metastasis, probably via actin cytoskeleton remodeling and regulate the expression levels of the cytoskeletal‑related proteins, anillin and β‑catenin, and those of the EMT‑related ones. The aforementioned findings could provide novel insights into the identification of potential molecular targets for breast cancer therapy.
View Figures

Figure 1

Stable progerin expression in BT-549
and MDA-MB-231 cells. The GFP fluorescence of (A) BT-549 and (B)
MDA-MB-231 cell lines were detected 72 h after lentivirus
infection. Magnification, ×100. (C-F) Western blot analysis
demonstrated the overexpressing efficiency of progerin.
**P<0.01. Error bars as mean ± SEM. BT-549:
η2=0.804, MDA-MB-231: η2=0.871. NC, negative
control; OE, overexpression.

Figure 2

Progerin was unable to induce
significant cellular senescence. (A and B) No significant
difference in SA-β-Gal senescence staining. Magnification, ×200.
(C-F) Western blot analysis showed the expression of aging markers.
*P<0.05, **P<0.01,
***P<0.001. Error bars as mean ± SEM. NC, negative
control; OE, overexpression.

Figure 3

Progerin did not affect cell
proliferation. (A-C) Clone formation assay was conducted for 15
days. (D and E) Cell viability assay was conducted for 1/2/3/4
days. (F-I) Cell proliferation assay was conducted for 2 h.
Magnification, BT-549 cells ×40, MDA-MB-231cells, ×100. (J, K and
N, O) Cell cycle analysis was conducted by flow cytometry. (L, M
and P, Q) Western blot analysis demonstrated the expression of
G1/S phase checkpoint protein Cyclin E1 and CDK4. ns
P>0.05, *P<0.05, **P<0.01. Error
bars as mean ± SEM. NC, negative control; OE, overexpression.

Figure 4

Cell migration, invasion and adhesion
were inhibited, (A, B and D, E) Scratch wound-healing assay was
conducted for 24/48 h. Magnification, ×100. (H-K) Transwell assay
was conducted for 24 h. Magnification, ×200. Migration BT-549:
η2=0.810, MDA-MB-231: η2=0.973; invasion
BT-549: η2=0.780, MDA-MB-231: η2=0.996. (C
and F, G) Cell adhesion assay was conducted for 1 h. Magnification,
×100. *P<0.05, **P<0.01,
***P<0.001. Error bars as mean ± SEM. NC, negative
control; OE, overexpression.

Figure 5

Cell immunofluorescence staining. (A)
LaminA staining showed the structure of the nuclear lamina. (B) The
F-actin cytoskeleton was stained with phalloidin. A scale bar is
added to each micrograph and uniformly placed in the lower right
corner. (A) Original magnification: 50 µm, Zoom in: 10
µm. (B) Original magnification: 25 µm, Zoom in: 10
µm. NC, negative control; OE, overexpression.

Figure 6

KEGG analysis results of A549 cells
overexpressing progerin and control cells. (A) The enrichment of
KEGG pathway analysis. (B) Key proteins of the top three pathways.
KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes.

Figure 7

GO analysis results of A549 cells
overexpressing progerin and control cells. GO, Gene Ontology.

Figure 8

Underlying molecular mechanisms. (A)
Fold change of Anillin and β-catenin in protein microarray of A549
cells overexpressing progerin and control cells. (C) Western blot
analysis demonstrated the expression of Anillin (B and D) BT-549:
η2=0.687, MDA-MB-231: η2=0.844, β-catenin
BT-549: η2=0.773, MDA-MB-231: η2=0.905 and
related pathway proteins. *P<0.05,
**P<0.01, ***P<0.001. Error bars as
mean ± SEM. NC, negative control; OE, overexpression.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Huang X, Luo W, Liu W, Liu X and Chen W: Progerin regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and inhibits EMT and metastasis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 67: 92, 2025.
APA
Huang, X., Luo, W., Liu, W., Liu, X., & Chen, W. (2025). Progerin regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and inhibits EMT and metastasis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells. International Journal of Oncology, 67, 92. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2025.5798
MLA
Huang, X., Luo, W., Liu, W., Liu, X., Chen, W."Progerin regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and inhibits EMT and metastasis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells". International Journal of Oncology 67.5 (2025): 92.
Chicago
Huang, X., Luo, W., Liu, W., Liu, X., Chen, W."Progerin regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and inhibits EMT and metastasis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells". International Journal of Oncology 67, no. 5 (2025): 92. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2025.5798
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Huang X, Luo W, Liu W, Liu X and Chen W: Progerin regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and inhibits EMT and metastasis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 67: 92, 2025.
APA
Huang, X., Luo, W., Liu, W., Liu, X., & Chen, W. (2025). Progerin regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and inhibits EMT and metastasis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells. International Journal of Oncology, 67, 92. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2025.5798
MLA
Huang, X., Luo, W., Liu, W., Liu, X., Chen, W."Progerin regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and inhibits EMT and metastasis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells". International Journal of Oncology 67.5 (2025): 92.
Chicago
Huang, X., Luo, W., Liu, W., Liu, X., Chen, W."Progerin regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling and inhibits EMT and metastasis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells". International Journal of Oncology 67, no. 5 (2025): 92. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2025.5798
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