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Review

Glioma and glioblastoma ‑ how much do we (not) know? (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Ivana Jovčevska
    • Nina Kočevar
    • Radovan Komel
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
  • Pages: 935-941
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    Published online on: August 26, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2013.172
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Abstract

Cancer is a heterogeneous disease, which provides a broad field for investigation, while simultaneously reducing the chances for a universal treatment. Malignant gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumors. The heterogeneity of gliomas regarding clinical presentation, pathology and response to treatment makes this type of tumor a challenging area of research. As the clinical symptoms may be unspecific (e.g., seizures and headaches) it is often difficult to diagnose a patient in the early stages of the disease. Thus far, there are no known genetic patterns of inheritance of this disease. Currently, the treatment of glioblastoma involves surgery, whenever possible, followed by radiation and chemotherapy. Experimental procedures, such as passive and active immunotherapy, use of angiogenesis inhibitors in combination with chemotherapeutics and gene/antibody therapy, are additional treatment options. However, as the brain is difficult to access due to the presence of the blood‑brain barrier (BBB), none of the above‑mentioned therapies have been successful in curing this disease. The lack of knowledge regarding the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of gliomas further adds to the difficulties. Currently, investigations are focused on the development of novel methods for improving the outcome of this disease. however, despite the extensive investigations, 88% of all glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients succumb to the disease within 3 years. GBM remains one of the most challenging malignancies worldwide.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Jovčevska I, Kočevar N and Komel R: Glioma and glioblastoma ‑ how much do we (not) know? (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 1: 935-941, 2013.
APA
Jovčevska, I., Kočevar, N., & Komel, R. (2013). Glioma and glioblastoma ‑ how much do we (not) know? (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 1, 935-941. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2013.172
MLA
Jovčevska, I., Kočevar, N., Komel, R."Glioma and glioblastoma ‑ how much do we (not) know? (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 1.6 (2013): 935-941.
Chicago
Jovčevska, I., Kočevar, N., Komel, R."Glioma and glioblastoma ‑ how much do we (not) know? (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 1, no. 6 (2013): 935-941. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2013.172
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Jovčevska I, Kočevar N and Komel R: Glioma and glioblastoma ‑ how much do we (not) know? (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 1: 935-941, 2013.
APA
Jovčevska, I., Kočevar, N., & Komel, R. (2013). Glioma and glioblastoma ‑ how much do we (not) know? (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 1, 935-941. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2013.172
MLA
Jovčevska, I., Kočevar, N., Komel, R."Glioma and glioblastoma ‑ how much do we (not) know? (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 1.6 (2013): 935-941.
Chicago
Jovčevska, I., Kočevar, N., Komel, R."Glioma and glioblastoma ‑ how much do we (not) know? (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 1, no. 6 (2013): 935-941. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2013.172
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