Atorvastatin and trans‑caryophyllene for the prevention of leukopenia in an experimental chemotherapy model in Wistar rats

Campos,Maria Ines Da Cruz; Vieira,Wellington Dorigheto Andrade; Campos,Celso Neiva; Aarestrup,Fernando Monteiro; Aarestrup,Beatriz Julião Vieira

doi:10.3892/mco.2015.544

Atorvastatin and trans‑caryophyllene for the prevention of leukopenia in an experimental chemotherapy model in Wistar rats

Authors:
- Maria Ines Da Cruz Campos
- Wellington Dorigheto Andrade Vieira
- Celso Neiva Campos
- Fernando Monteiro Aarestrup
- Beatriz Julião Vieira Aarestrup
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Affiliations: Postgraduate Program in Health, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences (PPGS), Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil, Department of Dental Clinic, Dental Scool, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
Published online on: April 9, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2015.544
Pages: 825-828

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Abstract

Malignant neoplasia represents the second cause of disease‑related mortality and, among all patients diagnosed with cancer, 70% will receive chemotherapy during the course of treatment. As a consequence, an increasing number of researchers have focused their attention on the search for more specific anticancer therapies associated with fewer side effects. Leukopenia is an important adverse effect associated with chemotherapy. Secondary infection is very common among leukopenic patients, directly affecting the continuity of the chemotherapeutic treatment and leading to possible complications in tumor immune defense. Atorvastatin, a type of statin, is a known agent used to control hypercholesterolemia. Trans‑caryophyllene, isolated from a resinous oil extracted from the copaiba tree, possesses anti‑inflammatory and analgesic properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate, through a complete leukocyte count, the systemic immunomodulation potential of pentoxifylline (PTX), atorvastatin and trans‑caryophyllene, as well as the possible prophylactic role of these drugs against secondary leukopenia, in an experimental chemotherapy model induced by 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU) in Wistar rats. A total of 32 male Wistar rats were used, 24 of which were submitted to treatment with atorvastatin, PTX and trans‑caryophyllene prior to the administration of chemotherapy. The Shapiro‑Wilk test was used to verify normality and the Kruskal‑Wallis test was used for negative data in the normality test. Among the drugs selected, atorvastatin exhibited the best preventive potential in regards to leukopenia secondary to experimental chemotherapy induced by 5‑FU, in comparison to the group receiving saline solution, while PTX amplified such alterations in the leukograms of the animals in this trial.

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